Barotraumatic otitis yog kev raug mob rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm pob ntseg los ntawm kev hloov hauv siab. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg, hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo thiab cov tsos mob ntawm vestibular. Nyob ntawm cov tsos mob, barotrauma yog kho los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj decongestants thiab / lossis tshuaj tua kab mob. Qee zaum, kev phais yog tsim nyog. Pob ntseg barotrauma tuaj yeem zam tau los ntawm kev xa cov kev coj ua uas yuav tsum tau ua hauv cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo (divers, aviators). 

Barotraumatic otitis yog ib qho kev raug mob rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm pob ntseg los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm huab cua siab.

Ua rau

Barotrauma tshwm sim thaum lub cev raug kev nce siab hauv siab (scuba dhia dej, poob ntawm qhov siab hauv lub dav hlau) los yog poob rau hauv siab (lub dav hlau nce qhov siab, diver tuaj rau saum npoo).

Barotraumatic otitis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub raj eustachian, cov kav dej nyob rau theem ntawm lub pob ntseg uas txuas lub pharynx mus rau nruab nrab pob ntseg. Thaum muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub siab sab nraud, lub raj eustachian ntsuas lub siab ntawm ob sab ntawm lub pob ntseg los ntawm kev tso cua sab nraud nkag mus (lossis tawm) hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg. Yog hais tias lub raj eustachian puas lawm, huab cua tsis tuaj yeem tawm los yog nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg, ua rau barotrauma.

diagnostic

Kev kuaj mob yog ua raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov tsos mob thiab tus neeg mob keeb kwm (kev dhia dej, qhov siab dav dav). Nyob ntawm cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob ntxiv yuav tsim nyog:

• Kev ntsuam xyuas audiometric (kev txawj ntse, kev sib cais ntawm lub suab, acoustic reflexes, thiab lwm yam)
• Test vestibulaires

Cov neeg txhawj xeeb

Barotrauma tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau cov tib neeg uas muaj kev hloov pauv muaj zog hauv kev ntxhov siab hauv lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog divers thiab airmen. Pob ntseg barotrauma suav rau ob feem peb ntawm kev sib tw dhia dej.

Risk yam tseem ceeb

Txhua yam mob (vim kev ua xua, kis kab mob, caws pliav, qog) ntawm cov hlab cua sab saud (pharynx, larynx, qhov ntswg) lossis pob ntseg uas tiv thaiv kev sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm barotrauma.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm barotrauma tshwm sim yuav luag tam sim ntawd thaum lub siab hloov pauv. 

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm eustachian raj tsis ua haujlwm, qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua siab ntawm lub pob ntseg thiab pharynx tuaj yeem ua rau:

• Ib qho mob hnyav tob hauv pob ntseg
• Kev hnov ​​​​lus uas tuaj yeem mus kom deb li qhov lag ntseg
• Kev puas tsuaj los yog txawm perforation ntawm lub pob ntseg uas tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav
• Cov tsos mob ntawm vestibular ( kiv taub hau, xeev siab, ntuav)
• Yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab loj heev, lub qhov rais oval ( nkag mus rau hauv pob ntseg hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg) kuj tuaj yeem tawg. Tom qab qhov kev tawg no, tag nrho cov kab noj hniav ntawm pob ntseg sib txuas ua rau cov kua dej tawm ntawm pob ntseg mus rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg. Lub pob ntseg sab hauv muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj mus tas li. 

Feem ntau ntawm barotrauma, kev kho mob yog cov tsos mob. Tab sis qee qhov mob yuav xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Pob ntseg barotrauma yog kho los ntawm kev tswj cov decongestants (oxymetazoline, pseudo-ephedrine) los pab txhawb kev qhib cov hlab ntsws. Cov mob hnyav tuaj yeem kho nrog qhov ntswg corticosteroids.

Yog hais tias muaj ntshav los yog cov tsos mob ntawm effusion, yuav muab tshuaj tua kab mob (piv txwv li, amoxicillin lossis trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole).

Kev sab laj ntawm ENT yog qhia nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov tsos mob hnyav los yog mus tas li. Kev phais yuav tsim nyog los kho kev puas tsuaj loj rau pob ntseg sab hauv lossis nruab nrab. Piv txwv li, tympanotomy rau kev kho ncaj qha ntawm lub qhov rais ruptured round los yog oval qhov rais, los yog myringotomy kom ntws dej los ntawm nruab nrab pob ntseg.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm barotraumatic otitis yuav tsum qhia cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo (aviators, divers, hikers). Thaum lub siab sab nraud hloov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob muaj txoj kab nqes siab dhau. Aviators thiab scuba diving cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum tau kawm hauv lub thawv los kawm txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub pob ntseg.

Pob ntseg barotrauma tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm nqos lossis exhaling ntau zaus thaum pinching lub qhov ntswg kom qhib cov hlab eustachian thiab sib npaug ntawm cov pob ntseg nruab nrab thiab sab nraud. Hnav earplugs tiv thaiv kev ntsuas siab, yog li nws yuav tsum tau zam thaum dhia dej.

Kev tiv thaiv kev kho mob nrog pseudoephedrine 12 mus rau 24 teev ua ntej dhia dej tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm atrial barotrauma. Scuba dhia dej yuav tsum tsis txhob xyaum yog hais tias qhov congestion tsis daws.