Flickering dung beetle (Coprinellus micaceus) yees duab thiab piav qhia

Flickering dung beetle (Coprinellus micaceus)

• Agaricus micaceus heev nyuj
• Agaricus sib sau ua ke Sowerby kev xav

Lub npe tam sim no: Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson, Taxon 50 (1): 234 (2001)

Dung beetle yog cov nceb muaj npe nrov thiab zoo nkauj, nws tau nthuav dav rau txhua lub tebchaws. Loj hlob nyob rau hauv pawg ntawm cov ntoo lwj, txawm tias cov ntoo tuaj yeem raug faus, ua rau cov fungus zoo li loj hlob tawm hauv av. Flickering tuaj yeem txawv ntawm lwm cov kab dung beetles los ntawm cov me me, zoo li mica granules uas adorn lub kaus mom ntawm cov nceb hluas (txawm tias nag feem ntau ntxuav cov granules). Cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom hloov nrog lub hnub nyoog lossis huab cua, tab sis feem ntau yog zib ntab-xim av lossis amber ntxoov ntxoo, tsis muaj grey.

Txhua yam tsis yooj yim nrog Flickering Dung beetle, txog tib yam li nrog Domestic Dung Bean thiab nws "ntib", Radiant Dung Bean (Coprillus radians). Twinkling Dung beetle kuj muaj ib tug kwv tij ntxaib… tsawg kawg yog ib co North American geneticists muaj ntseeg. Dawb txhais lus los ntawm Kuo:

Cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov yam ntxwv macroscopic hauv qab no sib raug rau ntau hom kab lis kev cai, txhua yam uas feem ntau hu ua "Coprinus micaceus" hauv cov lus qhia. Raws li txoj cai, Coprinellus micaceus yuav tsum muaj calocystidia (thiab yog li lub qia zoo nkauj heev) thiab mitriform (npis sov lub kaus mom-zoo li tus) spores. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, Coprinellus truncorum muaj ib tug du qia (li no tsis muaj calocystidia) thiab ntau elliptical spores. Cov txiaj ntsig DNA ua ntej los ntawm Ko et al. (2001) qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm hais tias Coprinellus micaceus thiab Coprinellus truncorum yog cov caj ces zoo tib yam-txawm tias qhov no tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv Keirle li al. (2004), uas qhia tau hais tias ob qho piv txwv ntawm "Coprinellus micaceus" uas tau sim los ntawm Ko et al. Thawj zaug tau txheeb xyuas tias yog Coprinellus truncorum.

Tab sis thaum qhov no tsuas yog kev tshawb fawb, cov hom no tseem tsis tau raug lees paub (raws li Lub Kaum Hli 2021).

Taub hau: 2-5 cm, oval thaum hluas, nthuav mus rau dav domed los yog tswb-puab, qee zaum nrog me ntsis wavy thiab / los yog ragged ntug. Cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom yog zib ntab xim av, buff, amber lossis qee zaum sib dua, fading thiab paler nrog hnub nyoog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm ntug. Lub ntug ntawm lub hau yog corrugated los yog ribbed, txog ib nrab ntawm lub vojvoog lossis me ntsis ntxiv.

Tag nrho lub kaus mom yog abundantly them nrog me me nplai-granules, zoo ib yam li fragments ntawm mica los yog pearl chips, lawv yog dawb thiab iridescent nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj. Lawv tuaj yeem raug ntxuav los yog ib nrab los ntawm nag lossis dej lwg, yog li ntawd, hauv cov nceb loj hlob, lub kaus mom feem ntau hloov mus ua "liab qab".

daim hlau: dawb los yog tsis muaj zog adherent, nquag, nqaim, lub teeb, xim dawb nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb, tom qab grey, xim av, xim av, ces tig dub thiab plooj, tig mus rau hauv dub "tus cwj mem", tab sis feem ntau tsis tag, tab sis txog ib nrab ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub hau. . Nyob rau hauv huab cua qhuav heev thiab kub, lub kaus mom ntawm shimmering dung beetle tuaj yeem qhuav tawm yam tsis muaj sij hawm los yaj rau hauv "kub".

ceg: 2-8 cm ntev thiab 3-6 mm tuab. Central, txawm, du mus rau heev finely plaub hau. Dawb thoob plaws, fibrous, hollow.

Pulp: los ntawm dawb mus rau dawb, nyias, mos, nkig, fibrous nyob rau hauv qia.

Ntsim thiab saj: Tsis muaj nta.

Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg: Ammonia stains cov nqaij ntawm shimmering dung beetle nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb liab doog los yog pinkish xim.

