Neuroma yog ib qho qog uas tsim nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Daim ntawv feem ntau yog lub suab paj nruas neuroma uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha vestibulocochlear, uas yog hais txog cov hlab ntsha cranial koom nrog hauv kev hnov ​​lus thiab kev nkag siab zoo. Thaum cov neuromas yog cov qog nqaij hlav feem ntau, qee qhov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem. Kev txhawb nqa yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Kev txhais ntawm neuroma

Neuroma yog ib qho qog uas loj hlob hauv lub paj hlwb. Cov qog no txhim kho ntau qhov tseeb los ntawm Schwann hlwb tam sim no hauv cov ntaub thaiv npog ib puag ncig lub qab haus huv. Nws yog vim li no tias neuroma tseem hu ua schwannoma.

Daim ntawv feem ntau yog acoustic neuroma, tseem hu ua vestibular schwannoma. Cov neuroma no cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha vestibular, ib qho ntawm cov ceg ntoo ntawm VIII cov hlab ntsha paj hlwb koom nrog hauv kev hnov ​​lus thiab kev nkag siab zoo.

Ua rau du neurinome

Zoo li ntau lwm hom qog, neuromas muaj keeb kwm uas tseem tsis nkag siab. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov ntawm acoustic neuroma tau pom tias yog tus cim ntawm hom 2 neurofibromatosis, kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv caj ces.

Diagnostic du neurinome

Lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem xav tias yog vim muaj qee cov tsos mob tab sis tseem tuaj yeem pom tshwm sim thaum kuaj mob. Cov qog no tuaj yeem yog asymptomatic hauv qee kis, uas yog hais yam tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm acoustic neuroma yog pib raws li kev hnov ​​lus xws li:

• ib lub suab uas tau nqa tawm hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis hnov ​​lus yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab nrov neuroma;
• tympanometry uas qee zaum ua tiav los txiav txim siab tias lub suab tuaj yeem hla lub pob ntseg thiab pob ntseg nruab nrab;
• kev hnov ​​lus nthuav tawm lub peev xwm (AEP), uas ntsuas cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb los ntawm lub suab qhia los ntawm pob ntseg.

Txhawm rau kom paub meej thiab ua kom tob dua qhov kev kuaj mob, yuav tsum kuaj qhov sib nqus sib nqus (MRI).

Neuromas yog cov qog nqaij hlav tsawg. Lawv sawv cev nruab nrab ntawm 5 thiab 8% ntawm cov qog hlwb. Kev tshwm sim txhua xyoo yog kwv yees li 1 txog 2 kis ntawm 100 tus neeg.

Hauv qee kis, neuroma tau tsim kho tsis zoo thiab tsis ua rau pom cov tsos mob tshwm sim.

Cov cim qhia ntawm acoustic neuroma

Kev txhim kho ntawm lub paj hlwb neuroma tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej los ntawm ntau yam cim qhia:

• hnov lus tsis zoo uas feem ntau tab tom muaj peev xwm qee zaum tuaj sai;
• tinnitus, uas yog suab nrov lossis nrov nrov hauv pob ntseg;
• hnov siab lossis hnyav hauv pob ntseg;
• mob pob ntseg lossis mob pob ntseg;
• mob taub hau lossis mob taub hau;
• tsis txaus thiab kiv taub hau.

Nco tseg: Acoustic neuroma feem ntau yog ib leeg tab sis qee zaum tuaj yeem ua ob tog.

Kev pheej hmoo ntawm teeb meem

Neuromas yog cov qog benign feem ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum cov qog no yog mob qog noj ntshav.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm acoustic neuroma, qog nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev VIII tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem thaum nws loj hlob thiab nce qhov loj me. Nws nyhav kom nrawm rau lwm lub paj hlwb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau:

• paresis ntawm lub ntsej muag los ntawm kev sib zog ntawm lub ntsej muag paj hlwb (cranial nerve VII), uas yog ib nrab ntawm kev ua tsis tau zoo ntawm lub cev lub ntsej muag;
• trigeminal neuralgia vim yog kev sib tw trigeminal (cranial hlab ntsha V), uas yog qhov ua rau mob hnyav cuam tshuam rau sab ntawm lub ntsej muag.

Lub paj hlwb tsis tas yuav xav tau kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov qog nqaij hlav me me, tsis loj dua, thiab tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ib txwm muaj los txwv qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm teeb meem.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev tswj hwm ntawm lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov qog loj tuaj, nthuav dav thiab nthuav qhia txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm teeb meem. Ob txoj kev kho mob feem ntau raug txiav txim siab:

• phais kom tshem tawm cov qog;
• kev kho hluav taws xob, uas siv hluav taws xob los rhuav tshem cov qog.

Qhov kev xaiv kho yog nyob ntawm ntau yam suav nrog qog loj, hnub nyoog, xeev kev noj qab haus huv thiab qhov mob hnyav.

Lub hauv paus ntawm neuromas tsis meej. Tsis muaj kev ntsuas tiv thaiv tau tsim los txog niaj hnub no.