Kev nyuaj siab ntawm pob txha pob txha yog qhov txo qis ntawm cov qe ntshav. Nws yuav txhawj xeeb txog qib ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb thiab / lossis platelets. Kev qaug zog, qaug zog, rov kis kab mob thiab los ntshav txawv txav tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Peb feem ntau tham txog idiopathic aplastic anemia vim nws keeb kwm tsis paub nyob rau hauv feem coob ntawm cov neeg mob.

Kev txhais ntawm aplastic anemia

Pob txha pob txha aplasia yog ib qho pathology ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, uas yog, kab mob cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw uas cov qe ntshav tsim tawm. Qhov no synthesis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev, uas ua rau txo qis ntawm cov cell hauv cov ntshav.

Raws li kev ceeb toom, muaj ntau hom qe ntshav: cov qe ntshav liab (cov ntshav liab), cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes) thiab platelets (thrombocytes). Zoo li tag nrho cov hlwb, cov no tau rov ua dua tshiab. Cov qe ntshav tshiab tsis tu ncua raug tsim los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha los ntawm cov qia hlwb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm aplastic anemia, cov qia hlwb ploj. 

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm aplastic anemia

Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus. Kev txo qis hauv cov qe ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb lossis sai sai, thiab ntau dua lossis tsawg dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam rau tib txoj kev.

Yog li ntawd nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv:

• anemia, txo qis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev thauj cov pa oxygen hauv lub cev;
• leukopenia, poob ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb koom nrog hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob;
• thrombocytopenia, ib qho kev poob qis hauv qib platelets hauv cov ntshav paub tias tseem ceeb hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm coagulation thaum raug mob.

Ua rau mob ntshav liab txaus

Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob, lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm no pathology ntawm cov pob txha pob txha yog tsis paub. Peb hais txog idiopathic aplastic anemia.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias aplastic anemia yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim autoimmune. Thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau rhuav tshem cov kab mob, nws tawm tsam cov hlwb noj qab haus huv uas tseem ceeb rau lub cev kom ua haujlwm zoo. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm aplastic anemia, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem cov qia hlwb tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov qe ntshav tshiab.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm aplastic anemia

Kev kuaj mob yog thawj zaug raws li cov ntshav suav tag (CBC), lossis suav cov ntshav tiav. Kev kuaj ntshav yog coj los ntsuas qib ntawm ntau hom hlwb (cov ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, platelets).

Yog tias cov qib no txawv txav, kev kuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem ua kom paub meej tias qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm aplastic anemia. Piv txwv li:

• myelogram, ib qho kev sim uas tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov pob txha pob txha rau kev tsom xam;
• ib qho kev kuaj pob txha pob txha, ib qho kev sim uas tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov pob txha pob txha thiab pob txha.

Cov neeg cuam tshuam los ntawm aplastic anemia

Ob leeg poj niam cev xeeb tub yog sib npaug ntawm tus kab mob. Nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum twg los tau. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qhov siab tshaj plaws tau pom tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm 20 thiab 25 xyoo thiab tom qab 50 xyoo.

Qhov no pathology tseem tsis tshua muaj. Hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas, nws qhov xwm txheej (tus neeg mob tshiab hauv ib xyoos) yog 1 rau 500 tus neeg thiab nws qhov kev nthuav dav (tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg mob cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kabmob hauv ib lub sijhawm muab) yog 000 hauv txhua 1.

Cov kab mob ntawm cov pob txha no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (anemia), cov qe ntshav dawb (leukopenia) thiab / lossis platelets (thrombocytopenia). Cov tsos mob ntawm aplastic anemia nyob ntawm seb hom qe ntshav cuam tshuam.

Generalized qaug zog thiab qaug zog cuam tshuam nrog anemia

Anemia yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob xws li:

• daj ntseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias;
• nkees;
• kiv taub hau;
• txog siav;
• palpitations ntawm exertion.

Kev pheej hmoo kis ntawm leukopenia

Leukopenia ua rau poob ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb. Lub cev poob nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv nws tus kheej tawm tsam kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov kab mob. Kev kis kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ntau theem ntawm lub cev.

Los ntshav vim thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia, los yog txo qis ntawm cov platelets, cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm coagulation. Los ntshav ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv zog tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau:

• los ntshav los ntawm qhov ntswg thiab cov pos hniav;
• bruises thiab bruises uas tshwm sim tsis muaj tshwm sim.

Kev tswj hwm ntawm aplastic anemia nyob ntawm nws cov evolution. Txawm hais tias kev saib xyuas kev kho mob yooj yim qee zaum tuaj yeem txaus, kev kho mob yog qhov tsim nyog rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob.

Hauv lub xeev tam sim no ntawm kev paub, ob txoj kev kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los kho aplastic anemia:

• ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua raws li cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm inhibiting lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom txwv, lossis txawm tias nres, kev puas tsuaj ntawm qia hlwb;
• Kev hloov cov pob txha pob txha, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov cov pob txha mob nrog cov pob txha noj qab haus huv uas tau txais los ntawm tus neeg pub dawb.

Txawm hais tias kev hloov cov pob txha pob txha tam sim no yog qhov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau aplastic anemia, qhov kev ua haujlwm no tsuas yog xav tau nyob rau hauv qee yam mob. Nws yog ib qho kev kho mob hnyav uas tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob tom qab phais. Feem ntau, kev hloov cov pob txha pob txha yog tshwj tseg rau cov neeg mob hnub nyoog qis dua 40 xyoo uas muaj cov pob txha pob txha aplasia loj heev.

Kev pab txhawb nqa tuaj yeem muab los tswj cov tsos mob ntawm aplastic anemia. Piv txwv li:

• tshuaj tua kab mob los tiv thaiv lossis kho qee yam kab mob;
• hloov ntshav liab hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm anemia;
• platelet hloov pauv hauv thrombocytopenia.

Txog niaj hnub no, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej, qhov ua rau aplastic anemia tsis paub.