Lub spermocytogram yog ib qho ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb nrhiav txiv neej fertility. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas phev, nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas qhov morphology ntawm 3 peb cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov phev: lub taub hau, nruab nrab ib feem thiab flagellum.

Lub spermocytogram yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas tsom rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov morphology ntawm cov phev, ib qho ntawm cov phev tsis tau kawm ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj fertility. Nws tso cai rau txhais cov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug, uas yog hais txog spermatozoa ntawm ib txwm morphology, ib qho tseem ceeb prognostic cov ntaub ntawv los txhais cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm fertilization. nyob rau hauv vivo (natural cev xeeb tub) thiab nyob rau hauv vivo. Lub spermocytogram yog vim li no ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los coj kev tswj hwm ntawm ob niam txiv hauv kev sib deev, classic in vitro fertilization (IVF) lossis txhaj tshuaj intracytoplasmic phev (ICSI).

Lub spermocytogram yog ua los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov phev los ntawm tus txiv neej. Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev sau cov phev yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai nruj:

• tau pom ib lub sij hawm ntawm kev sib deev abstinence ntawm 2 mus rau 7 hnub, raws li WHO cov lus pom zoo ntawm 2010 (1);
• Thaum kub taub hau, tshuaj, X-ray, phais, kev sau yuav raug ncua vim tias cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem hloov pauv spermatogenesis.

Kev sau yuav tshwm sim hauv chav kuaj. Hauv ib chav tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb, tom qab ua tib zoo ntxuav tes thiab lub caj pas, tus txiv neej khaws nws cov phev rau hauv lub raj mis tsis muaj menyuam, tom qab ua kom tiav.

Tom qab ntawd cov phev muab tso rau hauv qhov cub ntawm 37 ° C rau 30 feeb, tom qab ntawd ntau yam phev tsis tau txheeb xyuas: cov phev concentration, lawv txoj kev txav mus los, lawv qhov tseem ceeb thiab lawv cov morphology.

Qhov kev ntsuas kawg no, lossis spermocytogram, yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm cov spermogram. Nyob rau hauv X1000 microscope, ntawm taag thiab stained smears, tus kws kho tsiaj tshawb fawb txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov spermatozoa txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov txawv txav:

• kev txawv txav ntawm lub taub hau;
• anomalies ntawm qhov nruab nrab ib feem;
• abnormalities ntawm flagellum, los yog ib feem tseem ceeb.

Los ntawm kev nyeem ntawv no, tus kws kho tsiaj yuav txheeb xyuas qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm morphologically raug lossis atypical spermatozoa, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txawv txav. 

Lub spermocytogram yog nqa tawm raws li ib feem ntawm cov spermogram (kev soj ntsuam cov phev), ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas systematically muab rau cov txiv neej thaum lub sij hawm fertility check-up ntawm ob peb sab laj txog teeb meem nyob rau hauv xeeb tub.

Ob qhov kev faib tawm muaj nyob rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm spermocytogram: hloov kho David kev faib tawm (2), Fabkis, thiab kev faib tawm Kruger, thoob ntiaj teb, pom zoo los ntawm World Health Organization (WHO). Kev faib tawm siv yuav raug qhia ntawm cov txiaj ntsig.

Ob lub tshuab sau tag nrho cov kev txawv txav uas pom nyob rau ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 100 spermatozoa, tab sis nrog rau qhov sib txawv:

• Kev faib tawm ntawm Kruger txheeb xyuas 4 chav kawm ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb raws li qhov tseem ceeb: kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog lub acrosome (ib feem ntawm lub taub hau), cov ntawm lub taub hau, cov nruab nrab ib feem thiab cov flagellum. Nws tsuas yog siv ib qho anomaly nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm 4 chav kawm rau cov spermatozoon kom muab cais ua "atypical daim ntawv";
• David txoj kev hloov kev faib tawm txheeb xyuas 7 anomalies ntawm lub taub hau (elongated, thinned, microcephalic, macrocephalic, ntau lub taub hau, nthuav qhia ib qho txawv txav los yog tsis muaj acrosome, nthuav qhia lub hauv paus txawv txav), 3 anomalies ntawm nruab nrab ib feem (muaj cytoplasmic residue, hnyuv me, angulated) thiab 5 anomalies flagellum (tsis tuaj, txiav luv, irregular gauge, coiled thiab ntau) nyob rau hauv ib tug ob chav nkag rooj.

Qhov chaw pib ntawm cov duab raug kuj txawv raws li ob qhov kev faib tawm. Raws li kev faib tawm Kruger, cov phev morphology tau hais tias yog ib txwm muaj thaum ib tus pom muaj tsawg kawg yog 4% ntawm cov phev spermatozoa, tawm tsam 15% raws li kev hloov kho David. Hauv qab no, peb tham txog teratospermia (los yog teratozoospermia), ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm cov phev uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev xeeb tub.

Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho spermogram txawv txav ib txwm yuav tsum tau kuaj zaum ob ntawm 3 lub hlis (lub sijhawm ntawm lub voj voog spermatogenesis yog 74 hnub), vim tias muaj ntau yam (kev ntxhov siab, kab mob, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov phev tsis zoo.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim muaj pov thawj teratozoospermia, IVF-ICSI (nyob rau hauv vitro fertilization nrog intracytoplasmic txhaj) yuav muab rau ob leeg. Cov txheej txheem AMP no muaj kev txhaj tshuaj ib leeg phev, yav tas los xaiv thiab npaj, ncaj qha rau hauv cytoplasm ntawm cov laus oocyte.