Hypochromia yog ib lo lus kho mob rau kev poob xim ntawm lub cev, cov ntaub so ntswg lossis cov hlwb. Nws tuaj yeem siv tshwj xeeb hauv dermatology kom tsim nyog rau cov tawv nqaij hypochromic lossis hauv hematology los xaiv cov qe ntshav liab hypochromic.

Nyob rau hauv dermatology, hypochromia yog ib lo lus siv los hais txog kev poob ntawm pigmentation hauv integuments xws li daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau thiab lub cev plaub hau. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua kom tau txais qhov tsis muaj xim ntawm qhov muag.

Hypochromia yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj melanin, cov xim ntuj tsim los ntawm melanocytes hauv lub cev thiab lub luag haujlwm rau cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau, lub cev plaub hau thiab qhov muag. Yog li Hypochromia tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv kev tsim melanin lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov xim no.

Tsis muaj melanin tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub hauv paus. Tej zaum nws yuav tshwj xeeb yog vim muaj kab mob, kab mob autoimmune lossis kab mob caj ces. Ntawm cov ua rau hypochromia hauv dermatology, peb pom piv txwv:

• luboculocutaneous albinism tshwm sim, tus yam ntxwv los ntawm tag nrho cov tsis muaj melanin nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau, lub cev plaub hau thiab ob lub qhov muag;
• ib nrab albinism los yog piebaldism uas, tsis zoo li oculocutaneous albinism, tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau;
• le vitiligo, tus kab mob autoimmune uas ua rau muaj kev ploj zuj zus ntawm melanocytes, hlwb ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm melanin;
• lubhypopituitarisme, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ntes ntawm hormonal secretions los ntawm anterior pituitary uas tuaj yeem ua rau depigmentation ntawm integuments thiab mucous daim nyias nyias;
• le pityriasis versicolor, mycosis uas tuaj yeem ua rau pom cov pob liab liab, kuj hu ua hypochromic ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Kev tswj hwm ntawm hypochromia nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kws kho mob dermatologist. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm mycosis, kev kho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem siv tau, piv txwv li. Qee zaum, tam sim no tsis muaj kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog pom zoo kom txwv kev txhim kho ntawm depigmentation. Kev tiv thaiv yuav tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau thiab qhov muag tiv thaiv ultraviolet (UV) rays.

Hauv hematology, hypochromia yog ib lo lus kho mob uas tuaj yeem siv los hais txog qhov txawv txav hauv cov qe ntshav liab (cov qe ntshav liab). Peb hais txog hypochromia ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thaum lawv tshwm sim daj ntseg thaum kuaj los ntawm txoj kev staining ntawm May-Grünwald Giemsa. Cov qe ntshav liab ces hu ua hypochromes.

Lub pallor ntawm cov qe ntshav liab qhia tias tsis muaj hemoglobin. Qhov tseeb, hemoglobin yog cov khoom hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas muab lawv cov xim liab nto moo. Nws kuj tseem yog cov protein ua lub luag haujlwm thauj cov pa oxygen hauv lub cev, yog li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj ceev ceev ntawm hypochromia ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.

Hauv cov tshuaj, qhov tsis txaus hemoglobin no hu ua hypochromic anemia. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov txawv txav qis ntawm hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav. Hypochromic anemia tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam ua rau suav nrog:

• hlau deficiency (hlau deficiency anemia), ib qho kab mob uas ua rau cov synthesis ntawm hemoglobin;
• ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm caj ces, xws li thalassemia.

Cov qe ntshav liab Hypochromic tuaj yeem pom nrog May-Grünwald Giemsa stain. Siv cov reagents sib txawv, txoj kev no sib txawv cov neeg sib txawv ntawm cov qe ntshav hauv cov ntshav. Cov xim no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb los txheeb xyuas cov qe ntshav liab, lossis cov qe ntshav liab, uas pom tau los ntawm lawv cov xim liab. Thaum cov qe ntshav no tshwm sim daj ntseg, nws hu ua hypochromia ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.

Hypochromic anemia feem ntau kuaj tau los ntawm kev ntsuas ob qhov ntsuas ntshav:

• cov ntsiab lus corpuscular hemoglobin (TCMH), uas ntsuas cov hemoglobin muaj nyob hauv cov qe ntshav liab;
• Qhov nruab nrab corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (CCMH), uas sib haum mus rau qhov nruab nrab hemoglobin concentration ib lub cell liab.

Peb hais txog hypochromia ntawm cov qe ntshav liab hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

• TCMH tsawg dua 27 µg rau ib lub cell;
• ntawm CCMH tsawg dua 32 g / dL.

Kev kho mob ntawm hypochromic anemia nyob ntawm nws keeb kwm thiab kev kawm. Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej, piv txwv li qhov tsis txaus hemoglobin tuaj yeem kho nrog kev ntxiv cov hlau los yog cov ntshav.

Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav dua, kev hloov pob txha pob txha yuav tsim nyog.