“Nyob hauv npau suav, tag kis yug”

Psychology: Npau suav tshwm thaum pw tsaug zog paradoxical. Nws yog dab tsi thiab koj tau tswj xyuas li cas kom pom qhov muaj nyob ntawm theem no?

Michel Jouvet: REM pw tsaug zog tau tshawb pom los ntawm peb lub chaw soj nstuam hauv xyoo 1959. Kev kawm txog kev tsim cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov miv, peb tau npaj txhij txog qhov tshwm sim zoo heev uas tsis tau piav qhia qhov twg ua ntej. Tus tsiaj pw tsaug zog pom qhov muag nrawm nrawm, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb, yuav luag zoo li thaum sawv ntxov, thaum cov leeg tau so tag nrho. Qhov kev tshawb pom no muab tag nrho peb cov tswv yim txog kev npau suav upside down.

Yav dhau los, nws tau ntseeg tias kev npau suav yog cov duab luv luv uas tus neeg pom tam sim ua ntej sawv. Lub xeev ntawm cov kab mob uas peb tau pom tsis yog classical pw tsaug zog thiab wakefulness, tab sis ib tug tshwj xeeb, peb lub xeev. Peb hu nws "paradoxical pw tsaug zog" vim hais tias nws paradoxically ua ke ua tiav so ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub cev thiab mob siab rau lub hlwb ua haujlwm; nws yog active wakefulness qhia rau sab hauv.

Ib hmos tus neeg npau suav pes tsawg zaus?

Plaub tsib. Lub sijhawm ntawm thawj kev npau suav tsis ntau tshaj 18-20 feeb, ob qhov kawg "sib tham" ntev dua, 25-30 feeb txhua. Peb feem ntau nco ntsoov qhov kev npau suav tsis ntev los no, uas xaus nrog peb txoj kev sawv. Nws tuaj yeem ntev lossis muaj plaub lossis tsib ntu luv luv - thiab tom qab ntawd nws zoo li peb tau npau suav txhua hmo.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tag nrho peb hmo ntuj npau suav ntev txog 90 feeb. Lawv lub sijhawm nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog. Hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab, kev npau suav suav txog 60% ntawm lawv lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog tag nrho, thaum cov neeg laus tsuas yog 20%. Qhov no yog vim li cas qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau sib cav tias kev pw tsaug zog ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb.

Koj kuj pom tias muaj ob hom kev nco koom nrog hauv kev npau suav…

Kuv tuaj rau qhov xaus no los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kuv tus kheej npau suav - 6600, los ntawm txoj kev! Nws twb paub lawm hais tias kev npau suav qhia txog cov xwm txheej ntawm hnub dhau los, cov kev paub ntawm lub lim tiam dhau los. Tab sis ntawm no koj mus, hais, rau Amazon.

Hauv thawj lub lim tiam ntawm koj qhov kev mus ncig, koj txoj kev npau suav yuav tshwm sim hauv koj lub tsev "kev teeb tsa", thiab lawv tus phab ej tuaj yeem yog Indian uas nyob hauv koj chav tsev. Qhov piv txwv no qhia tau hais tias tsis yog tsuas yog lub cim xeeb luv luv rau cov xwm txheej yav tom ntej, tab sis kuj tseem nco txog lub sijhawm ntev tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim peb txoj kev npau suav.

Vim li cas qee cov neeg tsis nco qab lawv txoj kev npau suav?

Muaj nees nkaum feem pua ​​ntawm peb ntawm peb. Ib tug neeg tsis nco qab nws txoj kev npau suav hauv ob kis. Thawj qhov yog tias nws sawv ob peb feeb tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev npau suav, lub sijhawm no nws ploj ntawm kev nco. Lwm qhov kev piav qhia yog muab los ntawm psychoanalysis: ib tug neeg sawv los, thiab nws "Kuv" - ib qho ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm tus cwj pwm - censors loj heev cov duab uas "surfaced" los ntawm qhov tsis nco qab. Thiab txhua yam tsis nco qab lawm.

Npau suav yog dab tsi?

Rau 40% - los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub hnub, thiab qhov seem - los ntawm cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog peb cov kev ntshai, kev ntxhov siab, kev txhawj xeeb. Muaj kev npau suav tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog paub tias qhov kev txiav txim tsis tshwm sim hauv kev muaj tiag; muaj - yog vim li cas tsis? – thiab yaj saub npau suav. Kuv nyuam qhuav kawm txog kev npau suav ntawm ob tug neeg African. Lawv tau nyob rau Fabkis ntev, tab sis txhua hmo lawv npau suav txog lawv haiv neeg African. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev npau suav yog deb ntawm kev qaug zog los ntawm kev tshawb fawb, thiab txhua qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tsuas yog lees paub qhov no.

Tom qab 40 xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb, koj tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug yog vim li cas ib tug neeg xav tau kev npau suav?

Kev poob siab - tsis yog! Nws tseem yog qhov tsis paub. Neuroscientists tsis paub dab tsi npau suav yog rau, ib yam li lawv tsis paub raws nraim qhov kev nco qab yog dab tsi. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nws tau ntseeg hais tias kev npau suav yuav tsum tau sau lub storerooms ntawm peb nco. Tom qab ntawd lawv pom tias thaum tsis muaj theem ntawm kev pw tsaug zog paradoxical thiab kev npau suav, tus neeg tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev nco lossis kev xav.

Lus Askiv biophysicist Francis Crick muab tso rau hauv qhov kev xav rov qab: kev npau suav pab kom tsis nco qab! Qhov ntawd yog, lub hlwb, zoo li lub tshuab computer, siv kev npau suav los tshem tawm qhov nco tsis tseem ceeb. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug neeg uas tsis pom kev npau suav yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj loj. Thiab qhov no tsis yog li ntawd. Hauv kev xav, muaj ntau qhov chaw dawb nyob rau hauv dav dav. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm REM pw tsaug zog, peb lub cev siv oxygen ntau dua thaum lub sij hawm wakefulness. Thiab tsis muaj leej twg paub vim li cas!

Koj xav tias kev npau suav ua rau peb lub hlwb khiav.

Kuv yuav hais ntxiv: tag kis yog yug hauv npau suav, lawv npaj nws. Lawv qhov kev txiav txim tuaj yeem muab piv nrog rau txoj kev pom kev puas siab puas ntsws: piv txwv li, nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm kev sib tw, tus neeg caij ski lub hlwb khiav tag nrho txoj kev nrog nws ob lub qhov muag kaw. Yog tias peb ntsuas qhov kev ua ntawm nws lub hlwb nrog kev pab ntawm cov twj paj nruag, peb yuav tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tib yam li nws twb nyob ntawm txoj kev!

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm paradoxical pw tsaug zog, tib lub hlwb txheej txheem tshwm sim raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug waking neeg. Thiab thaum nruab hnub, peb lub hlwb sai sai ua rau ib feem ntawm cov neurons uas tau koom nrog thaum hmo ntuj npau suav. Yog li, kev npau suav pab txhawb qee cov txheej txheem kev kawm thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau peb lub neej yav tom ntej. Koj tuaj yeem piav qhia lub aphorism: Kuv npau suav, yog li ntawd, lub neej yav tom ntej muaj!