El Konyka

Konika yog ib qho ntawm cov npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm Canadian spruce. Los yog theej, nws qhov kev hloov pauv ntuj.

Canadian spruce, nws thiab grey spruce (Picea glauca) nyob rau North America. Nyob ntawd nws nyob hauv thaj chaw loj ntawm Labrador mus rau Alaska thiab loj hlob hauv qhov hnyav hnyav, qee zaum txawm tias nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Qhov no yog tsob ntoo loj heev, 25-35 m siab. Thiab ib qho ntawm cov spruces muaj kev hloov pauv - tsob ntoo dwarf tau loj hlob, uas tau pom nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Canadian Lake Ligan xyoo 1904. Nws qhov siab tsis tshaj 3 - 4 m - qhov no yog 10 npaug tsawg dua li ntawm nws cov txheeb ze. Thiab nws nce mus txog qhov siab no tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 60 xyoo. Lub crown txoj kab uas hla tsis ntau tshaj 2 m (1). Gardeners nyiam cov nroj tsuag txawv txawv thiab pib propagate nws.

Konika hlob qeeb heev - nws tsuas yog ntxiv 3-6 cm ib xyoos. Lub ncov ntawm kev loj hlob nquag yog pom thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 - 7 xyoo - nyob rau lub sijhawm no nws txhua xyoo nce 10 cm. Thiab txij li lub hnub nyoog ntawm 12 - 15 xyoo, nws txoj kev loj hlob qeeb heev thiab tsis pub tshaj 2 - 3 cm ib lub caij.

Los ntawm txoj kev, Konik spruce muaj nws tus kheej kev hloov pauv, uas tau dhau los ua ntau yam sib txawv.

Alberta Globe. Qhov kev hloov pauv tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1967 hauv Holland. Qhov no yog ib tsob ntoo dwarf nrog ib tug spherical crown. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 10 xyoo, nws muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm tsuas yog 30 cm. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus cov nroj tsuag, lub crown ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 90 cm, thiab ib tug dav txog li 120 cm. Cov koob yog ntsuab.

Blue Wonder (Blue Wonder). Qhov kev hloov pauv no tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1984 hauv Tebchaws Yelemees (2). Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm tus thawj Konika los ntawm ib tug compact crown - los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 10 xyoo nws yog tsis siab tshaj 70 cm, qhov siab ntawm cov neeg laus yog hais txog 2 m, lub crown txoj kab uas hla yog 75 cm. Tab sis qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog cov xim ntawm cov koob: nws muaj xim xiav.

Daisy Dawb. Kev hloov pauv tau pom nyob rau hauv Belgium xyoo 1979. Lub crown ntawm no ntau yam yog pyramidal, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 10 nws tsis tshaj 80 cm. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm no spruce yog xim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua: thaum xub thawj lawv yog daj, ces tig dawb, thiab ces tig ntsuab.

Dwarf (Gnom). Kev hloov pauv qeeb ntawm Konik spruce - muab 3-5 cm ntawm kev loj hlob ib xyoos twg. Cov xim ntawm cov koob yog grey-ntsuab.

Laurin. Nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1950 nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Dwarf mutation, hlob qeeb heev, muab qhov nce ntawm tsuas yog 1,5 - 2,5 cm ib xyoos twg. Lub crown yog prostrate. Cov koob yog ntsuab.

Cog tsob ntoo locust

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm Konik spruce yog tias nws lub kaus mom kub hnyiab heev nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias qhov no ntau yam muaj ilv koob thiab ib tug superficial paus system. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Ob Hlis - Lub Peb Hlis, lub hnub dhau los ua haujlwm, ua kom sov cov koob, thiab nws pib nquag evaporate noo noo. Thiab cov hauv paus hniav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais dej, vim lawv nyob hauv cov av khov. Yog li ntawd, cov koob tau qhuav. Qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau conifers, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv thuja thiab junipers, tab sis tsuas yog thawj 2-3 xyoo. Thiab Konika tuaj yeem hlawv mus txog 4 - 5 xyoo. Thiab yog hais tias tsis cog muaj, ces ntev.

Tias yog vim li cas Konika tsis tuaj yeem cog rau hauv thaj chaw qhib - txawm tias qhov chaw nyob hauv lub caij ntuj no qee zaum tsis cawm nws ntawm kev kub nyhiab. Qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau nws yog nyob rau hauv lub crowns ntawm loj coniferous ntoo, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv pines. Los yog los ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm lub tsev, outbuildings los yog ib tug siab dawb paug laj kab. Nws yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los cog nws hauv qab tsob ntoo deciduous - thaum lub caij ntuj no lawv sawv tsis muaj nplooj thiab cia nyob rau hauv lub hnub txaus los rhuav tshem tsob ntoo Christmas.

Txij li thaum Koniks feem ntau muag hauv ntim, tsis tas yuav khawb ib lub qhov loj rau cov yub - nws yuav tsum yog me ntsis loj dua li cov av av. Nws muaj peev xwm cog seedlings nrog lub kaw hauv paus system (ZKS) los ntawm nruab nrab-Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus rau nruab nrab Lub Kaum Hli.

