Cov hlab ntsha (hlab ntsha: los ntawm qis Latin vascellum, los ntawm Latin Latin vasculum, lub ntsiab lus lub nkoj me me, ntshav: los ntawm Latin sanguineus) yog cov kabmob ntawm cov ntshav ncig.

Kev piav qhia dav dav. Cov hlab ntsha ua lub kaw lus kaw uas cov ntshav xa mus. Lub voj voog no tau muab faib ua qhov loj ntawm lub cev ncig thiab lub ntsws me me. Cov nkoj no suav nrog phab ntsa nrog peb lub tsho: (1) (2)

• Lub tsho sab hauv, lossis intima, muaj txheej txheej ntawm cov leeg ntawm endothelium thiab txheej sab hauv sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha;
• Lub tsho nruab nrab, lossis xov xwm, tsim cov txheej nruab nrab thiab muaj cov leeg thiab cov leeg ywj;
• Cov txheej sab nrauv, lossis kev tawm tswv yim, suav nrog txheej txheej sab nrauv thiab muaj cov collagen fibers thiab cov ntaub so ntswg.

Cov hlab ntshav tau muab faib ua pawg sib txawv (1)

• Cov hlab ntsha. Cov hlab ntsha suav nrog cov hlab ntshav uas muaj cov ntshav, nplua nuj hauv cov pa oxygen, tawm hauv plawv kom mus txog ntau yam txheej txheem ntawm lub cev, tshwj tsis yog lub ntsws thiab tso ntshav tso. Muaj ntau hom hlab ntsha sib txawv nyob ntawm lawv cov qauv 1.

  -Cov hlab ntsha elastic-type, nrog lub ntsej muag loj, muaj cov phab ntsa tuab thiab tau ua los ntawm ntau cov yas ywj. Lawv feem ntau yog nyob ze ntawm lub plawv, xws li aorta, lossis cov hlab ntsws.

  - Cov leeg leeg leeg leeg muaj lub ntsej muag me dua thiab lawv cov phab ntsa muaj ntau cov leeg nqaij du.

  - Cov hlab ntsha loj nyob ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha sib txuas, nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntshav. Lawv feem ntau yog nyob hauv ib lub cev thiab tsis muaj lub tsho sab nrauv.

• Cov leeg. Cov hlab ntsha yog cov hlab ntsha uas cov ntshav, cov pa oxygen tsis zoo, tawm ntawm qhov chaw kom mus txog lub plawv, tshwj tsis yog mob ntsws thiab tso ntshav tawm. Los ntawm cov hlab ntshav, cov hlab ntshav, cov hlab ntsha me, rov ua cov ntshav tsis zoo nrog cov pa oxygen thiab koom nrog cov leeg. (1) Lub tom kawg muaj phab ntsa nyias dua li cov hlab ntsha. Lawv cov phab ntsa muaj tsawg dua cov leeg thiab cov leeg nqaij tab sis muaj lub tsho sab nrauv tuab dua. Cov hlab ntsha muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem muaj ntshav ntau dua li cov hlab ntsha. Txhawm rau pab txhawb kev rov qab los ntshav, cov leeg ntawm cov nqaj qis muaj qhov qub. (2)
• Cov leeg. Cov hlab ntsha yog cov hlab ntsha uas cov ntshav, cov pa oxygen tsis zoo, tawm ntawm qhov chaw kom mus txog lub plawv, tshwj tsis yog mob ntsws thiab tso ntshav tawm. Los ntawm cov hlab ntshav, cov hlab ntshav, cov hlab ntsha me, rov ua cov ntshav tsis zoo nrog cov pa oxygen thiab koom nrog cov leeg. (1) Lub tom kawg muaj phab ntsa nyias dua li cov hlab ntsha. Lawv cov phab ntsa muaj tsawg dua cov leeg thiab cov leeg nqaij tab sis muaj lub tsho sab nrauv tuab dua. Cov hlab ntsha muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem muaj ntshav ntau dua li cov hlab ntsha. Txhawm rau pab txhawb kev rov qab los ntshav, cov leeg ntawm cov nqaj qis muaj qhov qub. (2)
• Capillaries. Ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke, cov hlab ntsha yog cov hlab ntsha zoo heev, nrog txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm 5 txog 15 micrometers. Lawv hloov pauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg. Lawv tso cai ob qho tib si faib cov pa oxygen thiab cov as -ham; thiab ob qho tib si rov qab los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab cov zom zaub mov. (1)

