txheem
Lub npe nrov thiab niaj hnub ntau yam, uas txawv los ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj "pos" thiab tsis kam mus rau powdery mildew, suav nrog Beryl gooseberries, nws kuj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nplua nuj, ruaj khov sau.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntau yam
Ntau yam Beryl tau tsim nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm peb lub teb chaws hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Nws tau txais los ntawm kev hla ntau yam Malachite thiab Nugget. Nws tshuav nws qhov tsos rau tus kws kho mob ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb kev tshawb fawb VS Ilyin. Tus kws tshawb fawb yog tus ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm AP Gubenko, tus kws yug tsiaj uas tau txais ntau yam tshiab thiab ntau yam ntawm gooseberries. Cov txiaj ntsig tau dhau los ua qhov txawv tshaj plaw: qhov tsim ntau yam hauv ntau qhov kev hwm tau dhau los ntawm niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv raws li nws qhov kev ua tau zoo.
Kev piav qhia ntawm Bush thiab berries
Beryl Gooseberry yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nruab nrab qhov siab thiab nruab nrab sib kis, tuab tus pos thiab me me ntawm pos thiab me me ntawm pos thiab ib tug me ntawm pos thiab ib tug me ntawm pos thiab ib tug me me ntawm pos thiab ib tug me me ntawm pos thiab ib tug me me ntawm pos thiab cov pos me me, uas yog nyob hauv qis dua ntawm kev tua. Feem ntau lawv "saib" qis, tsis tshua txav deb ntawm cov ceg ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 degrees.
Cov nplooj ntawm Beryl ntau yam yog loj, tsib-lobed, daj ntseg ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, cov npoo ntawm uas yog framed los ntawm elongated hniav. Cov nplooj tsis pubescent, nrog cov nplooj ci ntsa iab.
Gooseberry tua yog nkhaus thiab dai. Cov paj ntawm no ntau yam yog goblet-puab, lawv tsim ob xim inflorescence. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab yog lub teeb ntsuab hauv cov xim, nrog lub ntsej muag du thiab nyias, pob tshab ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Khoom qab zib gooseberries muaj ib tug qab zib saj nrog sourness, muaj ib tug siab tasting tau. Lawv txawv ntawm qhov loj me - txog li 9 g (loj tshaj cherries). Qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, thiab qhov nruab nrab loj yog 4 g. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib vim yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm monosaccharides hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab ascorbic acid thiab ntau lwm cov organic acids muab lawv cov qaub. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm ripening ntawm gooseberry bushes, lawv ua sweeter thiab tau ib tug amber-ntsuab hue.
Cov yam ntxwv dav dav ntawm Beryl gooseberry ntau yam tau nthuav tawm hauv video:
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Beryl ntau yam muaj ntau yam zoo, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo me me, uas tau qhia hauv lub rooj.
pros | cons |
Frost kuj: withstands kub mus rau -38 ° C | tsis zoo rau septoria |
powdery mildew kuj | |
peculiar, tshwj xeeb saj ntawm berries, lawv loj loj | |
siab yield | |
self-fertile (tsis xav tau pollinators) | |
ob peb spikes | |
kev thauj mus los zoo |
nta
Beryl gooseberry yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau qhov ntsuas uas hais txog nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb thiab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm xaiv ntau yam rau kev loj hlob hauv tsev rau lub caij ntuj sov.
productivity
Ib tug neeg laus gooseberry Bush muaj ib tug siab tawm los: nws tsim 3-10 kg ntawm berries ib lub caij. Ntxiv mus, kev sau tuaj yeem pib ntxov li nruab nrab Lub Xya Hli, txij li Beryl belongs rau ntau yam nrog lub sijhawm nruab nrab ripening. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv cov huab cua sib txawv. Cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha nyob ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab hnub nyoog ntawm gooseberry.
Drought thiab lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Gooseberries ntawm no ntau yam yog lub caij ntuj no-hardy, tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, thiab yog li ntawd tsis xav tau vaj tse rau lub caij ntuj no. Beryl yog tsim rau thaj tsam ntawm Urals thiab Western Siberia. Nws yog drought-resistant, muaj peev xwm ciaj sia luv luv lub sij hawm qhuav, tab sis tsis zam dhau noo noo.
