Le smear yog txheej txheem kho mob uas suav nrog sau cov xov tooj ntawm tes los ntawm maj mam txhuam nrog txhuam me me, rab diav ntoo lossis cov paj rwb tshwj xeeb. Thaum muab tso rau ntawm lub iav swb, cov cell raug tshuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab tsom iav kom pom qhov txawv txav.

Cov smear feem ntau yog Pap smear ua. Nov yog kev kuaj mob gynecological uas cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov cell los ntawm ncauj tsev me nyuam thiab saib xyuas lawv hauv qab lub tsom iav txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas lawv qhov tsos (txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis mob qog noj ntshav).

Lwm hom smears tuaj yeem ua tiav, suav nrog:

• le qhov quav smear : noj cov cell los ntawm ob sab ntawm lub qhov quav uas tom qab ntawd tshuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab tsom iav kom pom tias lawv tau dhau qhov kev hloov pauv txawv txav uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav

• le ntshav iab : nws suav nrog kis cov ntshav me me ntawm lub iav swb thiab saib nws hauv qab lub tsom iav, tshwj xeeb yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas seb cov qe ntshav sib txawv tam sim no lossis tsis muaj qhov txawv txav morphological

• los yog lub microbiological smear, nqa ua piv txwv hauv caj pas: ua ib qho piv txwv txhawm rau nqa tawm kev kuaj kab mob bacteriological lossis mycological.

Nco ntsoov tias lub ncauj tsev menyuam, nyob nruab nrab ntawm chaw mos los thiabtsev menyuam, tej zaum yog lub rooj zaum ntawmkev kis kab mob papillomavirus (lossis tib neeg papillomavirus, HPV), cov kab mob uas kis los ntawm kev sib deev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov cell cuam tshuam los tsim rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Yog li, 70% ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam yog vim muaj kab mob ua ntej nrog papillomavirus. cov Kabmob kheesxaws ncauj tsev menyuam yog tus kab mob ntsiag to, cov tsos mob uas ua rau pom tsis tau ntev. Nws yog qhov thib ob ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv poj niam thoob ntiaj teb, thiab nws kuaj xyuas yog li ntawd tseem ceeb heev. Raws li National Cancer Institute, hauv Fab Kis, nws raug nquahu kom txhuam txhua txhua peb xyoos, nruab nrab ntawm 25 thiab 65 xyoos.

Hauv Quebec, qhov kev xeem no tseem hu ua " PAP xeem Los yog Papanicolaou smear (lub npe tom qab kws kho mob muab tso rau hauv).

Tus neeg mob tau muab tso rau hauv txoj haujlwm gynecological thaum tus kws kho mob qhia txog kev kawm txhawm rau txiav tawm phab ntsa ntawm qhov chaw mos. Tom qab ntawd nws tshem tawm cov cell los ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam siv lub paj rwb tshwj xeeb los yog txhuam me me. Kev tshuaj xyuas yog nrawm.

Cov hlwb tau muab tso rau ntawm daim iav swb, tsau thiab ntxiv cov zas xim. Tom qab ntawd lawv raug xa mus rau chav kuaj mob txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab tsom iav. Vim tias cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tsis zoo ib yam li cov cell ib txwm, lawv tuaj yeem kuaj pom.

Nyob ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov cell, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb lawv puas zoo li qub lossis yog tias lub ncauj tsev menyuam muaj tus kab mob, ua ntej lossis mob qog noj ntshav.

Qhov kev xeem no tseem ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tshuaj xyuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm precancerous hlwb thiab kom ntseeg tau tias mob qog noj ntshav tsis rov qab los tom qab kho tas.

Nco ntsoov tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev tshuaj xyuas tas li, vim tias lub smear tsis yog 100% kev ntsuas tau ntseeg tau thiab cov cell tuaj yeem hloov pauv sijhawm.

Yog tias tsis muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm ob qhov sib luag sib luag, nws raug nquahu kom rov kuaj dua txhua 2 lossis 3 xyoos.

Yog tias qhov kev kuaj pom pom qhov txawv txav, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua lwm qhov kev sim:

• kev kuaj kab mob, kom paub tseeb tias muaj tus kab mob papillomavirus lossis kis kab mob

• muab lub me

Nco ntsoov tias muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, uas tiv thaiv hom tseem ceeb ntawm papillomavirus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis hloov pauv kev kuaj smear, uas tseem tseem ceeb.