Peb tuaj yeem faib cov daim tawv nqaij cancer Nyob rau hauv 2 pawg loj: non-melanomas thiab melanomas.

Tsis-melanomas: carcinomas

Lo lus "carcinoma" qhia cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm epithelial (lub epithelium yog cov txheej txheem histological ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qee cov mucous membranes).

Carcinoma yog hom feem ntau kuaj mob cancer hauv Caucasians. Nws tsis tshua tham txog vim nws tsis tshua ua rau tuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov nyuaj los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej.

Le cell cell carcinoma thiab squamous cell carcinoma los yog epidermoid yog 2 hom kab mob uas tsis yog-melanoma. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo.

Kab mob qog noj ntshav basal cell ib leeg tsim kwv yees li 90% ntawm daim tawv nqaij mob cancer. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv lub deepest txheej ntawm lub epidermis.

Hauv Caucasians, basal cell carcinoma tsis yog tsuas yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij xwb, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, sawv cev rau 15 txog 20% ​​ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav hauv Fabkis. Qhov malignancy ntawm basal cell carcinoma yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv zos (nws yuav luag tsis tau ua rau metastases, cov qog thib ob uas nyob deb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qub, tom qab cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tau dissociated los ntawm nws), uas ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj ua rau nws tuag, tab sis nws qhov kev kuaj mob lig dhau lawm. , tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv perioriform cheeb tsam (qhov muag, qhov ntswg, qhov ncauj, thiab lwm yam) yuav mutilating, ua rau loj poob ntawm daim tawv nqaij cov khoom.

Kab mob qog noj ntshav squamous cell ou kab mob epidermoid yog carcinoma tsim los ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov epidermis, reproducing cov tsos ntawm keratinized hlwb. Hauv Fab Kis, cov kab mob epidermoid tuaj thib ob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab lawv sawv cev ib ncig ntawm 20% ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav. Squamous cell carcinomas tuaj yeem metastasize tab sis qhov no tsis tshua muaj thiab tsuas yog 1% ntawm cov neeg mob squamous cell carcinoma tuag los ntawm lawv cov qog nqaij hlav.

Muaj lwm hom mob qog noj ntshav (adnexal, metatypical ...) tab sis lawv yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev

Melanoma

Peb muab lub npe melanoma rau qog nqaij hlav uas tsim nyob rau hauv melanocytes, lub hlwb uas tsim melanin (ib xim) pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab ob lub qhov muag. Lawv feem ntau manifest li ib xim dub.

Nrog 5 tus neeg mob tshiab kwv yees hauv Canada hauv 300, melanoma sawv cev rau 7^e cancer feem ntau kuaj mob hauv lub tebchaws¹¹.

cov melanoma tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum twg los tau. Lawv yog cov qog nqaij hlav uas tuaj yeem loj hlob sai thiab tsim cov metastases. Lawv yog lub luag haujlwm rau 75% ntawm tuag tshwm sim los ntawm daim tawv nqaij mob cancer. Hmoov zoo, yog tias lawv tau tshawb pom ntxov, lawv tuaj yeem kho tau zoo.

Sau ntawv. Yav dhau los, nws tau ntseeg tias muaj peev xwm muaj melanomas benign (cov qog nqaij hlav zoo uas tsis zoo li cuam tshuam rau lub cev) thiab malignant melanomas. Peb tam sim no paub tias tag nrho cov melanomas yog malignant.

Ua rau

Raug rau UV hluav taws xob du hnub yog lub ntsiab ua rau daim tawv nqaij cancer.

Artificial qhov chaw ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob (hnub ci teeb nyob rau hauv tanning cov khw txiav) kuj koom nrog. Qhov chaw ntawm lub cev feem ntau raug rau lub hnub yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws (lub ntsej muag, caj dab, tes, caj npab). Txawm li cas los xij, mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem tsim nyob txhua qhov chaw.

Rau qhov tsawg dua, ntev ntawm daim tawv nqaij sib cuag nrog tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Cov Numbers:

- Hauv lub tebchaws uas muaj neeg coob coob nyob Dawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ob nruab nrab ntawm xyoo 2000 thiab xyoo 2015, raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom United Nations (UN).¹.

- Hauv Canada, nws yog hom mob qog noj ntshav sai tshaj plaws, nce 1,6% txhua xyoo.

- Nws kwv yees tias 50% ntawm cov neeg los ntawm txog 65 yuav muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho mob qog noj ntshav ua ntej lawv lub neej kawg.

- Mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog hom kab mob feem ntau mob qog noj ntshav theem nrab : los ntawm qhov no peb txhais tau hais tias tus neeg muaj lossis muaj mob qog noj ntshav yuav muaj dua lwm tus, feem ntau yog mob qog noj ntshav.

diagnostic

Nws yog thawj ntawm tag nrho a soj ntsuam lub cev uas tso cai rau tus kws kho mob paub yog tias tus mob tej zaum yuav los yog tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav.

Dermoscopie : Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas nrog ib hom iav tsom iav hu ua dermoscope, uas tso cai rau koj pom cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kho kom zoo rau lawv qhov kev kuaj mob.

qhov nqaij me. Yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias mob qog noj ntshav, nws yuav siv cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tshwm sim rau lub hom phiaj xa mus rau kev soj ntsuam kuaj. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws paub tias cov ntaub so ntswg puas yog mob qog noj ntshav thiab nws yuav ua rau nws lub tswv yim ntawm lub xeev ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.

Lwm yam xeem. Yog tias qhov kev kuaj biopsy pom tias tus neeg mob muaj mob qog noj ntshav, tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim kom kuaj ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau pom tus kabmob muaj kabmob, tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab mus kuaj ntxiv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kis tus kabmob. Kev ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem qhia tau tias tus mob qog noj ntshav tseem nyob hauv zos lossis yog tias nws tau pib kis mus rau sab nraud ntawm daim tawv nqaij.