Ripening lub sijhawm
Cov berries yog loj thiab muaj ib tug siab tasting tau vim lawv zoo heev saj.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Gooseberries yog resistant rau kab tsuag thiab kab mob, tab sis yog yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm septoria, ib tug kab mob fungal nyob rau hauv uas grey los yog rusty me ntsis nrog ib tug daj ciam teb rau nplooj.
Nrog ib tug muaj zog swb, tua qhuav tawm, nplooj poob los ntawm Bush.
Kev thauj mus los
Txawm tias nyias daim tawv nqaij, berries zam kev thauj mus los zoo, uas yooj yim rau lawv muag hauv ntau thaj tsam. Khaws cia rau ob peb hnub.
loj hlob tej yam kev mob
Beryl tsis tsim tshwj xeeb loj hlob tej yam kev mob rau gooseberries. Nws tuaj yeem cog rau ntawm av nplaum thiab loamy, xuab zeb thiab xuab zeb av. Nws yuav tsis loj hlob ntawm acidic, swampy, txias xau. Nyob rau hauv loams nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm humus, qhov ntau yam muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws fruiting.
Ib qho chaw qhib, qhov chaw zoo yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsaws. Thaum thickening gooseberry hav txwv yeem, thinning yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txhua qhov tua tau muab kev nkag mus rau hnub ci thiab huab cua.
Nws tsis xav tau txoj kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab tsuas yog thaum muaj mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws tus kheej.
Nta ntawm tsaws
Gooseberries yog cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab ntau zaus nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, 3-4 lub lis piam ua ntej pib ntawm Frost kom hloov lub hauv paus system. Xaiv thaj chaw qhib thiab teeb pom kev zoo rau saum toj, qhov chaw uas tsis muaj cua sab qaum teb. Qhov chaw ze ntawm cov dej hauv av tsis tuaj yeem lees txais.
Ua ntej cog, cov av yog npaj rau gooseberries, uas nws yog tsim nyog:
- txo acidity ntawm high pH los ntawm kev ntxiv txiv qaub los yog dolomite hmoov;
- tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thiab khawb;
- lighten hnyav av los ntawm kev ntxiv humus (compost), peat, xuab zeb;
- add 1 m2 Ib lub thoob ntawm humus, 30 g ntawm superphosphate, 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj phosphate thiab ib khob ntawm ntoo tshauv.
Qee zaum cov khoom noj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ntxiv ncaj qha thaum cog. Lawv khawb ib lub qhov 50 × 50, ncuav fertile av rau hauv qab, ua tib zoo muab lub hauv paus system ntawm ib tug Bush ntawm no ntau yam nyob rau saum toj thiab sprinkle nrog lub ntiaj teb, tsis tu ncua trampling nws thiaj li hais tias tsis muaj voids nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Lub hauv paus caj dab tsis tob thiab yog nyob rau saum av theem.
Rau kev cog, 2-xyoo-laus Beryl gooseberry seedlings raug xaiv nrog ib tug tsim hauv paus system thiab lignified keeb kwm mus txog 25 cm. Cov yub yuav tsum ua kom muaj 3-4 muaj zog tua. Ua ntej cog, lawv txiav tawm nplooj thiab shorten lub tua. Cov nroj tsuag cog yog watered abundantly, lub cev lub voj voog yog tsim thiab cov av saum npoo yog mulched.
Cov lus qhia saib xyuas
Txawm hais tias qhov yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas, Beryl ntau yam yuav tsum tau ua raws li ntau yam kev ntsuas agrotechnical.
Pruning ntawm bushes
Yog tsis muaj pruning, Beryl nquag tsim tua, thiab tom qab 2-3 xyoos lub gooseberry Bush yuav thickened heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim tsis muaj khoom noj khoom haus, cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej xaus ntawm lub sij hawm dormant, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txiav tawm cov qub, twisted, kab mob ceg tag. Cov tua ntawm lub xyoo tam sim no yog luv los ntawm ib feem peb, thiab 4 lub zog tshaj plaws yog xaiv thiab sab laug los ntawm cov hauv paus. Los ntawm lub ncov ntawm fruiting (5-7 xyoo), Bush yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm 18-20 ceg ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv.
Txhawj
Beryl gooseberry yog spudded thiab loosened mus txog 5 zaug ib lub caij. Cov txheej txheem no xa huab cua mus rau cov hauv paus hniav thiab tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag. Tom qab nws, cov av nyob rau hauv lub cev lub voj voog yuav tsum tau mulched.
