Koj tuaj yeem txaus siab kev tshaib kev nqhis yooj yim nrog yuav luag txhua yam khoom noj, tab sis kev ntshaw rau ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem kho peb ntawm qee yam khoom kom txog rau thaum peb tswj hwm noj nws.
Peb feem coob paub tias nws zoo li cas rau kev noj zaub mov. Feem ntau, kev ntshaw tshwm sim rau cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie ntau ntau, yog li lawv cuam tshuam nrog qhov hnyav nce thiab nce hauv lub cev qhov ntsuas.
Nws yog dav ntseeg tias kev xav noj zaub mov yog peb lub cev txoj kev qhia rau peb tias peb tsis muaj cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb, thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, qhov kev ntshaw yog qhov qhia tias tus menyuam xav tau dab tsi. Tab sis puas yog tiag tiag?
Feem ntau ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev ntshaw zaub mov tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam ua rau - thiab lawv feem ntau yog kev puas siab puas ntsws.
kev cai txias
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1900s, Lavxias teb sab kws tshawb fawb Ivan Pavlov pom tau hais tias dev tos rau kev kho mob nyob rau hauv teb rau tej yam stimuli txuam nrog lub sij hawm pub mis. Nyob rau hauv cov kev sim nto moo, Pavlov qhia dev tias lub suab ntawm lub tswb txhais tau tias lub sijhawm pub mis.
Raws li John Apolzan, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev kho cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov metabolism hauv Pennington Center rau Biomedical Research, ntau qhov kev ntshaw zaub mov tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm ib puag ncig koj nyob hauv.
"Yog tias koj ib txwm noj paj kws thaum koj pib saib koj cov yeeb yaj kiab TV uas koj nyiam, koj cov paj kws paj kws yuav nce thaum koj pib saib nws," nws hais.
Anna Konova, tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Txiav Txim Siab Neuroscience Laboratory ntawm Rutgers University hauv New Jersey, sau tseg tias kev xav qab zib ib nrab hnub yuav tshwm sim ntau dua yog tias koj ua haujlwm.
Yog li, kev xav tau feem ntau yog vim qee qhov cues sab nraud, tsis yog vim peb lub cev xav tau ib yam dab tsi.
Chocolate yog ib qho kev xav ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob, uas txhawb kev sib cav tias kev ntshaw tsis yog vim kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, vim tias chocolate tsis muaj ntau ntawm cov as-ham uas peb yuav tsis txaus.
Nws yog feem ntau sib cav hais tias chocolate yog ib yam khoom uas muaj siab vim nws muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm phenylethylamine, ib tug molecule uas taw qhia lub hlwb kom tso cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig dopamine thiab serotonin. Tab sis ntau lwm yam khoom noj uas peb tsis xav tau ntau zaus, nrog rau cov khoom noj siv mis, muaj ntau dua ntawm cov molecule no. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum peb noj cov qhob noom xim kasfes, cov enzymes zom phenylethylamine kom nws tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb hauv cov nyiaj tseem ceeb.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov poj niam muaj ob npaug ntau dua yuav xav tau chocolate li txiv neej, thiab feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim ua ntej thiab thaum cev xeeb tub. Thiab thaum cov ntshav poob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qee yam khoom noj tsis txaus, xws li hlau, cov kws tshawb fawb nco ntsoov tias chocolate yuav tsis rov qab qib hlau sai li cov nqaij liab lossis cov nplooj ntsuab tsaus.
Ib tug yuav xav tias yog tias muaj cov nyhuv hormonal ncaj qha ua rau muaj kev lom zem rau cov qhob noom xim kasfes thaum lub sij hawm los yog ua ntej kev coj khaub ncaws, qhov kev ntshaw yuav txo qis tom qab lub cev tsis muaj zog. Tab sis ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tsuas yog txo qis me me ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm chocolate cravings hauv cov poj niam postmenopausal.
Nws muaj ntau dua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm PMS thiab chocolate cravings yog kab lis kev cai. Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias cov poj niam yug los sab nraum Teb Chaws Asmeskas tsis tshua muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog chocolate cravings nrog lawv cov kev coj khaub ncaws thiab muaj kev xav ntawm chocolate tsawg dua piv rau cov neeg yug hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas thiab cov neeg tsiv teb thib ob.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sib cav hais tias cov poj niam tuaj yeem koom nrog chocolate nrog kev coj khaub ncaws vim lawv ntseeg tias nws yog kab lis kev cai rau lawv noj "tso cai" cov zaub mov thaum lub sijhawm thiab ua ntej lawv lub sijhawm. Raws li lawv, muaj "qhov zoo tshaj plaws" ntawm poj niam kev zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv Western kab lis kev cai uas ua rau muaj kev xav tias muaj zog craving rau chocolate yuav tsum muaj kev ncaj ncees.
Lwm tsab xov xwm sib cav hais tias kev xav noj zaub mov yog txuam nrog kev xav tsis zoo lossis kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev xav noj thiab kev xav tswj kev noj zaub mov. Qhov no tsim ib qho teeb meem nyuaj, raws li kev xav noj zaub mov muaj zog tau ua rau muaj kev xav tsis zoo.
Yog tias cov neeg uas txwv lawv tus kheej rau zaub mov kom poob phaus txaus siab los ntawm kev noj cov khoom noj uas xav tau, lawv xav tias tsis zoo vim qhov kev xav tias lawv ua txhaum txoj cai noj zaub mov.
Nws yog paub los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev soj ntsuam soj ntsuam uas tsis zoo mus ob peb vas tsuas yog nce ib tug neeg noj zaub mov kom tsawg thiab txawm provoke overeating. Cov qauv no muaj me ntsis ua rau kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom noj lossis kev tshaib kev nqhis ntawm lub cev. Hloov chaw, lawv yog cov kev cai uas peb ua txog zaub mov thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev rhuav tshem lawv.
