Cancer (saib ua ntej)

Cancer (saib ua ntej)

Le cancer yog ib tug kab mob txaus ntshai, feem ntau pom tau tias yog "tus kab mob phem tshaj plaws". Nws yog qhov ua rau tuag ua ntej hnub nyoog 65 xyoo, hauv Canada thiab Fabkis. Ntau thiab ntau tus neeg tau kuaj pom tias mob qog noj ntshav hnub no, tab sis hmoov zoo ntau tus tau rov zoo los ntawm nws.

Muaj ntau tshaj ib puas hom mob cancer, los yog malignant qog, uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev sib txawv.

Hauv cov neeg nrog cancer, qee lub hlwb sib faib ua ntau dhau thiab tswj tsis tau. Cov noob ntawm cov hlwb deregulated no tau hloov pauv, lossis hloov pauv. Qee zaum cov kabmob hlwb txeeb cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig, lossis tawg tawm ntawm cov qog qub qub thiab tsiv mus rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Cov ntawd yog cov ” metastases ".

Feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav siv sijhawm ntau xyoo los tsim. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau txhua lub hnub nyoog, tab sis lawv feem ntau pom hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 60 thiab tshaj saud.

hais. benign qog tsis mob qog noj ntshav: lawv tsis zoo li yuav rhuav tshem cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze thiab kis thoob plaws lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem tso siab rau ntawm lub cev lossis cov ntaub so ntswg.

Ua rau

Lub cev muaj ib tug panoply ntawmcuab yeej los kho genetic "yuam kev" los yog outright rhuav tshem cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum cov cuab yeej no muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib qho laj thawj lossis lwm qhov.

Ntau yam tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm lossis ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws ntseeg tau tias nws feem ntau yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev pheej hmoo uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. LUB'muaj hnub nyoog yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Tab sis tam sim no nws tau lees paub tias kwv yees li ob feem peb ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav yog tshwm sim cwj pwm lub neej, feem ntau yog haus luam yeeb thiabkhoom noj khoom haus. Tshaj tawm cov carcinogens uas muaj nyob hauvib puag ncig (ua pa phem, tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm, tshuaj tua kab, thiab lwm yam) kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Thaum kawg, tus keeb kwm yam tshwm sim yuav luag 5% mus rau 15% ntawm cov neeg mob.

Txheeb cais

  • Kwv yees li 45% ntawm Canadians thiab 40% ntawm Canadian cov poj niam yuav mob qog noj ntshav hauv lawv lub neej82.
  • Raws li National Cancer Institute, xyoo 2011, muaj 365 tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav tshiab hauv Fabkis. Tib lub xyoo ntawd, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav tuag yog 500.
  • Ib tug ntawm 4 Canadians yuav tuag los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, tsis hais poj niam txiv neej. Mob ntsws cancer yog lub luag haujlwm rau ntau tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav.
  • Ntau tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav tau kuaj pom ntau dua li ua ntej, ib feem ntawm cov neeg laus thiab vim tias nws raug kuaj pom ntau dua.

Cancer thoob ntiaj teb

Feem ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav txawv ntawm thaj tsam mus rau thaj tsam ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Hauv Asia, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub plab, txoj hlab pas thiab daim siab yog ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv suav nrog ntau cov khoom noj qab ntsev, haus luam yeeb thiab marinated. Hauv Sub-Saharan Africa, mob qog noj ntshav thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam feem ntau tshwm sim vim kab mob siab thiab tib neeg papillomavirus (HPV). Hauv North America raws li zoo li hauv Teb chaws Europe, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub ntsws, txoj hnyuv, lub mis thiab prostate feem ntau tshwm sim, ntawm lwm yam vim yog haus luam yeeb, noj tsis zoo thiab rog. Ntawm Nyiv, noj cov nqaij liab, uas tau nce tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv 50 xyoo dhau los, tau nce qhov mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm 7 zaug.3. Cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw feem ntau xaus rau muaj mob tib yam li cov pej xeem ntawm lawv lub tebchaws3,4.

Cov ciaj sia taus

Tsis muaj kws kho mob tuaj yeem kwv yees paub tseeb tias mob qog noj ntshav yuav ua li cas lossis yuav ua li cas yuav muaj txoj sia nyob rau ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb. Kev txheeb cais ntawm cov neeg muaj sia nyob ua li cas, txawm li cas los xij, muab lub tswv yim ntawm yuav ua li cas tus kab mob mus rau hauv ib pawg neeg coob.

Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg mob rov zoo los ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav. Raws li kev tshawb fawb loj hauv Fab Kis, ntau dua 1 ntawm 2 tus neeg mob tseem muaj sia nyob 5 xyoos tom qab kuaj pom.1.

Le kho tus nqi nyob ntawm ntau yam: hom mob qog noj ntshav (qhov kev soj ntsuam zoo heev nyob rau hauv cov thyroid cancer, tab sis ntau tsawg yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pancreatic cancer), qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thaum lub sij hawm kuaj mob, cell malignancy, muaj. ntawm kev kho mob zoo, thiab lwm yam.

Txoj kev siv feem ntau los txiav txim qhov mob qog noj ntshav yog Classification TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastase), rau "mob", "ganglion" thiab "metastasis".

  • Le theem T (los ntawm 1 txog 4) piav txog qhov loj ntawm cov qog.
  • Le stade N (los ntawm 0 mus rau 3) piav qhia txog qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj cov kabmob metastases hauv cov qog ntshav nyob ze.
  • Le theem M (0 lossis 1) piav qhia txog qhov tsis muaj lossis muaj cov metastases nyob deb ntawm cov qog.

Mob qog noj ntshav li cas

Mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau yuav siv sij hawm ntau xyoo los tsim, yam tsawg kawg hauv cov neeg laus. Peb paub qhov txawv 3 kauj ruam3 :

  • pib. Cov noob ntawm ib lub cell puas lawm; qhov no tshwm sim ntau zaus. Piv txwv li, carcinogens hauv cov pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj. Feem ntau, lub xov tooj ntawm tes kho qhov yuam kev txiav. Yog hais tias qhov yuam kev yog irreparable, cell tuag. Qhov no hu ua apoptosis lossis cellular "suicide". Thaum kev kho lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm tes tsis tshwm sim, lub cell tseem raug puas tsuaj thiab mus rau theem tom ntej.
  • muag khoom. Cov xwm txheej sab nraud yuav lossis yuav tsis txhawb kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov no tuaj yeem yog kev ua neej nyob, xws li haus luam yeeb, tsis muaj lub cev ua si, noj zaub mov tsis zoo, thiab lwm yam.
  • kev vam meej. Cov hlwb proliferate thiab cov ntaub ntawv qog. Qee zaum, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lwm qhov ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob, cov qog pib ua cov tsos mob: los ntshav, qaug zog, thiab lwm yam.

 

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer

  • Unregulated multiplication. Cells rov tsim dua txhua lub sijhawm, txawm tias cov cim qhia kom tsis txhob muaj kev loj hlob uas ncav cuag lawv.
  • Poob kev siv hluav taws xob. Cells tsis ua lawv cov haujlwm qub lawm.
  • kev tsis txawj tuag. Cov txheej txheem ntawm tes "kev tua tus kheej" tsis tuaj yeem ua tau.
  • Kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kab mob qog noj ntshav tau tshaj tawm lawv cov "killers" ib txwm, NK hlwb, thiab lwm lub hlwb xav txwv lawv txoj kev loj hlob.
  • Tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv cov qog, hu ua angiogenesis. Qhov tshwm sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog.
  • Qee zaum cuam tshuam cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub cev. Cov no yog cov metastases.

Cov kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv cov noob ntawm cov cell thaum nws ua mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau nws cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Cov qog nqaij hlav sib txawv

Txhua hom mob qog noj ntshav muaj nws tus yam ntxwv thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo. Thov saib cov ntawv hauv qab no kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov qog nqaij hlav no.

– Mob qog noj ntshav

- Mob plab hnyuv

- endometrial cancer (lub cev ntawm lub tsev menyuam)

- Mob plab

- mob qog noj ntshav

- mob qog noj ntshav

- Mob qog noj ntshav esophageal

- Mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic

- mob qog noj ntshav

- Mob qog noj ntshav ntev

- Mob qog noj ntshav prostate

- Mob cancer mis

- Testicular cancer

- Mob qog noj ntshav

- mob qog noj ntshav

- Tsis yog Hodgkin lymphoma

- Hodgkin tus kab mob

Sau ntawv cia Ncua