txheem
Microsoft Excel muab cov neeg siv nrog ob peb, kev hais lus, theem kev tiv thaiv - los ntawm kev tiv thaiv yooj yim ntawm cov tib neeg lub hlwb kom encryption ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv nrog ciphers ntawm crypto-algorithms ntawm RC4 tsev neeg. Cia wb mus dhau lawv ib leeg…
Qib 0. Kev tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tes
Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws. Tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm tus neeg siv nkag mus rau hauv qee lub hlwb thiab tsis tso cai rau koj nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug (piv txwv li, tus nqi tsis zoo lossis tus lej feem ntau ntawm cov neeg lossis hnub tim Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj hloov mus rau hnub xaus ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim. daim ntawv cog lus, thiab lwm yam.) Txhawm rau teeb tsa cov kev nkag siab zoo li no, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov cell thiab xaiv tab Cov ntaub ntawv (Hnub) khawm Kev lees paub cov ntaub ntawv (Kev lees paub cov ntaub ntawv). Hauv Excel 2003 thiab laus dua, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov Cov ntaub ntawv - validation (Cov ntaub ntawv - validation)… Hauv tab tsis los ntawm cov npe drop-down, koj tuaj yeem xaiv hom ntaub ntawv tso cai rau kev nkag:
Cov tab uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub qhov rais no tso cai (yog tias xav tau) los teeb tsa cov lus uas yuav tshwm sim ua ntej nkag mus - tab Input lus (Input Message), thiab yog tias nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug - tab yuam kev cov lus (Kev ceeb toom yuam kev):
Qib 1: Tiv thaiv cov ntawv Cell los ntawm kev hloov pauv
Peb tuaj yeem ua tiav lossis xaiv los tiv thaiv tus neeg siv los hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub hlwb ntawm ib daim ntawv muab. Txhawm rau txhim kho xws li kev tiv thaiv, ua raws li qhov yooj yim algorithm:
- Xaiv cov hlwb uas tsis tas yuav tiv thaiv (yog tias muaj), right-click rau lawv thiab xaiv cov lus txib los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov Cell format (Format Cells)… Hauv tab Kev pab tiv thaiv (Kev tiv thaiv) uncheck lub thawv Tiv thaiv cell (Xauv). Txhua lub cell uas lub thawv no tseem xaiv yuav raug tiv thaiv thaum qhib daim ntawv tiv thaiv. Txhua lub hlwb uas koj tshem tawm tus chij no yuav kho tau txawm tias muaj kev tiv thaiv. Txhawm rau pom cov hlwb yuav raug tiv thaiv thiab qhov twg yuav tsis, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov macro no.
- Txhawm rau pab tiv thaiv daim ntawv tam sim no hauv Excel 2003 thiab laus dua - xaiv los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov Kev Pabcuam - Kev Tiv Thaiv - Tiv Thaiv Daim Ntawv (Cov cuab yeej - Kev Tiv Thaiv - Tiv thaiv daim ntawv ua haujlwm), lossis hauv Excel 2007 thiab tom qab ntawd, nyem Tiv Thaiv Daim Ntawv (Protect Ntawv) tab Rov Saib (Saib xyuas). Hauv lub dialog box uas qhib, koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa tus password (nws yuav xav tau kom tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem tshem tawm kev tiv thaiv) thiab, siv cov npe ntawm cov checkboxes, teeb tsa, yog tias xav tau, zam:
Ntawd yog, yog tias peb xav tawm ntawm tus neeg siv lub peev xwm, piv txwv li, los tsim cov cell tiv thaiv thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, thawj peb lub thawv yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas. Koj tuaj yeem tso cai rau cov neeg siv siv kev txheeb xyuas, autofilter, thiab lwm yam khoom siv rooj yooj yim.
Qib 2. Xaiv kev tiv thaiv ntau yam rau cov neeg siv sib txawv
Yog tias nws tau xav tias ntau tus neeg siv yuav ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj kev nkag mus rau lawv tus kheej daim ntawv, ces koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov ntawv tiv thaiv nrog cov password sib txawv rau ntau yam ntawm cov hlwb.
Txhawm rau ua qhov no, xaiv ntawm lub tab Rov Saib (saib) khawm Tso cai hloov ntau yam (Cia cov neeg siv hloov kho ntau yam). Hauv Excel 2003 thiab tom qab ntawd, muaj cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau qhov no Kev Pabcuam – Kev Tiv Thaiv – Tso cai hloov ntau yam (Cov cuab yeej - Kev Tiv Thaiv - Tso cai rau cov neeg siv hloov pauv):
Hauv qhov rai uas tshwm, nyem lub pob tsim (tshiab) thiab sau lub npe ntawm qhov ntau, qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov hlwb suav nrog hauv qhov ntau thiab tus password kom nkag mus rau qhov ntau:
Rov ua cov kauj ruam no rau txhua tus neeg siv sib txawv kom txog thaum lawv tau teev tseg. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem nias lub pob Tiv Thaiv Daim Ntawv (saib kab lus dhau los) thiab pab tiv thaiv tag nrho daim ntawv.
Tam sim no, thaum koj sim nkag mus rau ib qho ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov npe, Excel yuav xav tau tus password rau qhov tshwj xeeb no, piv txwv li txhua tus neeg siv yuav ua haujlwm "hauv nws lub vaj".
Qib 3. Tiv thaiv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm phau ntawv
Yog tias koj yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm:
- rho tawm, renaming, txav cov nplooj ntawv hauv phau ntawv ua haujlwm
- hloov mus rau qhov chaw pinned ("headers", thiab lwm yam)
- tsis xav tau kev hloov pauv (collapsing kab/kem siv lub plus/minus grouping nyees khawm)
- muaj peev xwm txo qis / txav / hloov pauv cov ntawv ua haujlwm hauv lub qhov rais Excel
ces koj yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv ntawm phau ntawv, siv lub khawm Tiv thaiv phau ntawv (Protect Workbook) tab Rov Saib (Saib xyuas) lossis - hauv cov ntawv qub ntawm Excel - los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov Kev Pabcuam – Kev Tiv Thaiv – Tiv Thaiv phau ntawv (Cov cuab yeej - Kev Tiv Thaiv - Tiv thaiv phau ntawv ua haujlwm):
Qib 4. Cov ntaub ntawv encryption
Yog tias tsim nyog, Excel muab lub peev xwm los encrypt tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm siv ntau yam sib txawv RC4 tsev neeg encryption algorithms. Qhov kev tiv thaiv no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los teeb tsa thaum khaws phau ntawv ua haujlwm, piv txwv li xaiv pab pawg Cov ntaub ntawv – Txuag li (Cov ntaub ntawv - Txuag li), thiab tom qab ntawd hauv lub qhov rai txuag, nrhiav thiab nthuav cov npe poob Kev Pabcuam - Kev xaiv dav dav (Cov cuab yeej - Kev xaiv dav dav). Hauv qhov rai uas tshwm, peb tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ob tus password sib txawv - qhib cov ntaub ntawv (nyeem nkaus xwb) thiab hloov pauv:
- Yuav ua li cas teeb / tsis tiv thaiv tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv ntawm ib phau ntawv ib zaug (PLEX add-on)
- Taw qhia cov hlwb uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv nrog xim
- Kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm nplooj ntawv los ntawm macro