Kev tshawb fawb tseem qhia tau hais tias txawm hais tias kev quav tshuaj chocolate muaj ntau nyob rau sab hnub poob, nws tsis yog txhua yam hauv ntau lub tebchaws sab hnub tuaj. Kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev ntseeg ntawm ntau yam khoom noj uas tau sib txuas lus thiab nkag siab—tsuas yog ob feem peb ntawm cov lus muaj ib lo lus rau kev ntshaw, thiab feem ntau cov lus ntawd tsuas yog hais txog tshuaj, tsis yog zaub mov.
Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov lus uas muaj analogues rau lo lus "kev ntshaw", tseem tsis muaj kev pom zoo rau qhov nws yog. Konova sib cav tias qhov no cuam tshuam kev nkag siab yuav ua li cas kov yeej kev ntshaw, txij li peb tuaj yeem sau npe ntau yam txheej txheem raws li kev ntshaw.
Manipulation ntawm microbes
Muaj pov thawj tias ntau lab tus kab mob hauv peb lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau peb xav tau thiab noj yam lawv xav tau - thiab nws tsis yog qhov peb lub cev xav tau.
“Microbes saib xyuas lawv tus kheej nyiam. Thiab lawv ua tau zoo, "hais tias Athena Aktipis, tus pab xibfwb ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm Arizona State University.
"Cov kab mob plab hnyuv, uas muaj sia nyob zoo tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg lub cev, ua kom muaj zog dua nrog txhua tiam neeg tshiab. Lawv muaj qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pauv uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam peb ntau dua los ua kom peb pub lawv raws li lawv lub siab nyiam, "nws hais.
Cov kab mob sib txawv hauv peb lub plab nyiam qhov chaw sib txawv - ntau dua lossis tsawg dua acidic, piv txwv li - thiab yam peb noj cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob hauv lub plab thiab cov xwm txheej uas cov kab mob nyob. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau peb noj yam lawv xav tau ntau txoj hauv kev.
Lawv tuaj yeem xa cov cim ntawm lub plab mus rau lub hlwb los ntawm peb cov hlab ntsha vagus thiab ua rau peb tsis zoo yog tias peb tsis noj ib yam khoom txaus, lossis ua rau peb zoo siab thaum peb noj yam lawv xav tau los ntawm kev tso cov neurotransmitters xws li dopamine. thiab serotonin. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau peb cov buds kom peb noj ntau dua ntawm cov khoom noj.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau tuaj yeem ntes cov txheej txheem no, Actipis hais tias, tab sis lub tswv yim yog los ntawm lawv txoj kev nkag siab txog qhov microbes coj li cas.
"Muaj kev xav tias microbiome yog ib feem ntawm peb, tab sis yog tias koj muaj kab mob sib kis, koj yuav hais tias microbes tawm tsam koj lub cev, thiab tsis yog ib feem ntawm nws," Aktipis hais. "Koj lub cev tuaj yeem raug coj los ntawm microbiome phem."
"Tab sis yog tias koj noj cov zaub mov uas muaj cov carbohydrates thiab fiber ntau, koj yuav muaj ntau hom microbiome hauv koj lub cev," Aktipis hais. "Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum pib: kev noj zaub mov noj qab haus huv ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv microbiome, uas ua rau koj xav tau zaub mov noj qab haus huv."
Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau ntawm kev ntshaw
Peb lub neej yog tag nrho ntawm cov khoom noj craving ua rau, xws li kev tshaj tawm hauv social media thiab duab, thiab nws tsis yooj yim los zam lawv.
"Txawm peb mus qhov twg, peb pom kev tshaj tawm rau cov khoom uas muaj suab thaj ntau, thiab lawv ib txwm nkag tau yooj yim. Qhov kev tawm tsam tas mus li ntawm kev tshaj tawm no cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb - thiab tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov khoom no ua rau muaj kev xav rau lawv, "hais tias Avena.
Txij li thaum txoj kev ua neej hauv nroog tsis tso cai zam tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom kawm txog yuav ua li cas peb tuaj yeem kov yeej tus qauv kev ntshaw uas siv cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse.
Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov txheej txheem kev mloog zoo, xws li kev paub txog kev ntshaw thiab tsis txhob txiav txim siab cov kev xav, tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev ntshaw tag nrho.
Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev ntshaw yog tshem tawm cov khoom noj uas ua rau kev ntshaw ntawm peb cov khoom noj - tsis yog qhov kev xav tias peb xav tau yam peb lub cev xav tau.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua qhov kev sim ob xyoos uas lawv tau sau tseg rau txhua tus ntawm 300 tus neeg koom nrog ib qho ntawm plaub yam khoom noj uas muaj ntau hom rog, protein, thiab carbohydrates thiab ntsuas lawv cov zaub mov cravings thiab noj zaub mov. Thaum cov neeg koom pib noj tsawg dua ntawm qee yam zaub mov, lawv xav tau tsawg dua.
Cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias kom txo qis kev ntshaw, tib neeg yuav tsum tsuas yog noj cov zaub mov uas xav tau tsawg dua, tej zaum vim tias peb nco txog cov khoom noj ntawd ploj mus dhau sijhawm.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo tias yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los txheeb xyuas thiab nkag siab txog kev ntshaw thiab tsim txoj hauv kev los kov yeej cov lus teb uas cuam tshuam nrog cov zaub mov tsis zoo. Lub caij no, muaj ntau lub tswv yim uas qhia tias kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb cov zaub mov, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb txoj kev ntshaw.