txheem
- Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog kev pom
- Vim li cas qhov muag tsis pom kev
- Hom kab mob qhov muag
- 10 Txoj Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws Kom Txhim Kho Qhov Muag Tsis Muaj Cov iav hauv Tsev
- 1. Cov khoom siv tshuaj
- 2. Txo qhov muag qhov muag
- 3. Khoom noj kom zoo
- 4. qoj ib ce rau qhov muag
- 5. Cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv
- 6. Massage ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam-caj dab cheeb tsam
- 7. Kev pw tsaug zog zoo thiab ua haujlwm txhua hnub
- 8. Tsis kam lees tus cwj pwm phem
- 9. Kev siv lub cev tawm
- 10. Hnav looj tsom iav dub
- Cov kws kho mob cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho qhov muag hauv tsev
- Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb
Lub zeem muag yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tib neeg lub siab, yog li txo nws txoj kev ntse tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub neej zoo. Cia peb xav seb koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj qhov muag pom hauv tsev thiab qhov koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov kom koj lub qhov muag noj qab nyob zoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog kev pom
| Diopters | Kev pom tseeb tseeb |
| Tshaj +5 | high degree hyperopia |
| Los ntawm + 2 mus rau + 5 | nruab nrab hyperopia |
| Mus txog +2 | me me hypermetropia |
| 1 | tsis pom kev |
| Tsawg dua -3 | mob myopia |
| Los ntawm -3 mus rau -6 | nruab nrab myopia |
| Tshaj -6 | siab myopia |
Lub zeem muag zoo ib txwm txhais los ntawm tus lej "1". Yog tias qhov pom kev tsis pom kev ploj, ces tus neeg yuav muaj hypermetropia, uas yog, kev pom deb, lossis myopia - myopia.
Vim li cas qhov muag tsis pom kev
Ib tug neeg lub zeem muag tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo vim muaj ntau yam thiab ntau yam. Qhov no suav nrog kev xeeb tub, thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev (piv txwv li, vim kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm lub khoos phis tawj), thiab qee yam kab mob (xws li hnub nyoog ntsig txog), thiab ntau yam kab mob. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd nrog kev txo qis ntawm qhov muag pom. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov muag tsis pom kev yuav tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam kab mob txaus ntshai uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog lub qhov muag.
Piv txwv li, qhov pom kev tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo vim muaj ntshav qab zib.1 (diabetic retinopathy), vascular, endocrine, connective cov ntaub so ntswg thiab paj hlwb kab mob.
Hom kab mob qhov muag
Cov kab mob qhov muag muaj ntau heev. Raws li Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, txhua tus neeg laus muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho teeb meem tsis pom kev. Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, 2,2 billion tus neeg nyob nrog qee hom kev tsis pom kev lossis qhov muag tsis pom. Ntawm cov no, tsawg kawg yog 1 billion tus neeg muaj qhov tsis pom kev uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis kho.2.
Tej yam mob qhov muag uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev
Cuag suav
Cataracts yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm clouding ntawm lub lens ntawm lub qhov muag, uas tuaj yeem ua rau ib nrab lossis ua tiav qhov muag tsis pom. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cataracts nce nrog hnub nyoog, kev raug mob thiab kab mob qhov muag inflammatory. Cov pab pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo tseem suav nrog cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab kab mob plawv, haus cawv, haus luam yeeb.
Qhov no yog kev puas tsuaj rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub retina, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws pom. Qhov teeb meem tshwm sim hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, duab ntxoov ntxoo, lossis cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis pom kev hauv nruab nrab. Qhov txaus ntshai yog cov neeg laus.
Clouding ntawm cornea
Feem ntau ua rau pob txha opacity yog inflammatory thiab kis kab mob qhov muag (xws li, keratitis, trachoma), qhov muag raug mob, teeb meem tom qab phais ntawm lub cev, congenital thiab genetic pathologies.
gLAUCOMA
Glaucoma yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov paj hlwb uas tuaj yeem ua rau dig muag mus tas li. Tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg laus.
Mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy
Qhov no yog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha hauv retina ntawm lub qhov muag uas tshwm sim nrog ntshav qab zib mellitus. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no tshwm sim nrog kev mob ntshav qab zib ntev ntev thiab, yog tias tsis kho, tuaj yeem ua rau dig muag tag.
Refraction anomalies
Refractive yuam kev yog qhov pom kev tsis pom kev uas nws nyuaj rau kom pom meej cov duab los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Cov no yog hom kho qhov muag tsis xws luag: lawv suav nrog hyperopia, myopia thiab astigmatism.