Ntxiv fertilizing
Ib txoj kev tsim nyog, txij li Beryl ntau yam bears txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo tsuas yog nyob rau hauv fertilized av. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias thaum cog rau hauv av nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb, nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos cov av yuav depleted, thiab tawm los yuav poob.
Gooseberries tau noj sequentially:
- Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm Bush yog mulched nrog ib tug as-ham substrate;
- kom txog rau thaum Lub Rau Hli, xav tau nitrogen fertilization kom lub hav txwv yeem loj hlob;
- Beryl gooseberries yog pub nrog cov organic teeb meem: mullein los yog qaib quav;
- Tom qab flowering, gooseberries "nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov" yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv lub poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus, uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm superphosphate thiab poov tshuaj phosphate, infusion ntawm ntoo tshauv (2 hnav khaub ncaws yog txaus kom txog thaum lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav);
- Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost, Bush yog pub nrog 30 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj thiab magnesium phosphate, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab tom qab fruiting.
Dej Tshoob Tawm
Cov dej noo yog tsim nyog rau gooseberries, tab sis Beryl ntau yam tsis zam nws qhov ntau dhau. Kev ywg dej ntau dhau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, kev loj hlob ntawm Bush pib vim yaj dej. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm qhuav, ntxiv watering yog tsim nyog. Dej yog xav tau thaum lub sij hawm flowering thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo teem Beryl. Lub sijhawm kawg gooseberries yog watered thaum 2 lub lis piam nyob twj ywm ua ntej khaws berries. Watering yog ua nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, nws yog undesirable rau ntub nplooj.
Tu tub tu kiv
Txij li thaum Beryl gooseberry belongs rau shrubs, nws propagates nyob rau hauv ib txwm txoj kev rau lawv: cuttings, grafting, faib lub hav txwv yeem. Txhua tus neeg ua teb xaiv txoj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv ib qho xwm txheej.
Kev Pab
Kev them nyiaj yug yog tsim nyog tsis tsuas yog rau tsim ib tug compact Bush, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv ceg thiab stems los ntawm chaw nyob. Nrog kev txhawb nqa zoo, cov ceg yuav tsis tawg thaum muaj cua daj cua dub los yog daus. Kev txhawb pab txhawb kev saib xyuas ntawm gooseberries: mulching, watering, loosening yuav yooj yim dua.
Kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Laus nplooj thiab ceg yuav tsum tau muab sau thiab hlawv, khawb av kom lub caij ntuj no kab tsuag tuag. Thaum khawb, koj yuav tsum tau ua phosphorus thiab potassium ntxiv thiab dej cov gooseberries ntau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov qub tua uas tau mus txog 5 xyoo.
Kev tswj kab mob thiab kab mob
Feem ntau, gooseberries ntawm Beryl ntau yam cuam tshuam rau septoria. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug fungus uas tsim nyob rau hauv nplooj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob qij txha. Tom qab ntawd lawv sib koom ua ke thiab nplooj poob. Tsaus blotches tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw - cov no yog cov kab mob fungal uas, poob rau ntawm berries, kis rau lawv. Tus kab mob no nquag tsim thiab "tawm tsam" ntau yam nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub, thickened gooseberry cog kuj pab rau nws txoj kev loj hlob. Septoria muaj zog heev rau kev sau qoob loo tom ntej.
Tswj kev ntsuas:
- ntxuav thiab hlawv cov nplooj gooseberry poob;
- khawb av;
- thinning thickened ceg;
- daim ntawv thov chiv, uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- kev kho mob nrog tshuaj antifungal.
Ntawm cov kab tsuag, Beryl gooseberry hav txwv yeem feem ntau tuaj xyuas los ntawm aphids, npauj, thiab sawflies. Nrog rau kev tshawb pom raws sij hawm, nws txaus los kho cov hav txwv yeem nrog cov hmoov tshauv-xiav tshuaj daws lossis Bordeaux sib tov.
xaus
Gooseberry Beryl, ua tsaug rau ntau qhov zoo, tau pom ntau tus neeg qhuas-tus neeg ua teb uas loj hlob hauv lawv cov vaj tsev thiab txaus siab rau cov qoob loo nplua nuj thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab tau los ntawm berries.