La thyroid yog ib tug npauj npaim caj pas nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub caj dab, hauv qab ntawm Adas lub kua. Nws tsim cov thyroid hormones tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm yooj yim metabolism, metabolism muab lub zog tseem ceeb rau lub cev los tswj nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb: lub plawv, lub hlwb, ua pa, plab zom mov, tswj lub cev kub.

Nws tsis yooj yim rau a me me loj cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas, rau cov laj thawj uas tseem feem ntau tsis paub. Peb muab nws lub npe ntawm cov thyroid nodule (Latin nodulus, me me pob).

Cov thyroid nodules muaj ntau heev: nruab nrab ntawm 5 thiab 20% ntawm cov pej xeem muaj ib tug nodule ntawm ntau tshaj 1 cm perceived ntawm palpation thiab yog hais tias peb suav cov non-palpable nodules txheeb xyuas tsuas yog ultrasound, 40 mus rau 50% ntawm cov pejxeem muaj cov thyroid nodule. . Rau cov laj thawj tej zaum hormonal, cov nodules yog kwv yees li 4 npaug ntau zaus hauv cov cov poj niam tshaj nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej.

Hom thyroid nodules

• Colloidal nodule. Feem ntau hom nodule, lub colloidal nodule yog tsim los ntawm ib txwm hlwb.
• Cysts. Cysts yog tsim muaj kua. Lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob mus txog ob peb centimeters hauv txoj kab uas hla. Lawv yog, rau feem ntau, benign.
• Inflammatory nodule. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas muaj thyroiditis, o ntawm cov thyroid. Thyroiditis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob autoimmune (ib kab mob uas lub cev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau nws tus kheej), xws li Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab cev xeeb tub.
• Adenoma. Nws yog benign qog. Anatomically, qog nqaij hlav zoo li cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab nyob zoo hauv cov thyroid caj pas. Txhawm rau paub qhov txawv ntawm adenoma los ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav, kev kuaj ntshav yog tsim nyog.
• Mob qog noj ntshav. Cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav (los yog mob qog noj ntshav) sawv cev rau 5% mus rau 10% ntawm cov thyroid nodules. Cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav tsawg heev. Muaj 4000 tus neeg mob tshiab hauv Fabkis ib xyoos (rau 40 mob qog noj ntshav mis). Nws cuam tshuam cov poj niam hauv 000% ntawm cov neeg mob. Nws qhov xwm txheej tau nce ntxiv hauv txhua lub tebchaws. Nodules muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, tab sis cov txiv neej muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov thyroid nodule. Cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm cov teeb meem thyroid lossis uas tau txais kev kho hluav taws xob rau lub taub hau lossis caj dab thaum menyuam yaus muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua. Qhov mob qog noj ntshav no feem ntau kho tau zoo heev nrog rau 75-xyoo kev muaj sia nyob ntau dua 5%.