Calvados

Hauj lwm

Calvados (FR. Calvados) yog haus cawv raws li Pear lossis Apple cider, tsim tawm hauv Fab Kis xeev ntawm qis dua Normandy. Cov dej haus yog ib chav kawm ntawm brandy thiab muaj lub zog kwv yees li 40-50.

Lub npe "Calvados" tsuas yog cov dej haus tau tsim hauv Fabkis thaj chaw ntawm Calvados (74% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom lag luam), Orne, Manche, Eure, Sarthe thiab Mayenne.

Hauv cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg ntawm Gilles de Gouberville, peb tuaj yeem pom thawj qhov hais txog ntawm cov dej haus no thiab lawv tau koom nrog 1533. Nws tau piav qhia txog thev naus laus zis ntawm distilling Apple cider hauv cov dej qab zib. Peb ntseeg tias txij li lub sijhawm ntawd, Calvados pib yeej lub siab ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm cov dej qab zib zoo.

Hauv xyoo 1741, tsab ntawv tau pom zoo "Kev Tso Cai Sib Koom Tes" uas tswj hwm cov dej num ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv zej zog los ntawm cov cider. Tsis tas li ntawd raws li cov ntaub ntawv, cov dej haus no tau txais nws lub npe tom qab lub npe ntawm Spanish nkoj El Calvador, uas tau khiav ze rau ntawm ntug dej channel, thiab txhais cov ntawv thov rau cov dej haus no.

Vim tias cov huab cua zoo li cas - lub cheeb tsam ntawm Fabkis tau muab txiaj ntsig zoo heev ntawm Apple thiab Pear. Muaj ntau dua ib txhiab ntau yam ntawm cov txiv apples thiab lawv cov hybrids. Txog niaj hnub no, tsoomfwv tsuas tswj tsuas yog 48 ntau yam rau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov nyom rau Calvados.

Ntau ntau qib:

1. Fermentation ntawm Kua pulp. Kev tsim tawm ntawm Calvados neeg bred qhov feem pua ​​zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hom kua thiab pear - qhov no yog sib xyaw ntawm 40% kua txiv qab zib, 40% iab ntau yam thiab 20% pears thiab kua txiv qaub. Cov txheej txheem fermentation kav rau tsib lub lis piam.
2. Distillation ntawm fermented loj. Lawv tuav ib lossis ob qhov kev sib xyaw hauv cov tooj liab tseem ceeb alambics thiab cov cuab yeej siv rau kev txuas ntxiv mus tas li. Cawv muaj lub zog kwv yees li 60-70. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Calvados tau txais nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv alambic.
3. Tshaj TawmCov. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tshem tawm lawv nchuav rau hauv cov pob tawb ntoo ntawm 200-250 litres. Ntoo rau cov kas poom yog ntawm Fabkis keeb kwm. Kev laus ntawm cov dej cawv kav ntev ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom - 2-10 xyoo lossis ntau dua.

Haus Caw

Ua raws lub sijhawm ntawm kev laus, lub Calvados muaj qhov xim tsaus ntuj amber xim thiab tsw. Lub sijhawm ntawm cov laus ntawm cov neeg haus cawv qhia rau ntawm daim ntawv lo nrog cov cim tshwj xeeb:

• Nplua - los ntawm 2 xyoos;
• Vieux-Tseg Tseg - lub sijhawm 3 xyoos;
• VO (Heev Qub), VSOP (Heev Superior Qub Pale) - laus Calvados ntau dua 4 xyoos;
• XO (Ntxiv Qub), Ntxiv - kev loj hlob hauv cov thawv los ntawm 6 xyoo;
• Hnub nyoog 12, 15 xyoo - kev laus tsis yog tsawg dua li teev tseg rau ntawm daim ntawv lo;
• Xyoo 1946, 1973 - qhov tshwj tsis zoo, tsis tshua muaj nqi thiab xim voos Calvados.

Muaj cov twb tshaj ntawm 10 txhiab Tus tsim ntawm Calvados. Cov chaw tsim khoom muaj npe nyob rau Fabkis yog Lecompte, Pere Magloire, Roger Groult, Christian Drouin, Boulard.

Cwj pwm zoo. Kev siv cov dej haus tshiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua rau lub siab, thiab cov neeg laus - raws li lub plab zom mov, thiab thaum hloov tais diav thaum Lub Rooj Sib Tham.