Dysorthography yog kev kawm tsis taus. Raws li nrog rau lwm yam kev mob DYS, kev hais lus kho mob yog kev kho mob tseem ceeb los pab tus menyuam nrog dysorthography.

Lus txhais

Dysorthography yog ib qho kev kawm tsis taus uas muaj kev xiam oob khab uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev sau ntawv. 

Nws feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog dyslexia tab sis tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv kev sib cais. Ua ke, dyslexia thiab dysorthography tsim cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb hauv kev nrhiav tau cov lus sau, hu ua dyslexia-dysorthography. 

Ua rau 

Dysorthography feem ntau yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kawm tsis taus (piv txwv li dyslexia). Zoo li dyslexia, qhov teeb meem no yog neurological thiab keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dysorthography muaj kev paub tsis meej. Thawj yog phonological: cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dysorthography yuav muaj kev txawj phonological thiab kev paub lus tsawg dua li lwm cov menyuam yaus. Qhov thib ob yog qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm visuotemporal: cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dysorthography muaj qhov nyuaj rau kev nkag siab txog kev txav thiab cov ntaub ntawv ceev, pom kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, jerks thiab anarchic eye fixations. 

diagnostic 

Kev ntsuam xyuas kev hais lus ua rau nws tuaj yeem ua rau kev kuaj mob ntawm dysorthography. Qhov no suav nrog kev sim phonological paub txog thiab kev ntsuas visuo-attentional. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua rau kev kuaj mob dys tsis meej tab sis kuj ntsuas nws qhov hnyav. Kev ntsuam xyuas neuropsychological kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua los txiav txim siab tus menyuam qhov teeb meem thiab teeb tsa cov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws. 

Cov neeg txhawj xeeb 

Kwv yees li ntawm 5 mus rau 8% ntawm cov menyuam yaus muaj DYS mob: dyslexia, dyspraxia, dysorthography, dyscalculia, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev kawm tshwj xeeb tsis muaj peev xwm nyeem thiab sau ntawv (dyslexia-dysorthography) sawv cev ntau dua 80% ntawm kev kawm tsis taus. 

Risk yam tseem ceeb

Dysorthography muaj tib yam kev pheej hmoo zoo li lwm yam kev mob DYS. Qhov kev xiam oob khab no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev kho mob (kev ua ntej ntxov, kev txom nyem hauv menyuam yaus), kev puas siab puas ntsws lossis kev cuam tshuam (tsis muaj kev txhawb siab), genetic yam (ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub paj hlwb lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov lus sau), hormonal yam. thiab tej yam ib puag ncig (disadvantaged Environment).

Dysorthography yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau cov cim qhia uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau pawg. Cov cim tseem ceeb yog qeeb, tsis xwm yeem, sau ntawv tsis zoo. 

Nyuaj hauv phoneme thiab graphem conversion

Tus me nyuam dysorthographic muaj teeb meem koom nrog grapheme nrog lub suab. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis meej pem ntawm cov suab kaw, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntawv, hloov cov lus los ntawm cov lus nyob sib ze, yuam kev hauv kev luam cov lus. 

Semantic tswj tsis meej

Semantic tsis ua haujlwm ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm nco tau cov lus thiab lawv siv. Qhov no ua rau homophone yuam kev (worms, ntsuab ...) thiab txiav yuam kev (unabit for a suit for example …)

Cov kab mob morphosyntatic 

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dysorthography tsis meej pem grammatical pawg thiab muaj teeb meem siv cov cim syntactic (poj niam txiv neej, tus lej, lus kawg, lus, thiab lwm yam).

Kev tsis txaus nyob rau hauv assimilation thiab tau txais cov cai sau ntawv 

Tus me nyuam uas muaj kev sau ntawv nyuaj rau nco ntsoov cov lus sau ntawm cov lus paub thiab nquag.

Kev kho mob feem ntau yog ua raws kev hais lus, ua kom ntev thiab npaj tau zoo. Qhov no tsis kho tab sis nws pab tus menyuam them nyiaj rau nws qhov tsis txaus.

Kev hais lus kho dua tshiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev kho dua tshiab ntawm graphotherapist thiab psychomotor therapist.

Dysorthography tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov ua ntej nws raug kuaj pom thiab kho ntxov, qhov txiaj ntsig ntau dua. 

Cov cim qhia ntawm dyslexia-dysorthography tuaj yeem tshawb pom los ntawm qib kindergarten: kev mob ntawm qhov ncauj tsis tu ncua, teeb meem hauv kev soj ntsuam lub suab, kev tuav, kev txiav txim siab sib dhos, kev puas siab puas ntsws psychomotor, kev xav tsis zoo thiab / lossis kev nco.