Gestational diabetes feem ntau tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thaum cev xeeb tub. Yog tias nws yuav tsum ceeb toom koj, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj xeeb koj: ob peb yam kev noj haus yuav tso cai rau koj tswj hwm koj cov zaub mov zoo dua vim koj cov ntshav tau txais txiaj ntsig. Nrhiav ntawm no cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau kev cia siab rau menyuam yaus nrog kev thaj yeeb ntawm lub siab.

Gestational diabetes yog dab tsi?

Raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm WHO (Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb), mob ntshav qab zib gestational, kuj yog "mob ntshav qab zib cev xeeb tub", yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm carbohydrate kam rau ua rau hyperglycemia ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav, pib lossis kuaj thawj zaug thaum cev xeeb tub. cev xeeb tub.

Yog li, ib yam li lwm yam mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, gestational diabetes yog ib qho teeb meem hauv kev tswj cov ntshav qab zib (cov ntshav qab zib theem) ua rau cov piam thaj ntau dhau hauv cov ntshav (hloov hyperglycemia).

Gestational diabetes tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub trimester thib 2. Nws tuaj yeem yog asymptomatic heev thiab yog li mus tsis pom lossis pom cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li lwm hom ntshav qab zib: nqhis dej ntau, tso zis ntau zaus, qaug zog hnyav, tsis xis nyob me, thiab lwm yam.

Gestational diabetes tuaj yeem kav ntev rau lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab tom qab ntawd ploj mus lossis yog qhov qhia tau tias tsis paub txog ntshav qab zib yav dhau los. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, gestational ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab kho vim nws ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau leej niam thiab menyuam.

Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai

Kev xeeb tub yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm ntshav qab zib vim tias kev hloov pauv hormonal uas tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tau ua rau lub cev muaj zog ntawm insulin tsis kam uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub.

Kev kuaj ntshav yog ua los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim, hauv chav kuaj mob, feem ntau ntawm 24 thiab 28 lub lim tiam ntawm amenorrhea hauv txhua tus poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj kev pheej hmoo. Kev kuaj ntshav qab zib thawj zaug yog ua tiav ntawm lub plab khoob, tom qab ntawd kuaj OGTT (Qhov ncauj Hyperglycemia) uas sib haum rau kev noj 75 g ntawm cov piam thaj hauv ib zaug. Ib tus nqi siab tshaj qhov qub qub (0,92g / L ntawm lub plab khoob; los yog 1,80g / L 1 teev tom qab cov piam thaj hauv qhov ncauj; lossis 1,53g / L 2 teev tom qab) txaus los kuaj ntshav qab zib gestational.

Txij li xyoo 2010, hauv Fab Kis, cov kws kho mob ntshav qab zib thiab kws kho mob gynecologist tau pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem rau cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm gestational diabetes:

• cev xeeb tub lig: hauv cov poj niam hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoos, qhov tshwm sim nce mus txog 14,2%
• Lub cev qhov hnyav (BMI> 25kg / m²): hauv cov poj niam rog dhau lossis rog, qhov tshwm sim nce mus txog 11,1% thiab 19,1% raws li
• keeb kwm ntawm tus kheej ntawm gestational diabetes: rau cov poj niam uas twb muaj ntshav qab zib gestational thaum cev xeeb tub dhau los, qhov tshwm sim nce mus txog 50%
• tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm ntshav qab zib hom 2 (niam txiv, kwv tij, muam)
• Keeb kwm ntawm fetal macrosomia: yug me nyuam hnyav tshaj 4 kg

Kev noj zaub mov kom zoo uas tswj tau cov carbohydrates (qab zib) yog lub hauv paus rau kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm gestational diabetes. Yog li, yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib gestational, koj lub hom phiaj yog ua kom cov ntshav qab zib nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv uas tau txais thiab kom tsis txhob nce ntau dhau (hyperglycemia).

Txhawm rau tswj hwm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov ntshav qab zib, ib qho kev xav uas tsis paub meej rau cov pej xeem tab sis cov ntaub ntawv twg pib nthuav dav ntxiv, yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo: Glycemic Index (GI).

Glycemic Performance index ntawm cov zaub mov yog nws lub peev xwm nce glycemia (cov ntshav qab zib) piv rau cov nqi siv, qabzib.

Qhov siab dua Glycemic Index (GI) ntawm cov khoom noj, qhov ntau nws nce ntshav qab zib ntau. Qhov thim rov qab yog qhov tseeb siv tau. Lub hom phiaj, yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib gestational, yog noj cov zaub mov GI qis lossis nruab nrab, lossis tsawg kawg tsis txhob noj cov zaub mov GI siab uas ua rau koj cov ntshav qab zib hnyav heev.

Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj GI siab thiab cov lus qhia los hloov lawv kom muaj kev txaus siab ntawm kev noj mov ntawm lub rooj thaum koj cev xeeb tub:

Qab zib qab zib

Cov dej qab zib, txawm tias ntuj (cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo) lossis tsis yog (soda lossis syrup) nce ntshav qab zib. Tib yam yog qhov txawv ntawm rooj plaub rau cov dej qab zib uas yuav ua rau cov ntshav qab zib ntau ntau li cov classic versions. Lub hlwb yuav lees paub cov khoom qab zib ua suab thaj tiag tiag.

Tswv yim: Nyiam tseem los yog dej sparkling, dawb los yog rau ib tug festive kov nrog ice cubes thiab ib daim ntawm txiv qaub los yog mint nplooj. Txiv lws suav los yog zaub kua txiv kuj yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau aperitifs, piv txwv li. Yog tias koj xav tau ib khob kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, pab koj tus kheej mus rau ib khob me me (150 ml) uas koj tuaj yeem coj mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tsuas yog nco ntsoov haus nws ib txwm tom qab koj pib noj mov kom txwv nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nce koj cov ntshav qab zib. Hauv luv: tsis txhob haus kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub plab khoob!

Kis, zib mu, jam thiab qab zib

Kev sib kis, txawm tias cov organic lossis tsis yog, tsis muaj roj txiv ntoo lossis tsis muaj, nrog cov qab zib qab zib lossis tsis, ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntau. Tib yam mus rau cov suab thaj dawb, suab thaj xim av thiab cov suab thaj xim av, tab sis kuj, txhua yam ntxiv rau classic jams thiab zib ntab.

Tswv yim: Thaum sawv ntxov, ntawm koj lub ci ci, xaiv butter. Txij lub sij hawm, piv txwv li, tso cai rau koj tus kheej qhov sib npaug ntawm ib tablespoon ntawm jam tsis ntxiv qab zib uas koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv cov organic los yog dietetic seem. Txhawm rau kom qab zib koj cov dej qab zib, nyiam agave syrup lossis fructose, uas koj yuav pom hauv cov khw muag khoom loj hauv seem organic. Lawv cov GI yog feem ntau 15 thiab 30 tawm tsam 100 rau qab zib.Raws li kev sib kis, tag nrho cov almond puree tsis muaj suab thaj ntxiv uas koj tuaj yeem ntxiv me ntsis agave phoov, yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau qee zaus noj.

Khoom qab zib thiab pastries

Cov khoom qab zib xws li ncuav pastries, qab zib qab zib thiab ice cream yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb uas muab lawv cov teebmeem ntawm cov ntshav qab zib. Tib yam mus rau cov khoom qab zib, khoom qab zib thiab cov qhob noom xim kasfes ua yuav luag tsuas yog cov suab thaj tsis zoo.

Tswv yim: Tsis txhob muab koj tus kheej ntawm cov khoom qab zib zoo yog tias nws ua rau koj xav tau, tab sis tsuas yog yog tias koj cov ntshav qab zib tau tso cai rau nws thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qee lub sijhawm. Ib zaug ib lub lim tiam zoo li yog qhov tsim nyog zaus. Ntxiv dua thiab, yog tias koj poob rau cov khoom qab zib qab zib, nco ntsoov haus nws thaum kawg ntawm pluas noj, tom qab noj cov zaub zoo uas yuav txo qis glycemic load ntawm pluas noj.

Refined grain khoom thiab qhob cij dawb

Cereals yog ib txwm nplua nuj nyob rau hauv fiber, vitamins, minerals thiab kab kawm. Tab sis cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo no ploj zuj zus vim tias cov cereal tau ua tiav thiab ua kom zoo dua. Qhov no yog li cas qhob cij dawb (thiab qhob cij wholemeal) muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam li cov piam thaj dawb ntawm cov ntshav qab zib. Classic pasta kuj yog cov khoom lag luam uas tau ua tiav thiab ua kom zoo rau qhov chaw uas nws nce qib ntshav qab zib.

