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Myopia cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Yog vim li cas rau qhov fuzzy xaav ntawm cov khoom nyob deb ntawm lub qhov muag yog ua txhaum ntawm lub tsom teeb ntawm lub rays ntawm lub retina (vim lub siab refractive hwj chim ntawm lub qhov muag apparatus).
Hauv cov neeg noj qab haus huv, lub teeb rays uas tsim daim duab yog tsom rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm retina, thiab hauv cov neeg myopic, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub cornea nrog lub lens refracs lub rays ntau tshaj qhov tsim nyog. Pathology tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim los yog daim ntawv thaum lub neej (kev loj hlob qeeb lossis sai txaus).
Nrog myopia, qhov loj ntawm lub qhov muag yuav loj dua li ib txwm, ces qhov hu ua axial myopia yog tsim. Yog hais tias lub pathology yog txuam nrog kev ua si ntawm lub teeb-refracting ib feem ntawm lub qhov muag, qhov no yog ib daim ntawv refractive.
Raws li qhov hnyav yog txawv:
- tsis muaj zog ntawm myopia - mus txog 3 diopters;
- nruab nrab - los ntawm 3,25 mus rau 6,0 diopters;
- hnyav - ntau tshaj 6 diopters.
Nws puas tuaj yeem hnav lo ntsiab muag nrog myopia
Kev kho lub lens yog siv los txhim kho qhov pom kev hauv txhua qhov kev puas tsuaj. Xws li myopia. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv lo ntsiab muag yog txhawm rau txo lub zog refractive hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov muag, tsom cov duab hauv nruab nrab ntawm retina.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lo ntsiab muag rau myopia thiab lo ntsiab muag zoo tib yam?
Txhawm rau kho qhov tsis pom kev hauv myopia, cov kws kho mob xaiv cov lo ntsiab muag tshem tawm. Cov khoom no muaj cov duab concave, nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov lawv tau qhia los ntawm kos npe "-". Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm myopia, lawv muaj peev xwm kho qhov pom ntawm 100%; nyob rau hauv cov qib hnyav, lawv ua kom pom kev zoo dua los ntawm kev txo qis lub zog refractive ntawm lub teeb coj cov cuab yeej.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub diopters ntawm lub lo ntsiab muag (lawv lub hwj chim kho qhov muag) raws nraim nrog lub peev xwm refractive ntawm lub qhov muag. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev xaiv ntawm lo ntsiab muag yuav tsum tsuas yog tom qab ib tug ua tiav kev ntsuam xyuas los ntawm ib tug ophthalmologist, instrumental diagnostics. Tus kws kho mob yuav sau ib daim ntawv tshuaj rau lo ntsiab muag nrog tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom.
Ntxiv nrog rau tus naj npawb ntawm diopters, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub vojvoog ntawm curvature ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog uas thaum hnav, lub lens rov ua dua cov duab ntawm lub cornea, txwv tsis pub nws yuav txav los yog nias ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Kev hnav kev nplij siab kuj tseem ceeb heev, yog li kev sib haum xeeb thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cornea yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug los xaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag. Nrog rau qhov muag rhiab heev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov qauv mos biocompatible uas pom tau zoo los ntawm lub qhov muag.
Qhov lo ntsiab muag twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau myopia
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb lo ntsiab muag twg siv tau rau myopia - tawv lossis mos.
Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob pom zoo cov khoom muag muag, lawv yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim rau siv, yuav luag tsis hnov tsw ntawm qhov muag. Lawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm hydrogel lossis silicone hydrogel.
Rigid lo ntsiab muag tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas myopia yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim ntawm keratoconus lossis lwm yam pathologies ntawm qhov muag tsom iav (pob txha deformity). Lawv yog cov tuab hauv cov qauv, tsis txhob poob lawv cov duab thaum hnav.
Raws li lub sijhawm hloov pauv, cov lo ntsiab muag pov tseg yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab nyab xeeb. Thaum nruab hnub, ntau qhov tso nyiaj tsis muaj sij hawm los sau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lo ntsiab muag thiab cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab mob ntawm lub qhov muag ntau. Cov lo ntsiab muag no tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, lawv muab pov tseg tom qab tshem tawm.
Kuj tseem muaj cov lo ntsiab muag uas hloov tom qab ib lub sijhawm - 2 - 4 lub lis piam. Lawv pheej yig dua, tab sis lawv xav tau kev tu thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tu ncua.
Kev tshuaj xyuas cov kws kho mob txog lo ntsiab muag rau myopia
"Kev sib cuag lo ntsiab muag yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los kho myopia," hais Olga Gladkova kws kho mob ophthalmologist. - Tus neeg mob tau txais lub zeem muag pom tseeb, thaj chaw ntawm kev pom tsis txwv los ntawm tus ncej ntawm lub spectacle ncej. Cov lo ntsiab muag tau yooj yim rau kev ua kis las, tsav tsheb. Tab sis thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub computer ntev ntev, kev nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov tsom iav, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv ntawm "qhuav" qhov muag syndrome.
Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb
Peb tau tham nrog Olga Gladkova kws kho mob ophthalmologist hais txog kev xaiv rau hnav lo ntsiab muag rau myopia, muaj peev xwm contraindications rau lawv siv, ntev hnav thiab lwm yam nuances.
Cov lo ntsiab muag puas siv los kho myopia?
Puas muaj tej contraindications rau hnav lo ntsiab muag rau myopia?
● inflammatory pathologies nyob rau hauv anterior ntu ntawm lub qhov muag (conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, uveitis);
● lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov muag qhuav;
● muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub lacrimal ducts;
● txheeb xyuas decompensated glaucoma;
● lub xub ntiag ntawm keratoconus 2 - 3 degrees;
● nthuav tawm cov kab mob cataract.