Tom qab cog, yub yuav tsum tau watered zoo - 1-2 thoob, nyob ntawm seb qhov loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Thiab yav tom ntej, dej tsawg kawg yog 1 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam hauv ib lub thoob.

Kev saib xyuas rau Konik spruce

Txij li thaum ntau yam Konika belongs rau Canadian spruce, nws tau khaws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj - siab Frost tsis kam (txog -40 ° C) thiab tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv txhua cheeb tsam uas peb cov spruce loj hlob tuaj.

Hauv pem teb

Spruce Konik nyiam loamy noo noo-intensive av. Yog hais tias cov av yog xuab zeb, yuav tsum tau khawb ib lub qhov loj thiab soddy av, av nplaum thiab humus yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau nws nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 1: 1.

teeb pom kev zoo

Peb twb tau hais tias Konik spruce tsis zam lub hnub ncaj qha, yog li xaiv qhov chaw ntxoov ntxoo rau nws.

Dej Tshoob Tawm

Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, Canadian spruces loj hlob ntawm cov av noo, feem ntau nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, ze marshes, thiab Konica spruce tau txais kev hlub ntawm cov dej noo los ntawm nws cov poj koob yawm txwv. Nws yuav tsum tau watered ntau zaus - qhov zoo tshaj plaws ib zaug ib lub lim tiam, ib thoob dej rau ib tsob ntoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv huab cua kub - 1 zaug ib lub lim tiam. Yog hais tias qhov no tsis yog ua tau, lub cev lub voj voog yuav tsum tau mulched nrog ntoo thuv los yog larch bark, los yog nrog coniferous sawdust nrog ib tug txheej ntawm 2-7 cm - lawv txo cov evaporation ntawm noo noo los ntawm cov av.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev ywg dej, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ncuav lub hose hla tsob ntoo ntoo ib zaug ib lub lim tiam.

chiv

Nyob rau cov av fertile thaum cog chiv tsis tuaj yeem siv. Rau cov neeg pluag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv ib lub thoob ntawm humus rau lub qhov cog.

noj

Konik spruce tuaj yeem loj hlob yam tsis muaj kev hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom lub crown yuav ci ntsa iab thiab zoo kawg li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws burns nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub Plaub Hlis, tshwj xeeb chiv rau conifers yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv nws. Los yog humus - ib nrab thoob rau ib tsob ntoo.

Vaj tse nyob rau lub caij ntuj no

Hauv thawj 5 xyoos tom qab cog, Konik spruce yuav tsum tau them rau lub caij ntuj no los ntawm hlawv tawm. Nws yog feem ntau qhia kom qhwv nws nyob rau hauv burlap, tab sis qhov no yog ib tug phem txoj kev - nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum lub hnub pib ci, qhov kub nce sharply nyob rau hauv lub burlap, lub tsev cog khoom nyhuv yog tsim thiab cov koob, ib yam li nyob rau hauv lub hnub. , pib nquag evaporate noo noo thiab qhuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub burlap, nws kuj rots.

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los npog Konika nrog cov ceg ntoo coniferous: ntoo thuv lossis spruce. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum muab cov ntoo muaj zog zoo li lub tsev pheeb suab nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo thiab txuas cov ceg ntoo coniferous rau lawv kom lawv npog cov nroj tsuag kom tiav, mus rau hauv av.

Reproduction ntawm spruce Konik

Txhawm rau khaws cov cim ntawm ntau yam, Konik spruce yuav tsum tau propagated los ntawm cuttings. Tab sis cov txheej txheem no yog qhov nyuaj, ua kom ncaj ncees, nws yooj yim dua los yuav ib tsob ntoo. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj lub siab xav thiab lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem sim.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cuttings rau rooting nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav: thaum kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis - thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ke nrog pob taws - ib qho ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm lub cev. Thiab nyiam dua nyob rau hnub pos huab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txiav ntev yog 7-10 cm.

Cov txiav txiav yuav tsum khaws cia rau ib hnub hauv Heteroauxin, lub hauv paus tsim stimulator. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau cog rau hauv lub teeb fertile av ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30 °, tob zuj zus los ntawm 2 - 3 cm. Txhua qhov txiav yog nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub cais.

Pots nrog cuttings yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj los yog npog nrog ib tug hub los yog yas pact. Ib hnub ntawm kev cog koj yuav tsum tau ventilate.

Konik spruce cuttings noj paus rau ib lub sij hawm ntev heev - los ntawm 6 lub hlis mus rau 1 xyoo. Txhua lub sijhawm no koj yuav tsum tau ywg dej rau lawv raws sijhawm - cov av yuav tsum noo txhua lub sijhawm. Ib zaug txhua 2 lub lis piam, heteroauxin yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv rau hauv dej rau kev ywg dej.

Rooted cuttings yog cog nyob rau hauv lub vaj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - thaum kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis. Ua ntej, mus kawm ntawv - ib qho chaw nyob ntsiag to hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Nyob ntawd lawv yuav tsum siv lwm xyoo. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau qhov chaw mus tas li.

