Otology yog kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau kev nyiam thiab kev txawv txav ntawm pob ntseg thiab hnov ​​​​lus. Nws yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm otolaryngology lossis "ENT".

Otology saib xyuas kev nyiam ntawm pob ntseg:

• sab nraud, suav nrog pinna thiab sab nraud auditory kwj dej;
• nruab nrab, ua los ntawm lub tympanum, cov saw ntawm cov pob txha (rauj, anvil, stirrup), labyrinthine qhov rais thiab lub eustachian raj;
• sab hauv, los yog cochlea, uas yog lub cev ntawm kev hnov ​​​​lus, ua los ntawm ntau cov kwj dej semicircular.

Otology tsom tshwj xeeb rau kev kho qhov tsis hnov ​​​​lus. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai, ntawm "kev sib kis" (kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg sab nrauv lossis nruab nrab) lossis "kev xaav" (kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg sab hauv).

Tus kws kho mob tau koom nrog hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev cov teeb meem tsis txaus uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau pob ntseg tshwj xeeb:

• tsis hnov ​​lus lossis lag ntseg;
• pob ntseg (mob pob ntseg);
• sib npaug cuam tshuam, kiv taub hau;
• tinnitus.

Nrog ntau yam ua tau:

• mob pob ntseg rov tshwm sim (xws li cholesteatoma, tympanosclerosis, thiab lwm yam);
• perforation ntawm lub pob ntseg;
• otosclerosis (ossification ntawm sab hauv ntawm pob ntseg);
• Meniere's disease ;
• neurosis;
• ua hauj lwm thiab "tshuaj lom" lag ntseg;
• kev raug mob pathologies.

Pathologies ntawm ENT sphere tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau leej twg, tab sis muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo lees paub, ntawm lwm tus, cov hnub nyoog hluas vim tias cov menyuam yaus muaj kab mob pob ntseg thiab lwm yam kab mob ENT ntau dua li cov laus.

Txhawm rau mus txog qhov kev kuaj mob thiab txheeb xyuas lub hauv paus ntawm cov teeb meem, tus kws kho mob otologist:

• nug nws tus neeg mob kom paub qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsis meej xwm txheej, lawv hnub pib thiab lawv hom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, qib ntawm kev tsis xis nyob;
• cov ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawd lossis kev nce qib ntawm kev lag ntseg, uas pab qhia kev kuaj mob;
• ua kev kuaj mob ntawm pob ntseg thiab pob ntseg, siv lub otoscope;
• Tej zaum yuav xav tau kev kuaj ntxiv (los ntsuas qhov tsis hnov ​​​​lus lossis kiv taub hau):
• acumetry (Weber's thiab Rinne's tests);
• audiometry (nrog mloog los ntawm lub mloog pob ntseg hauv lub tsev tsis muaj suab nrov, thiab lwm yam);
• impedancemetry (kev tshawb fawb ntawm nruab nrab pob ntseg thiab pob ntseg);
• tshawb nrhiav ntawm vestibulo-ocular reflex thaum kiv taub hau;
• vestibular kuaj maneuvers (piv txwv li, hloov tus neeg mob txoj hauj lwm sai sai los kuaj lawv lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev txav).

Thaum kuaj tau tiav lawm, kev kho mob yuav muab. Nws tuaj yeem yog phais, tshuaj kho mob lossis koom nrog prostheses lossis implants.

Nyob ntawm nws qhov hnyav, peb paub qhov txawv:

• lag ntseg me yog tias qhov tsis txaus tsawg dua 30 dB;
• Qhov nruab nrab lag ntseg, yog tias nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm 30 thiab 60 dB;
• lag ntseg hnyav, yog tias nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm 70 thiab 90 dB;
• lag ntseg heev yog tias nws siab dua 90 dB.

Nyob ntawm seb hom kev lag ntseg (kev xaav lossis kev sib kis) thiab nws qhov hnyav, tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom haum cov khoom siv pob ntseg lossis phais.

Ua tus kws kho mob hauv Fabkis

Txhawm rau dhau los ua otolaryngologist, tus tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav ntawm kev kawm tshwj xeeb (DES) hauv ENT thiab phais lub taub hau thiab caj dab:

• nws yuav tsum xub ua raws, tom qab nws kawm tiav baccalaureate, ib xyoos ib zaug hauv kev kawm txog kev noj qab haus huv. Nco tseg tias qhov nruab nrab tsawg dua 20% ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tswj hla qhov kev ua tiav no.
• xyoo 4, 5 thiab 6 xyoo ntawm Cov Kws Kho Mob suav nrog kev ua haujlwm
• Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo 6th, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau xeem cov ntawv xeem hauv lub tebchaws kom nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv nce qib. Nyob ntawm lawv qhov kev faib tawm, lawv yuav muaj peev xwm xaiv lawv qhov tshwj xeeb thiab lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Kev xyaum ua otolaryngology kav ntev li 5 xyoos.

Ua tus kws kho mob hauv Quebec

Tom qab kawm ntawv qib siab, tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum mus kawm ntawv qib siab hauv tshuaj. Thawj theem no kav 1 lossis 4 xyoo (nrog lossis tsis muaj lub xyoo npaj rau cov tshuaj rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tau txais kev kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab lossis tsev kawm qib siab uas suav tias tsis txaus hauv kev tshawb fawb lom neeg.

Tom qab ntawd, tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev ua raws li qhov chaw nyob hauv otolaryngology thiab phais taub hau thiab caj dab (5 xyoos).

Ua ntej mus rau lub sijhawm teem nrog ENT, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua ib qho kev kuaj pom lossis kuaj kab mob biology uas twb tau ua tiav lawm.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov mob thiab cov tsos mob (lub sijhawm, qhov pib, zaus, thiab lwm yam), kom nug txog koj tsev neeg keeb kwm thiab nqa ntau yam tshuaj.

Txhawm rau nrhiav tus kws kho mob ENT:

• hauv Quebec, koj tuaj yeem sab laj lub vev xaib ntawm Association d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et deirurgie cervico-faciale du Quebec3, uas muaj cov npe ntawm lawv cov tswv cuab.
• nyob rau Fabkis, ntawm lub vev xaib ntawm National Council of the Order of Physicians4 lossis National Syndicate of Physicians Specializing in ENT thiab Head and Neck Surgery5, uas muaj cov npe.

Kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist tau them los ntawm Health Insurance (Fabkis) lossis Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec.