Retinal kev ua haujlwm
Retinal detachment tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev, thiab yog tias tsis kho, qhov muag tsis pom. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kuaj xyuas tus kab mob sai li sai tau - thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Peb yuav qhia koj tias nws yog tus kab mob dab tsi, nws ua rau, kho thiab kuaj mob

Dab tsi yog retinal detachment

- Retinal detachment yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau tsis pom kev thiab tsis pom kev. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub retina, nyob rau hauv uas cov kua dej intraocular pib ntws, los yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug traction syndrome, thaum muaj kev loj hlob ntawm lub vitreous lub cev thiab lub retina, thiab lub vitreous lub cev pib rub. , ua rau xws li detachment. Tsis tas li ntawd, retinal detachment tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias muaj cov ntshav hauv qab nws, cov qog twb yog qhov thib ob detachment, hais tias. Tus neeg sib tw ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Kho Mob, ophthalmologist ntawm qeb siab tshaj Natalya Voroshilova.

Raws li tus kws kho mob tau piav qhia, detachment tuaj yeem yog thawj thiab thib ob. Thawj pathology hu ua, nyob rau hauv uas detachment yog preceded los ntawm ib tug rupture, ua raws li los ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv lub retina thiab detachment ntawm no tseem ceeb tshaj plaws membrane ntawm lub qhov muag. Secondary detachment txhim kho raws li ib tug teeb meem ntawm txhua yam pathological txheej txheem - piv txwv li, vim lub tsos ntawm ib tug neoplasm ntawm lub retina thiab vascular daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag.

Muaj ntau ntau hom fiber ntau detachment:

  • rhematogenous (txhais tau tias rupture) - nws tshwm sim vim rupture ntawm lub retina;
  • traction - tshwm sim vim qhov nro ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm sab ntawm lub cev vitreous;
  • exudative - tshwm sim thaum cov kua dej nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw hauv qab retina, thiab vascular permeability nce;
  • sib xyaw - piv txwv li, traction-rhegmatogenous hom, nyob rau hauv uas qhov sib txawv yog tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm traction ntawm lub vitreous lub cev.

Cov ua rau ntawm retinal detachment

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob yog rupture ntawm retina. Los ntawm qhov sib txawv tsim, kua dej los ntawm lub cev vitreous nkag mus rau hauv qab retina thiab exfoliates los ntawm choroid. Ntawd yog, muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev vitreous thaum nws lub xeev hloov pauv.

Retinal so kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum nws thinned. Cov kua muag loj feem ntau tshwm sim nrog qhov muag raug mob. Ophthalmologists kuj tau sau tseg tias fiber ntau detachment tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas tsis pom kev zoo thiab hauv cov neeg uas tsis tau muaj teeb meem qhov muag. Cov laj thawj tuaj yeem yog kev tawm dag zog lub cev ntau dhau thiab muaj zog tuav lub cev thaum dhia thiab ntog. Nws raug pom zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm lub cev thiab lub zeem muag kom tsis txhob plam kev tiv thaiv kev teem sijhawm nrog tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas lawv qhov muag.

Cov tsos mob ntawm retinal detachment

Thaum xub thawj, tus kab mob nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg yog asymptomatic, yav tom ntej, retinal detachment ntawm lub qhov muag yuav qhia tau hais tias:

  • qhov tsos ntawm "daim ntaub thaiv" ua ntej lub qhov muag;
  • flashes nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sparks thiab xob laim;
  • distortion ntawm cov ntawv txiav txim siab, cov khoom, poob tawm ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm lawv tus kheej ntu.

Qee cov neeg mob kuj nco ntsoov tias qhov muag tsis pom kev tom qab pw tsaug zog. Qhov tseeb yog tias nrog txoj hauj lwm kab rov tav ntawm lub cev, lub retina rov qab los rau nws qhov chaw, thiab thaum ib tug neeg sawv ntsug, uas yog, siv txoj hauj lwm ntsug, nws rov txav deb ntawm choroid thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev rov pib dua.

Kev kho ntawm retinal detachment

Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj cov tshuaj ua khawv koob thiab cov tee tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob retina. Qhov kev xaiv tsuas yog sab laug yog phais. Raws li cov kws kho mob, qhov kev ua haujlwm sai dua, qhov ntau dua yuav rov ua kom pom kev thiab txuag lub qhov muag.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tus kws phais yuav tsum kuaj xyuas cov kua muag retinal, kaw nws thiab tsim kom muaj zog adhesion ntawm vascular thiab retinal membranes.

diagnostics

Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas cov kab mob retina, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob ophthalmologist. Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas qhov pom kev pom, tshuaj xyuas qhov kev pom, ua qhov kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb electrophysiological los txiav txim siab qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov paj hlwb ntawm retina thiab optic paj hlwb. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem ua txoj kev tshawb fawb siv ultrasound txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm lub retina thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev vitreous thiab tshuaj xyuas cov fundus (ophthalmoscopy) kom raug txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm lub retinal so thiab lawv tus lej.

Tsuas yog tom qab cov txiaj ntsig tau ua tiav lawm, tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev phais mob twg yog qhov tsim nyog rau tus neeg mob.

Kev kho mob niaj hnub

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev phais, tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv ib qho ntawm lawv nyob ntawm seb hom detachment tshwj xeeb.

  • Local filling. Nws yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm retinal rupture nyob rau hauv cov rooj plaub thaum nws tau detached ib feem;
  • Circular filling. Nws yog siv rau qhov mob hnyav dua thaum lub retina tau tshem tawm tag nrho thiab muaj ntau yam tawg;
  • Vitrectomy. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev uas lub cev hloov pauv vitreous raug tshem tawm ntawm lub qhov muag thiab ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tsim nyog tau txhaj tshuaj ntxiv: saline, kua silicone, perfluorocarbon compound nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kua, los yog ib tug tshwj xeeb gas uas nias lub retina tiv thaiv lub retina. choroid los ntawm sab hauv;
  • Laser coagulation los yog cryopexy kom txwv qhov chaw ntawm rupture thiab thinned cheeb tsam ntawm lub retina;
  • Retinopexy. Nws yog ua los ntawm kev siv tshwj xeeb sapphire micronails los kho cov ntug torn ntawm lub retina nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws loj heev so.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm retinal detachment nyob hauv tsev

Retinal detachment yog ib qho teeb meem txaus ntshai ntawm myopia, nrog rau hnub nyoog ntsig txog lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm lub qhov muag. Tib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv tus kab mob yog mus ntsib kws kho mob hauv lub sijhawm rau kev tsis txaus siab thiab tsis txhob plam kev tiv thaiv.

Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias txawm tias tom qab kev phais kho mob ntawm qhov muag pom, rov tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Yog tias koj twb tau ntsib cov teeb meem zoo li no thiab tsis xav rov ntsib dua, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xyuas cov retina los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thoob plaws los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, tiv thaiv laser coagulation ntawm retina.

Ophthalmologists kuj qhia cov poj niam cev xeeb tub kom saib xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob - rau tag nrho cev xeeb tub tsawg kawg yog ob zaug, thaum pib thiab thaum kawg ntawm cev xeeb tub. Tom qab yug me nyuam, leej niam yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag tsis pub dhau 1-3 lub hlis tom qab lawv.

Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb

Comments Natalia Voroshilova, PhD, ophthalmologist ntawm qeb siab tshaj:

Dab tsi yog cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tshem tawm ntawm tes?

Kev kho mob ntawm cellular detachment yuav tsum tau ua, qhov sai dua qhov zoo dua. Yog hais tias nws muaj peev xwm kuaj tau nyob rau theem ntawm retinal rupture los yog rupture ntawm lub zos detachment, ces txwv laser coagulation yog ua tiav. Yog hais tias lub detachment yog loj dua, thiab lub laser tsis tuaj yeem tiv tau lawm, ces lawv mus rau kev kho mob microsurgical - lawv siv cov filling los yog phais nrog kev qhia txog silicone, hnyav gases.

Tus kab mob puas tuaj yeem ua asymptomatic?

Tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cov theem thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob yog asymptomatic. Cov tsos mob ntxov tshaj plaws yog floater ua ntej lub qhov muag, thiab yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob. Thaum nws pib loj hlob zoo, tus neeg mob pom ib daim ntaub grey nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws sab.

Sau ntawv cia Ncua