Sab Hauv. Cov hlab ntshav tau sab hauv los ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas nkag siab zoo los tswj lawv txoj kab uas hla. (1)

Kev faib tawm/Kev tshem tawm. Cov hlab ntsha tso cai rau ob qho kev faib cov khoom noj thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov zom zaub mov pov tseg.

Ntshav ncig. Cov hlab ntshav ua ib qho kaw kaw. Cov nplua nuj nyob hauv cov ntshav tawm sab laug lub plawv ntawm lub plawv los ntawm aorta. Nws ua tiav hla cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha, cov leeg thiab cov leeg. Hauv cov hlab ntshav, kev sib pauv cov khoom noj thiab cov khib nyiab tshwm sim. Cov as-ham ntshav tsis zoo ces mus txog rau sab xis ntawm lub plawv los ntawm ob lub vena cavae ua ntej txhawb nws tus kheej hauv cov as-ham thiab rov pib nws txoj kev mus los ntawm lub cev. (1) (2)

Teeb meem ntsig txog ntshav siab. Kev ntshav ntau dhau tiv thaiv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav siab thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob vascular.

Thrombosis. Cov kab mob no sib xws rau kev tsim cov ntshav khov hauv cov hlab ntshav (4).

stroke. Kev raug mob ntawm cerebrovascular, lossis mob hlab ntsha tawg, tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntshav hauv lub hlwb, xws li tsim cov ntshav txhaws lossis lub nkoj tawg. (4)

Phlebitis. Kuj tseem hu ua venous thrombosis, cov kab mob no sib xws rau kev tsim cov ntshav khov, lossis thrombus, hauv cov leeg. Cov pob zeb no tuaj yeem txav mus thiab txav mus rau qhov qis dua vena cava. Cov kab mob pathology no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam xwm txheej xws li venous tsis txaus, uas yog hais txog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntshav (5).

Kab mob plawv. Lawv suav nrog ntau yam kab mob xws li myocardial infarction lossis angina pectoris. Thaum cov kab mob no tshwm sim, cov hlab ntshav feem ntau cuam tshuam thiab tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa tsis txaus. (6) (7)

Tshuaj kho mob. Nyob ntawm tus kab mob kuaj pom, qee yam tshuaj yuav raug sau tseg xws li anticoagulants, anti-aggregants, lossis txawm tias yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ischemic.

Thrombolyse. Siv thaum lub sijhawm mob hlab ntsha tawg, qhov kev kho mob no suav nrog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhaws, lossis ntshav khov, nrog kev siv tshuaj. (5)

Kev phais mob. Nyob ntawm cov kab mob pathology kuaj pom thiab nws hloov pauv, kev phais yuav tsim nyog.

Kev kuaj lub cev. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev tshuaj ntsuam mob tau ua tiav txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas qhov mob pom los ntawm tus neeg mob.

Kev kuaj mob kuaj mob. Xoo hluav taws xob, CT, MRI, mob hlab ntsha hauv plawv, CT angiography, lossis kuaj kab mob hauv lub plawv tuaj yeem siv los lees paub lossis tob zuj zus qhov kev kuaj mob.

• Doppler ultrasound kev kho mob. Qhov ultrasound tshwj xeeb no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm soj ntsuam cov ntshav ntws.

William Harvey, kws kho mob Askiv ntawm lub xyoo 16th thiab 17th, tau paub txog nws txoj haujlwm thiab nrhiav pom ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav ncig.