Myoclonus yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntshiv. Cov no tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis tuaj yeem thiab txav mus los sai. Muaj ntau hom ntawv suav nrog pw tsaug zog myoclonus, lossis theem nrab myoclonus uas tshwm sim tshwj xeeb hauv kev mob vwm.

Myoclonus yog kev nyuab nyuab nyuab ntawm cov leeg uas ua rau tsis tuaj yeem, txav mus sai thiab sai. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawm tsam rau kev txhawb nqa xws li suab nrov lossis teeb nyem. Twitching tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ib leeg lossis cuam tshuam rau ib pawg ntawm cov leeg.

Piv txwv li ib txwm ntawm myoclonus yog hiccups, lossis phrenoglottic myoclonus. Nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cov leeg nqaij uas tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.

Myoclonus tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob leeg nqaij tam sim lossis los ntawm kev tso tseg tam sim ntawm cov leeg ua haujlwm. Cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem muaj ntau qhov kev piav qhia. Nyob ntawm rooj plaub, muaj peb hom myoclonus:

• physiological myoclonus, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev;
• theem nrab myoclonus, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo hauv lub cev;
• cov myoclonies iatrogens, uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob.

Qhov ua rau ntawm lub cev myoclonus

Myoclonus tuaj yeem txuas rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Peb tuaj yeem piv txwv nqe lus:

• phrenoglottic myoclonus, paub zoo dua li hiccups;
• pw tsaug zog pib myoclonus, lossis pw tsaug zog myoclonus, uas tshwm sim thaum pib tsaug zog thiab feem ntau tshwm sim thaum thawj ob peb feeb ntawm kev tsaug zog.

Lwm qhov ua rau lub cev tseem tau txheeb xyuas. Cov no suav nrog kev ntxhov siab, kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab kev noj zaub mov zoo.

Ua rau theem nrab myoclonus

Secondary myoclonus tuaj yeem yog vim muaj ntau yam teeb meem xws li:

• qaug dab peg, mob hlwb uas myoclonus yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb;
• dementia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum Creutzfeldt-Jakob kab mob, Alzheimer's tus kab mob, kis tus kab mob Lewy lub cev, frontotemporal dementia lossis Rett syndrome;
• spinocerebellar degeneration, uas tshwm sim hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob peb kab mob neurodegenerative xws li Parkinson tus kab mob, Huntington tus kab mob, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome lossis txawm tias Wilson tus kab mob;
• lub cev thiab hypoxic encephalopathies, lub paj hlwb tsis ua haujlwm uas tshwm sim tshwj xeeb thaum hluav taws xob poob, cua sov, hypoxia, raug mob lub hlwb raug mob thiab decompression mob;
• lom encephalopathies, lub paj hlwb puas tsuaj uas yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov ua rau hnyav hlau lom;
• kis kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hnyav ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog, kab mob herpes simplex virus encephalitis, tom qab kis kab mob encephalitis, malaria, syphilis thiab Lyme kab mob;
• qee yam teeb meem kev zom zaub mov, xws li hyperthyroidism, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, hypoglycemia, tsis-ketotic hyperglycemia thiab hyponatremia.

Qhov ua rau iatrogenic myoclonus

Myoclonus qee zaum tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem ua raws los ntawm:

• kev kho mob hlwb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv lithium, antidepressants lossis neuroleptics;
• qee yam kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb yog thaum siv quinolones;
• qee yam kev kho plawv plawv;
• kev siv tshuaj tsaug zog;
• kev siv anticonvulsants;
• noj tshuaj loog.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm myoclonus sib txawv ntawm rooj plaub mus rau rooj plaub. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwj xeeb sib txawv hauv qhov dav thiab zaus. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav dua, cov leeg nqaij ntshiv tuaj yeem nthuav dav nrog qhov pib qaug dab peg.

Thaum myoclonus tau dav dav, mob ntxiv lossis rov tshwm sim, kev sab laj kho mob sai tau pom zoo. Kev tswj hwm kev kho mob ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas thiab kho qhov ua rau myoclonus.

Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas keeb kwm ntawm myoclonus, feem ntau nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm kev txav txav txawv txav.

Txhawm rau daws cov leeg ntswj, qee zaum kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua tiav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua raws kev siv tshuaj sib txawv:

• benzodiazepines, xws li clonazepam, uas yog chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj psychotropic;
• anti-epileptics xws li valproate;
• nootropics xws li piracetam;
• anticonvulsants xws li leviracetam.