Spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus) yees duab thiab piav qhia

Spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus)

• Agaric nplua Scopoli (1772)
• nplaum agaric Schaeffer (1774)
• Agaric xim av Batsch (1783)
• Agaricus limacinus Dickson (1785)
• Agaric npog Kev tuag (1792)
• Adherent agaric JF Gmelin (1792)
• Agaric hmoov Cov neeg
• Viscous ntaub Grey (1821)
• Gomphidius glutinous (Schaeffer) Fries (1836)
• Gomphus glutinous (Schaeffer) P. Kummer (1871)
• Leucogomphidius glutinosus Kotlaba & Pouzar, 1972
• Gomphidius glutinous (Schaeffer) Kotlaba & Pouzar (1972)

Lub npe tam sim no yog gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeffer) Kotlaba & Pouzar (1972)

Tsev neeg Gomphidiaceae yog sawv cev los ntawm ib lub genus, Gomphidius (Mokruha). Cov nceb ntawm tsev neeg no, txawm hais tias lawv yog lamellar, raws li kev faib tawm, muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov fungi ntawm tsev neeg Boletaceae, uas muaj xws li genera, piv txwv li, mossiness nceb, butterflies, butterflies.

Lub etymology ntawm lub npe generic los ntawm γομφος (Greek) - "molar hniav, ntsia thawv", thiab cov epithet tshwj xeeb los ntawm glutinosus (lat.) - "nplaum, viscous, viscous"

Taub hau 4-10 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla (qee zaum loj hlob mus txog 14 cm), nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais nceb nws yog hemispherical, ces convex, convex-prostrate nrog ib tug nyuaj siab chaw. Ib qho me me blunt tubercle tej zaum yuav nyob twj ywm hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hau. Lub ntug ntawm lub hau yog tuab, muaj zog nkhaus rau ntawm qia, straightens thaum nws loj tuaj, thaum tseem txuas ntxiv, pom zoo sib npaug. Lub cuticle (daim tawv nqaij) yog du, npog nrog cov hnoos qeev tuab, ci ntsa iab hauv cov huab cua qhuav thaum qhuav, yooj yim thiab cais tag nrho ntawm lub cev ntawm lub hau. Grey, greyish xim av nrog ib tug liab doog tint raws ntug mus rau grey xiav thiab chocolate xim av nrog ib tug liab doog tint, qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub kaus mom yuav tsaus dua. Nrog hnub nyoog, tag nrho saum npoo ntawm spruce mokruha cap tuaj yeem npog nrog cov pob dub. Lub kaus mom txuas nrog lub qia nrog pob tshab, cobwebbed, daim ntaub thaiv ntiag tug; nyob rau hauv cov nceb paub tab, cov seem ntawm daim ntaub thaiv nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub hau rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Hymenophore nceb - lamellar. Cov phaj yog tuab arcuate, nqis mus rau stalk, tsawg heev (8-10 pieces / cm), heev branched, 6 mus rau 10 mm dav, nyob rau hauv cov hluas nceb nyob rau hauv ib tug slimy coverlet ntawm ib tug dawb xim, tom qab tawg lub coverlet, daim hlau. raug nthuav tawm thiab hloov xim nrog hnub nyoog mus rau ntshav-xim av, yuav luag dub, qhov seem ntawm coverlet tsim ib lub nplhaib slimy inexpressive ntawm ceg.

Pulp loj heev fleshy, nkig, dawb nrog ib tug pinkish tinge, brownish nyob rau hauv lub cuticle, ua grayish nrog lub hnub nyoog. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm qia yog nplua nuj chrome-daj xim. Cov saj yog qaub, nyob rau hauv ib co qhov chaw - sweetish, tsw yog qaug zog, qab ntxiag nceb. Thaum puas lawm, cov xim ntawm lub pulp tsis hloov.

Ntsuas kab mob

Spore hmoov yog xim av tsaus, yuav luag dub.

Spores 7,5-21,25 x 5,5-7 microns, spindle-elliptical, du, xim av, daj-xim av (hauv Meltzer's reagent), poob zoo li.

Basidia 40-50 x 8-10 µm, club-shaped, 4-spore, hyaline, tsis muaj clamps.

Cheilocystidia muaj ntau, cylindrical los yog me ntsis fusiform, 100-130 x 10-15 µm nyob rau hauv loj, ib co yog embedded nyob rau hauv ib tug xim av amorphous mass.

Pleurocystidia tsis tshua muaj.

ceg 50-110 x 6-20 mm, siab cylindrical, o nyob rau hauv qis thib peb, qee zaum thinned ntawm lub hauv paus. dawb thiab qhuav saum cheeb tsam annular. Lub nplhaib slimy, inexpressive nplhaib nyob rau hauv lub sab sauv peb ntawm qia; Raws li cov fungus matures, nws tig dub los ntawm spores. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam annular, lub stalk yog mucous, nplaum, ntawm lub hauv paus nws yog chrome-daj ob qho tib si rau saum npoo thiab hauv seem. Nyob rau hauv qab kawg, ceg yog dub. Nyob rau hauv mature nceb, qia hloov xim av.

Nws loj hlob ob qho tib si ntawm limestone thiab acidic moist av nyob rau hauv coniferous thiab mixed forests, tab sis ib txwm nyob rau hauv spruce, uas nws tsim mycorrhiza. Feem ntau tsawg dua mycorrhiza cov ntaub ntawv nrog ntoo thuv. Loj hlob nyob rau hauv mosses, heather, hav zoov pem teb, feem ntau nyob rau hauv pawg.

Nruab nrab Lub Xya Hli mus txog rau Frost. Loj heev fructifies los ntawm lub yim hli ntuj mus rau lub Cuaj Hli. Nws raug faib thoob plaws rau sab qaum teb thiab thaj chaw huab cua ntawm cov koom pheej ntawm yav dhau los USSR, hauv Altai Territory, Western Europe, thiab North America.

Ib qho nceb noj tau ntawm IV qeb, nco txog qhov saj ntawm butter, yog pom zoo kom tev thiab boiled ua ntej siv. Siv los ua kua ntses, stews. Nws kuj yog nrov nyob rau hauv kev txuag: salting, pickling. Hauv North America, nceb yog cog.

Nws tsis muaj inedible thiab lom counterparts. Pom tau, qee zaum nws tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog npauj npaim, tab sis nrog kev saib tsis pom ntawm lamellar hymenophore ntawm mokruha, txhua qhov kev tsis ntseeg yuav ploj mus tam sim. Zoo li ib txhia ntawm nws cov txheeb ze hauv tsev neeg.

Mokruha pom (Gomphidius maculatus)

 nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm lub kaus mom nrog cov yam ntxwv me ntsis, nrog rau cov nqaij reddening nyob rau hauv qhov txiav thiab txiv ntseej-xim spore hmoov.

Dub rhinoceros (Chroogomphus rutilus)

 zoo sib xws heev. Nws muaj xim liab dawb thiab nyiam loj hlob hauv qab ntoo thuv.