Trachoma
Qhov no yog kab mob ntawm lub qhov muag, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub cornea thiab conjunctiva. Trachoma yog tshwm sim los ntawm clouding ntawm lub cornea, tsis pom kev, caws pliav. Nrog rau tus kab mob rov tshwm sim tau ntau xyoo, lub volvulus ntawm daim tawv muag tsim - cov plaub muag tuaj yeem tig mus rau sab hauv. Tus kab mob ua rau dig muag.
10 Txoj Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws Kom Txhim Kho Qhov Muag Tsis Muaj Cov iav hauv Tsev
1. Cov khoom siv tshuaj
Muaj ntau yam tshuaj los txhim kho kev pom, txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau siv raws li kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Hauv cov khw muag tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov tee los so cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag, ntxiv dag zog rau retina, nrog rau cov dej noo noo.
2. Txo qhov muag qhov muag
Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, kws kho qhov muag pom zoo qhia kom so luv luv txhua 20-30 feeb. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau nyeem thiab sau ntawv zoo - txoj cai no feem ntau siv rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
3. Khoom noj kom zoo
Qhov tsis muaj qee yam kab hauv cov khoom noj tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis pom kev.3. Cov zaub mov nplua nuj nyob hauv cov vitamins A thiab C, nrog rau omega fatty acids, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev pom. Cov no suav nrog carrots, blueberries, broccoli, salmon zaub, qe, kua txob qab zib, pob kws, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab txiv ntoo.
4. qoj ib ce rau qhov muag
Muaj ntau ntau yam kev tawm dag zog. Qhov no feem ntau blinking, thiab daim tawv muag zaws, thiab tsom rau cov khoom nyob ze thiab nyob deb, thiab ncig lub qhov muag.
- Gymnastics rau lub qhov muag muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lwm cov leeg ntawm lub cev. Thaum koj tsom mus rau ib qho khoom ze, cov leeg hauv qhov muag tenses, thiab nws so thaum koj saib mus rau qhov deb. Yog li ntawd, rau cov neeg uas ua hauj lwm rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm nyob ze ntawm cov gadgets, uas yog txuam nrog rau cov kev lag luam IT, nws yog tsim nyog los alternated nyob deb thiab ze tsom. Nco ntsoov saib mus rau qhov deb tsawg kawg yog ob peb feeb hauv ib teev, - qhia tus kws kho mob ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb, kws kho qhov muag-tus kws phais mob, kws tshaj lij ntawm Tus Kws Kho Mob TV channel Tatyana Shilova.
5. Cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv
Qee zaum, ib chav kawm ntawm cov vitamins B, E, C, A raug tshuaj rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kho qhov muag kab mob. Vitamin complexes tej zaum yuav muaj contraindications, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem cov lus qhia, los yog zoo dua, nrog ib tug kws kho mob.
6. Massage ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam-caj dab cheeb tsam
Txoj kev no yuav pab txhim kho cov ntshav ncig, rov ua kom cov ntshav khiav zoo, thiab cov kua dej tawm. Kev zaws ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam-caj dab cheeb tsam kuj zoo dua rau kev tso siab rau tus kws tshaj lij.
7. Kev pw tsaug zog zoo thiab ua haujlwm txhua hnub
Kev so zoo pab ua kom cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub retina, uas yuav ua rau tsis pom kev zoo thiab pab tswj nws qhov ntse. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom pw 7-9 teev ib hmos.
8. Tsis kam lees tus cwj pwm phem
Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau qeeb cov metabolism hauv lub cev, yog li cov kab mob tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag tsis ncav cuag lawv. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cataracts, qhov muag qhuav syndrome, teeb meem ntawm lub paj hlwb, thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Kev pom ntawm qhov muag rau cov pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev lossis tsis pom kev.
9. Kev siv lub cev tawm
Cov leeg nqaij spasms nyob rau hauv cov nqaj qaum thiab hauv caj dab tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub qhov muag. Kev ua si lub cev thiab kev taug kev tsis tu ncua hauv huab cua ntshiab pab ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg nqaij corset, ua kom cov ntshav txaus thiab xa cov khoom noj rau cov leeg uas tswj txoj haujlwm ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag, uas yog lub luag haujlwm tswj kev ua kom pom kev pom.4.
10. Hnav looj tsom iav dub
Cov looj tsom iav kom zoo tiv thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag los ntawm cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cornea thiab retina puas. Cov looj tsom iav dub txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob qhov muag loj thiab tseem yuav pab koj kom koj lub zeem muag pom tseeb thiab ntse hauv tsev.
Cov kws kho mob cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho qhov muag hauv tsev
Raws li Tatyana Shilova, qee zaum, qhov kev tawm dag zog qhov muag pab txhim kho qhov muag pom. Kev tawm dag zog kom pom kev pom ntawm cov khoom nyob ze yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub computer thiab feem ntau siv gadgets.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist-surgeon tau pom zoo tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tau tso tseg raws li txoj hauv kev los kho qhov muag.
