Gallstones (cholelithiasis)

Gallstones (cholelithiasis)

Peb npe lub qog, los yog cholelithiasis, tsim ntawm pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub gallbladder, lub cev uas khaws cov kua tsib secreted los ntawm lub siab. Kev suav, uas qee zaum hu ua "pob zeb" tiag tiag zoo li pebbles me me. Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej, lawv yog tsim los ntawm cholesterol crystallized. Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov kua tsib kuj tuaj yeem tsim tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kab mob siab loj lossis mob qog ntshav ntshav, tab sis cov no yuav tsis tham txog ntawm no.

Cov duab, qhov loj thiab tus naj npawb ntawm suav (yuav muaj ntau pua) txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus. Lawv tuaj yeem ua me me li cov xuab zeb lossis loj li pob golf.

Feem ntau, cov pob zeb tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem thaiv cov ducts uas ua rau cov kua tsib mus rau lub siab thiab cov hnyuv. Qhov no hu ua a biliary colic (saib daim duab) yog tias muaj kev kub ntxhov ib ntus. Tsis muaj peev xwm khoob, lub gallbladder pib o, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov mob. Thaum cov pob zeb tsis ua rau mob colic, qee zaum lawv tau tshawb pom nyob rau ntawm ultrasound lossis CT scan (luam theej duab) ntawm lub plab.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov kev siv ntawm cov tsos mob tsis yog nyob ntawm tus decals suav. Tseeb tiag, pob zeb me me tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, thaum lub pob zeb loj yuav tsis pom. Qee zaum lawv loj dhau los tawm ntawm lub gallbladder thiab thaiv cov ducts.

Lub gallbladder siv rau dab tsi?

Lub gallbladder yog ib lub hnab me me, pear-zoo li lub hnab ntsuas 7 txog 12 cm ntev. Nws khaws cov kua tsib, cov kua ntsuab-daj uas ua los ntawm lub siab, uas yog siv los pab hauv kev zom zaub mov. Thaum noj mov, lub gallbladder tau cog lus thiab tso tawm cov kua tsib, uas tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv mus rau txoj hnyuv, qhov uas nws txhawb kev zom zaub mov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov rog rog. Lub gallbladder relaxes thiab puv nrog cov kua tsib.

Ua rau

La bile Feem ntau muaj dej, kua tsib ntsev (uas, los ntawm emulsifying fats, ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv lawv txoj hnyuv los ntawm txoj hnyuv), cov roj cholesterol, phospholipids, pigments thiab electrolytes.

cov lub qog Cov roj (cholesterol) yuav tshwm sim thaum:

  • cov kua tsib muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau dhau;
  • cov kua tsib tsis muaj kua tsib txaus ntsev;
  • lub gallbladder tsis cog lus tsis tu ncua (lub gallbladder yog ces hais tias "tub nkeeg").

Nws tsis paub meej tias dab tsi ua rau pob zeb tsim, tab sis ntau yam kev pheej hmoo tau raug txheeb xyuas. Kev rog rog yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj qhov sib txuas ntawm hypercholesterolemia thiab qhov concentration ntawm cov cholesterol hauv cov kua tsib.1.

Pob zeb tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauv nruab nrog cev (lub raum, zais zis) lossis hauv cov qog (lub zais zis, cov qog qaub ncaug), tom qab ntawd ncig los yog tau daig hauv cov excretory ib ntsuj av. Nyob ntawm seb lawv nyob qhov twg, cov pob zeb no yuav muaj ntau yam tshuaj: calcium, phosphate, cholesterol, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis lwm yam.

Gallstones feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv lub gallbladder thiab tsis nyob rau hauv daim siab vim hais tias cov kua tsib yog ntau concentrated nyob rau hauv.

Leej twg cuam tshuam?

La lub qog, los yog gallbladder calculus muaj ntau heev thiab cuam tshuam 2 mus rau 3 zaug ntau dua cov poj niam tshaj cov txiv neej. Los ntawm hnub nyoog 70 xyoo, 10% mus rau 15% ntawm cov txiv neej muaj nws, nrog rau 25% mus rau 30% ntawm cov poj niam. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm muaj gallstones nce nrogmuaj hnub nyoog, kom ncav cuag yuav luag 60% tom qab 80 xyoo, tej zaum yog vim qhov txo qis hauv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub gallbladder. Kev suav ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv tsuas yog 20% ​​ntawm lawv thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob siab, cholecystitis, cholangitis, lossis mob pancreatitis.

Biliary colic

A ntsoog de hepatic colic los yog biliary colic, yog vim lub gallbladder pob zeb uas nkag mus rau hauv cov kua tsib ducts thiab ua blocked nyob rau hauv ib ntus, tiv thaiv cov kua tsib los ntawm ntws tawm. Nws kav li ntawm 30 feeb mus rau 4 teev. Lub sijhawm ntev tshaj 6 teev yuav tsum ua rau muaj kev ntshai ntawm qhov teeb meem. Qhov mob tshwm sim thaum lub pob zeb spontaneously dislodges, cia cov kua tsib rov zoo li qub. Ib tug neeg uas tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm biliary colic, nyob rau hauv 70% ntawm cov neeg mob, yuav raug kev txom nyem rau lwm tus. Yog tias thawj qhov kev tawm tsam tuaj yeem tiv taus, lawv yuav ua rau mob hnyav dua thaum lub pob zeb tsis kho.

Feem ntau qaug dab peg tshwm sim sab nraum noj mov. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm ntawm hnub, thiab feem ntau tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim. Kev qaug dab peg tshwm sim tom qab lub gallbladder cog lus thiab ejects ib lub pob zeb uas tuaj yeem thaiv cov ducts. Kev noj cov zaub mov ib txwm ua rau lub gallbladder cog lus, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov khoom noj hauv lub plab zom mov. Lub gallbladder kuj cog lus randomly thiab spontaneously txhua lub sij hawm ntawm nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj.

Muaj teeb meem tshwm sim

Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej, lub qog tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov mob tsis kho tsis tu ncua yuav muaj ib hnub lossis lwm qhov hnyav zuj zus mus rau qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej: mob cholecystitis (mob ntawm lub zais zis), mob cholangitis (mob ntawm cov ducts bile) lossis mob pancreatitis (mob pancreas).

Thaum muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no, mus ntsib kws kho mob sai :

  • ua npaws;
  • txawv txav xim daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
  • mob hnyav heev thiab tam sim ntawd mob ntawm sab xis ntawm lub plab uas mob ntev tshaj 6 teev;
  • ntuav ntuav.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg uas raug mob los ntawm gallstones yog, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev, me ntsis ntxiv ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim ib tug gallbladder mob cancer, uas yog txawm li cas los tsawg heev.

Sau ntawv cia Ncua