Spore hmoov imprint: dub.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm microscopic:

Controversy 7-11 x 4-7 µm, subelliptical rau mitriform (zoo ib yam li tus txiv plig lub miter), du, ntws, nrog lub hauv paus pore.

Bazidi 4-spored, ncig los ntawm 3-6 brachybasidia.

Saprophyte, fruiting lub cev yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg, tej zaum kuj loj heev, nyob rau hauv decaying ntoo. Lus Cim: Ntoo tuaj yeem muab faus tob rau hauv av, hais tias cov cag ntoo tuag, ua rau cov nceb tshwm saum av.

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov thiab Autumn, mus txog rau Frost. Ntau heev nyob rau hauv nroog, vaj, chaw ua si, yards thiab roadsides, tab sis kuj pom nyob rau hauv hav zoov. Dav dav faib rau txhua lub teb chaws uas muaj hav zoov lossis tsob ntoo. Tom qab los nag, cov cheeb tsam loj loj "tua tawm", lawv tuaj yeem tuav thaj tsam txog li ob peb square meters.

Cov kab dung shimmering, zoo li tag nrho cov kab dung zoo sib xws, yog qhov noj tau thaum tseem hluas, kom txog rau thaum daim hlau tig dub. Tsuas yog cov kaus mom tau noj, txij li ob txhais ceg, txawm hais tias lawv nyias nyias, tuaj yeem zom tsis zoo vim cov qauv fibrous.

Pre-boiling yog pom zoo, li 5 feeb ntawm boiling.

Cov nceb yuav tsum tau siav kom sai li sai tau tom qab sau qoob loo, vim tias cov txheej txheem autolysis yuav tshwm sim seb cov nceb tau sau los yog txuas ntxiv mus.

Muaj ntau cov dung beetles nyob rau hauv zib mu-xim av tones, thiab lawv txhua tus zoo sib xws. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab los ntawm macro-features, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau saib, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, thaum muaj los yog tsis muaj brownish shaggy fibers ntawm lub substrate los ntawm cov nceb loj hlob. Qhov no yog hu ua "ozonium". Yog tias muaj, peb muaj ib lub tsev dung beetle, los yog ib hom ze ntawm Tsev dung beetle. Daim ntawv teev cov hom zoo sib xws yuav muab ntxiv thiab kho tshiab hauv kab lus "Cov kab hauv tsev".

Dung beetle (Coprillus domesticus)

Thiab cov tsiaj zoo ib yam li nws txawv ntawm cov "zoo ib yam li Flickering" los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ozonium - ib txheej nyias nyias nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm intertwined hyphae, "cov ntaub pua plag" no tuaj yeem nyob thaj tsam loj.

Yog tias tsis muaj ozonium, ces tej zaum peb yuav muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsiaj nyob ze ntawm cov kab flickering dung beetle, thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum saib qhov loj ntawm cov nceb thiab cov xim ntawm cov granules uas lub kaus mom yog "sprinkled". Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho cim tsis txaus ntseeg heev.

Qab Zib dung beetle (Coprinellus saccharinus)

Lub kaus mom yog npog nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws dawb dawb, tsis ci, fluffy nplai. Microscopically, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm cov spores yog ntau ellipsoidal los yog ovoid, tsawg pronounced miter tshaj nyob rau hauv Flickering.

Willow dung beetle (Coprinellus truncorum)

Nws txawv ntawm lub kaus mom ntau dua, ntawm nws, ntxiv rau "ribs" ntau rau cov kab kab, kuj tseem muaj "folds" loj dua. Cov txheej ntawm lub hau yog dawb, nplua-grained, tsis ci

Hav zoov dung beetle (Coprinellus silvaticus)

Spores yog ovoid thiab almond-puab. Cov txheej ntawm lub kaus mom yog nyob rau hauv rusty brownish tones, cov hais yog heev me me thiab luv luv-nyob.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias yog hais tias lub ozonium tsis qhia meej, cov nceb tsis yog hluas, thiab cov txheej ("granules") ntawm lub kaus mom tau tsaus ntuj los yog raug ntxuav los ntawm nag, ces kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm macro-feature ua tsis tau, txij li txhua yam. Lwm qhov yog qhov loj ntawm lub cev fruiting, ecology, fruiting loj thiab xim. lub kaus mom - cov cim qhia yog qhov tsis ntseeg siab thiab cuam tshuam hauv cov hom no.

Video hais txog Mushroom Dung beetle flickering:

Yees duab: los ntawm cov lus nug hauv "Qualifier".