- Txoj kev nyab xeeb dua los kho yog tsom iav. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib lub lens tiv tauj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev yog ib txwm txaus ntshai kab mob, dystrophic hloov thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Ophthalmologists, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ophthalmologist-surgeons uas ua laser pom kev kho (hnub no phenomenally ceev, nyob rau hauv 25 vib nas this), hais tias hnav looj tsom iav dub tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los kho. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij muab cov neeg siv cov lo ntsiab muag thiab xav txuag nyiaj los kho laser, ntxiv Tatyana Shilova.
Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb
Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug nrov txog kev tsis pom kev MD, ophthalmologist-surgeon Tatiana Shilova thiab ophthalmologist ntawm European Medical Center Natalia Bosha.
Dab tsi ua rau koj qhov muag tsis pom kev zoo tshaj plaws?
Qhov thib ob uas cuam tshuam rau kev pom yog cov noob caj noob ces. Yog hais tias muaj ib tug genetic predisposition rau myopia, farsightedness, astigmatism, ces peb kis tau nws los ntawm qub txeeg qub teg.
Qhov thib peb yam yog concomitant kab mob: ntshav qab zib, vascular atherosclerosis, kub siab. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog tag nrho cov kab mob hauv peb lub cev, tab sis kuj yog lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, - hais tias Tatyana Shilova.
- Ib qho ntawm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov pom kev ntawm qhov ze. Txhua yam ze dua 35-40 centimeters yog suav tias yog qhov ze. Qhov deb ntawm qhov kev ncua deb, qhov yooj yim dua, nws yooj yim dua rau lub qhov muag, - hais txog Natalia Bosha.
Lub zeem muag tuaj yeem rov qab los yam tsis muaj kev phais?
Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo (piv txwv li, ib qho overstrain ntawm cov leeg nqaij intraocular lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsom mus rau "nyob ze") lossis kev ua txhaum ntawm lub qhov muag nrog qhov cuam tshuam "qhov muag qhuav", tom qab ntawd qhov muag tuaj yeem yog ib feem los yog rov qab ua kom tiav siv txoj kev kho mob. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev, "Tatiana Shilova teb.
- Nrog rau kev thauj khoom ntev ntev, qhov hu ua spasm ntawm kev pab cuam tuaj yeem txhim kho, thaum lub lens ntawm lub qhov muag tsis tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov pom deb thiab ze. Spasm ntawm kev pab txhim kho qhov tshwm sim ntawm myopia lossis provokes nws cov tsos. Qhov no yog hu ua cuav myopia. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub zeem muag tuaj yeem rov qab los yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev phais. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob nrog tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist, siv cov tee tshwj xeeb, ua kev tawm dag zog kom so thiab ua kom cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag. Hauv qhov no, lub zeem muag tuaj yeem rov qab los, "Natalia Bosha ntxiv.
Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm kev kho qhov muag laser?
- Tom qab kho laser, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus neeg mob ua raws qee cov lus pom zoo. Qhov no yuav zam cov teeb meem tom qab phais. Piv txwv li, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau siv cov tee tshwj xeeb tom qab phais, rau ib lub lim tiam kom tsis txhob ua si kis las, mus rau hauv pas dej ua ke, da dej thiab sauna. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb thib ob tom qab kho laser: lub lim tiam nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsis txhob raug mob thiab muaj zog tiv tauj, hais txog Natalia Bosha.
Ntev npaum li cas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho qhov muag pom kev laser kav ntev npaum li cas?
Txoj haujlwm no tau ua tiav rau ntau tshaj 30 xyoo. Muaj cov neeg mob uas qhov cuam tshuam tau ntev dua 30 xyoo. Tau kawg, qee zaum muaj kev hloov pauv me ntsis tom qab 15-20 xyoo txij li hnub ua haujlwm. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no tau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas pib siab myopia (-7 thiab siab dua), - ntxiv Natalia Bosha.
Qhov chaw ntawm:
- Shadrichev FE Diabetic retinopathy (kev xav ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag). Mob ntshav qab zib. 2008; 11(3): 8-11. https://doi.org/10.14341/2072-0351-5349.
- World report on vision [World report on vision]. Geneva: Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv; 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/328717/9789240017207-rus.pdf
- Ivanova AA Kev Kawm thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Kev txawj ntse muaj peev xwm ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI: theem ntawm kev paub. Xyoo 2016: 22.
- Ivanova AA Kev Kawm thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Kev txawj ntse muaj peev xwm ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI: theem ntawm kev paub. Xyoo 2016: 23.