Tswv yim: tau kawg, txuas ntxiv noj cov khoom nplej xws li nplej zom thiab mov tsis tu ncua, tab sis xaiv rau tag nrho cov nplej zom thiab cov nplej xim av. Kuj nyiam basmati nplej uas yog ntau yam uas ua rau cov ntshav qab zib tsawg tshaj plaws. Kuj xav txog bulgour, quinoa, lentils, cais peas, chickpeas thiab taum qhuav kom sib txawv ntawm qhov txaus siab. Cov zaub mov no muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis rau kev nce koj cov ntshav qab zib. Rau qhob cij, nyiam bran qhob cij thiab dub qhob cij piv txwv. Thiab yog tias koj ua koj tus kheej lub khob cij, ua nrog cov hmoov nplej tag nrho uas koj yuav pom hauv cov organic seem ntawm koj lub tsev loj.

Qos yaj ywm

Qos yaj ywm, txawm lawv txoj kev ua noj thiab kev npaj, yog lub foob pob glycemic tiag tiag: lawv cov GI nyob ntawm 65 txog 95.

Tswv yim: koj tuaj yeem hloov cov qos yaj ywm hauv tag nrho koj cov tais diav uas muaj cov qos yaj ywm qab zib (GI = 50): gratin, kua zaub, raclette, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias koj nyiam qos yaj ywm, hauv zaub xam lav lossis hash xim av piv txwv li los yog ob peb fries, ib txwm nrog lawv nrog zaub ntsuab zoo kom sib npaug glycemic load ntawm pluas noj. Qhov zoo tagnrho yog ib txwm noj tsawg kawg yog zaub xam lav ntau npaum li qos yaj ywm.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub yog cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv zoo tshaj plaws uas, ntxiv rau kev nplua nuj nyob hauv cov vitamins, minerals, fiber ntau thiab antioxidants, ua rau muaj kev nce qib hauv cov ntshav qab zib.

Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias qee cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo paub tias qab zib, tsuas yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav, txiv tsawb thiab txiv tsawb (nrog cov pob ntawm daim tawv nqaij) yuav tsum tau noj kom tsis txhob muaj cov piam thaj hauv ntshav. Rau lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv qhov ntau yuav raug txwv rau ib qho kev noj mov. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum kawg ntawm pluas noj kom txo qis hauv cov ntshav qab zib.

Zaub yuav tsum tau noj ntawm lub siab nyiam, yam tsis muaj kev zam.

Legumes

Legumes, tseem hu ua "pulses", suav nrog: lentils (txiv kab ntxwv, ntsuab, dub), lentils, taum qhuav (liab, liab, dawb, dub, txiv maj phaub, azuki, tarbais, mung, flageolet, cornilla), taum dav, peas ( cais, qaib, tag nrho).

Legumes tseem muaj cov txiaj ntsig kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus ntseeg thaum cev xeeb tub: nplua nuj nyob hauv cov proteins thiab cov amino acids tseem ceeb, fibers thiab minerals, vitamin B9, lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov ntshav qab zib. Txhawm rau ua kom lawv digestible, ob lub tswv yim: soak lawv ib hmos hauv dej txias nrog ib tug nyem ntawm txiv qaub los yog ntxiv ib teaspoon ntawm ci dej qab zib rau hauv dej ua noj.

khoom noj siv mis

Cov khoom noj mis nyuj, nplua nuj hauv calcium thiab proteins, tsis hais los ntawm nyuj, yaj lossis tshis, yuav tsum tau nyiam thaum cev xeeb tub. Cov no yog yogurts, fromage blanc, faisselle thiab me Swiss. Ceev faj, txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob ua rau lawv tsis meej pem nrog cov khoom qab zib qab zib thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib uas muaj ntau ntawm cov khw muag khoom loj. Rau cov khoom noj siv mis, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv lawv dawb thiab ntxiv koj qhov kov ntawm delicacy: cinnamon, kua txiv qaub, vanilla noob, thiab lwm yam. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv koj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab los yog noj nrog koj cov compote. Thiab yog vim li cas ho tsis muab cov khoom noj siv mis nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab ob peb lub khob dej khov ua kom cov dej qab zib qab.

Nqaij, ntses thiab qe 

nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov proteins tab sis kuj muaj fatty acids thiab cov vitamins, nqaij, ntses thiab qe yog tag nrho cov khoom noj uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg thaum cev xeeb tub. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim tsis muaj cov khoom noj no muaj carbohydrates: lawv yuav tsis ua rau koj cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv.

Xaiv ib qho nqaij, ntses lossis 2 qe, ob qho tib si rau noj su thiab noj hmo. Thiab nco ntsoov noj ntses tsawg kawg ob zaug hauv ib lub lis piam (nrog rau cov ntses rog ib zaug) rau nws cov nplua nuj nyob hauv Omega-3.