Tom qab thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub mus ntsib uas yog qhov pib ntawm kev xeeb tub tom qab, tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev mus saib xyuas txhua lub hlis. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kev sib tham txhua hli no: txhawm rau saib xyuas qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam, txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem ntawm cev xeeb tub kom ntxov li sai tau thiab xyuas kom meej qhov kev noj qab haus huv ntawm leej niam.

Hauv Fab Kis, kev saib xyuas cev xeeb tub suav nrog 3 ultrasounds, tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tab sis muaj kev qhia zoo rau cov niam uas muaj menyuam thiab pom zoo:

• thawj lub npe hu ua dating ultrasound yuav tsum tau ua ntawm 11 thiab 13 WA + 6 hnub;
• thib ob thiaj li hu ua morphological ultrasound ntawm 22 lub lis piam;
• thib peb ultrasound ntawm 32 lub lis piam.

Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib tham ua ntej yug me nyuam, gynecologist los yog midwife kawm txog daim ntawv qhia ultrasound thiab tej zaum yuav tau muab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv los yog kho qhov kev kuaj xyuas cev xeeb tub.

Tom qab thawj zaug ultrasound:

• Yog hais tias qhov ntsuas ntawm nuchal translucency ntawm ultrasound ua ke nrog cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov ntshav cov cim thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm leej niam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm trisomy 21 ntau dua 1/250, trophoblast biopsy lossis amniocentesis yuav muab rau leej niam txhawm rau tsim kom muaj karyotype;
• Yog tias qhov kev sib tham biometric (kev ntsuas ntawm qee qhov ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab) qhia txog lub hnub nyoog gestational txawv ntawm qhov uas xam raws li lub sijhawm dhau los, tus kws kho mob yuav hloov kho APD (hnub xav tau ntawm tus menyuam) thiab kho daim ntawv qhia cev xeeb tub raws li.

Tom qab ob lub ultrasound:

• Yog tias kuaj pom tus menyuam hauv plab tsis zoo lossis yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj xyuas ultrasound lossis xa niam-rau-tus mus rau qhov chaw kuaj mob ua ntej yug menyuam;
• Yog hais tias lub ultrasound qhia tau hais tias lub tsev me nyuam hloov (tso pom zoo los ntawm ib qho endovaginal ultrasound), tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv qee yam kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv kev hem thawj ntawm kev yug ntxov ntxov: tawm mob, so, lossis txawm tias mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thaum muaj mob;
• Yog tias qhov kev loj hlob ntawm fetus tsis txaus siab, kev soj ntsuam xyuas ultrasound yuav raug txiav txim los saib xyuas tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob.

Tom qab qhov thib peb ultrasound:

• Nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm ultrasound (biometry thiab kev nthuav qhia ntawm tus menyuam, kwv yees qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, txoj haujlwm ntawm lub placenta) thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm leej niam (thaum sab hauv pelvimetry los ntawm qhov chaw mos los ntsuas qhov morphology ntawm pelvis tshwj xeeb) , gynecologist los yog midwife ua ib tug prognosis nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm kev yug menyuam. Yog tias qhov chaw mos yug me nyuam zoo li nyuaj, pheej hmoo los yog tsis yooj yim sua (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm placenta previa npog tshwj xeeb), ib qho chaw phais yuav raug teem sijhawm;
• Yog hais tias ib tug foeto-pelvic disproportion (kev pheej hmoo tias tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem dhau ntawm lub plab mog) yog xav tias, pelvimetry yuav raug muab tshuaj xyuas qhov ntev ntawm leej niam lub plab mog;
• nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm, ib tug sab nraud maneuver version (VME) yuav raug txiav txim siab;
• Yog hais tias lub fetus loj hlob, qhov zoo ntawm fetal-niam pauv pauv los yog kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov kua amniotic tsis txaus siab, yuav ua raws li ultrasound.

Ntxiv rau peb lub ultrasounds uas, ua tsaug rau biometrics, tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab los saib xyuas, gynecologist lossis midwife muaj cov cuab yeej yooj yim heev los ua raws li qhov kev loj hlob no thaum muaj kev sib tham ua ntej txhua hli: ntsuas qhov siab ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Qhov kev taw qhia no muaj nyob rau hauv kev ntsuas, siv lub seamstress daim kab xev ntsuas, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub Upper ntug ntawm lub pubic symphysis (cov pob txha pubic) thiab lub tsev menyuam nyiaj (qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev menyuam). Raws li lub tsev menyuam loj hlob nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem rau tus me nyuam, qhov kev ntsuas no muab ib qho kev qhia zoo ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam nrog rau cov kua amniotic. Tus kws kho mob ua qhov taw qhia no ntawm txhua qhov kev sib tham ua ntej yug menyuam txij thaum 4th ntawm cev xeeb tub.

Thaum muaj kev sib tham ua ntej yug menyuam, tus kws kho mob gynecologist lossis tus kws yug menyuam kuaj xyuas, nrog ob peb nqe lus nug, ntawm koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv - lub cev tab sis kuj muaj lub hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd tsis txhob yig los qhia koj cov kab mob ntawm cev xeeb tub (xws li xeev siab, ntuav, kua qaub reflux, mob nraub qaum, pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, hemorrhoids, thiab lwm yam) tab sis kuj muaj kev txhawj xeeb thiab kev ntxhov siab.

Nyob ntawm cov lus nug no, tus kws kho mob yuav muab ntau yam kev tu cev thiab kev noj haus rau koj los tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, yuav muab tshuaj kho kom haum rau kev xeeb tub.

Thaum muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws, nws tuaj yeem coj koj mus rau kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob hlwb, piv txwv li koj qhov chaw yug.

Nws tseem yuav mob siab rau koj txoj kev ua neej - noj zaub mov, haus luam yeeb, ua haujlwm thiab kev thauj mus los, thiab lwm yam - thiab yuav muab cov lus qhia tiv thaiv raws li, thiab yog tias tsim nyog yuav teeb tsa kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.

Thaum lub sij hawm kuaj mob, kev sib tham hauv txhua qhov kev sib tham ua ntej yug menyuam, tus kws kho mob kuaj xyuas ntau yam los xyuas kom koj muaj kev noj qab haus huv:

• noj ntshav siab, txhawm rau kuaj ntshav siab;
• qhov hnyav;
• palpation ntawm lub plab thiab tejzaum nws yog ib qhov chaw mos kuaj.

Nws kuj tseem saib xyuas koj tus mob thiab nug txog tej yam txawv txav: urinary disorders uas yuav qhia tau tias muaj kab mob urinary tract, txawv txav ntawm qhov chaw mos uas tej zaum yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm qhov chaw mos, kub taub hau, los ntshav, thiab lwm yam.

Tau kawg, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov cim ceeb toom, koj yuav tsum sab laj yam tsis muaj ncua sij hawm sib nrug los ntawm kev soj ntsuam txhua hli.

Qhov kev kuaj mob no, cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam kev kuaj mob lom neeg tau sau tseg thaum cev xeeb tub thiab kuaj ultrasound, kuj tseem tsom xyuas qee qhov teeb meem hauv plab thiab obstetric kom ntxov li sai tau:

• gestational ntshav qab zib;
• hypertension los yog pre-eclampsia;
• ncuav mog qab zib ua ntej;
• uterine loj hlob retardation (IUGR);
• ib tug raug mob preterm yug (PAD);
• cholestasis ntawm cev xeeb tub;
• Rhesus incompatibility;
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