Kab mob ntawm spruce Konik

Tracheomycosis (fusarium). Thawj lub cim ntawm tus kab mob no yog xim liab txheej ntawm cov koob. Tom qab ntawd nws puv xim av thiab pib crumble. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug fungus uas kis rau hauv paus system ntawm tsob ntoo.

Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no pathology yog incurable. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev - tus kab mob kis sai sai rau cov nroj tsuag nyob sib ze: spruce, ntoo thuv, fir thiab larch. Tib txoj kev uas yuav txwv tsis pub nws yog khawb tsob ntoo nrog nws cov cag thiab hlawv nws. Thiab kho cov av nrog Fundazol (3).

Rust (spruce spinner). Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug pathogenic fungus. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm me me, 0,5 cm inch, txiv kab ntxwv o ntawm cov tawv ntoo. Cov koob tig daj thiab poob tawm.

Thaum thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txiav thiab hlawv cov ceg cuam tshuam, thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov nroj tsuag nrog Hom (tooj liab oxychloride) (3) lossis Rakurs.

Brown Shutte (xim av daus pwm). Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm schütte, lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam cov ntoo ntoo, tab sis xim av schütte kuj pom ntawm cov ntoo spruce. Cov kab mob fungus settles ntawm koob nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab nquag tsim nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, ntawm tua nyob rau hauv lub snow. Cov cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob yog cov koob xim av nrog cov xim dawb.

Rau kev kho tus kab mob, siv tshuaj Hom lossis Racurs (3).

Pests noj Ntsuag

Spruce leaflet-needleworm. Qhov no yog ib tug npauj me me. Cov neeg laus tsis muaj teeb meem, tab sis lawv cov larvae tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov ntoo. Kab ntsig nyob hauv koob - lawv tom ntawm lawv lub hauv paus thiab ua cov mines hauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov koob tau npog nrog cobwebs thiab crumble nrog cua daj cua dub.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab tsuag, cov tshuaj siv tau siv - Calypso, Confidor lossis Engio.

Spruce kab laug sab mite. Thawj cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm cov pob daj ntawm cov koob. Nrog rau tus kab mob muaj zog, cov nroj tsuag tau npog nrog cobwebs, koob tig xim av thiab crumble. Kab laug sab mite nquag yug me nyuam hauv xyoo qhuav. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, tus zuam muab qhov nruab nrab ntawm li 5 tiam, yog li lub ncov ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.

Cov tshuaj Actellik lossis Fitoverm yuav pab tshem tawm cov kab tsuag.

Spruce cuav ntaub thaiv npog. Cov kab me me no, zoo ib yam li cov pob xim av, feem ntau nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag hluas - tawv ntoo thiab koob. Koj tuaj yeem paub lawv los ntawm lawv cov nplaum nplaum. Hauv cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam, koob tig xim av thiab poob tawm, cov ceg khoov thiab qhuav tawm.

Koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab tsuag tsuas yog nrog cov tshuaj systemic. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Aktara thiab Konfidor.

Coniferous kab. Cov kab nqus no yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb nrog lwm tus - lawv muaj cov bristles dawb ntawm lawv nraub qaum. Nyob rau hauv qhuav xyoo, lawv multiply active hais tias cov tua yuav zoo li yog them nrog Frost. Ntawm cov nroj tsuag cuam tshuam, koob tig daj thiab curl.

Tshem tawm cov kab mob yuav pab tau cov tshuaj Pinocid.

Spruce sawfly. Nws yog kab me me uas zoo li yoov. Nws larvae raug mob - lawv noj koob. Nws tsis yooj yim pom lawv - lawv zais lawv tus kheej li pins thiab koob. Koj tuaj yeem paub tus kab mob los ntawm cov xim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas koob - nws dhau los ua xim liab-xim av, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws tsis tawg rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv spruce sawfly, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj Pinocid. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau ua tsis tau tsuas yog lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo, tab sis kuj cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, vim hais tias cov larvae hibernate nyob rau hauv av.

Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb

Peb nug txog Konik Agronomist-breeder Svetlana Mykhaylova - Nws teb cov lus nug nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov.

Qhov chaw ntawm

1. Stupakova OM, Aksyanova T.Yu. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm perennial herbaceous, woody coniferous thiab deciduous nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv nroog landscaping // Conifers ntawm boreal cheeb tsam, 2013 https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kompozitsii-iz-mnogoletnih-travyanistyh-drevesnyh-hvoynyh-li- rasteniy- v-ozelenenii-gorodov
2. Kordes G. Picea glauca tsob nroj hu ua Blue Wonder: pat. PP 10933 USA. - 1999 https://patents.google.com/patent/USPP10933?oq=Picea+glauca+%27Sanders+Blue%27
3. Lub xeev catalog ntawm tshuaj tua kab thiab agrochemicals thaum Lub Xya Hli 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture ntawm Federation https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii-i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry- xov xwm/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/