txheem
Muaj pes tsawg zaus koj tau ua qhov yooj yim piav tes piav taw? Muab ib khob dej rau koj tus menyuam uas thov haus. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee lub tuam tsev, xws li Ile-et-Vilaine, Yonne, Aude lossis Deux-Sèvres, kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua qhia tias cov dej yuav kis tau los ntawm herbicide, atrazine. Ntau tus neeg saib Fabkis tau pom cov khoom no thaum tshaj tawm lub Ob Hlis kawg ntawm Fabkis 2 tsab ntawv ceeb toom, "Kev Tshawb Fawb Nyiaj Txiag" ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab. Peb kawm tias atrazine thiab nws cov metabolites (cov seem ntawm cov molecules) tuaj yeem, ntawm qhov tsawg, cuam tshuam cov lus hormonal hauv cov tsiaj txhu.
Dej muaj kuab paug: qhov txaus ntshai rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub
Thawj qhov kev kawm txog cov teebmeem ntawm atrazine yog tus kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas, Tyrone Hayes, ntawm University of Berkeley hauv California. Qhov no biologist tau commissioned los ntawm Swiss lub tuam txhab Syngenta, uas ua lag luam atrazine los kawm txog cov khoom ntawm cov qav. Nws tau ua ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav tsis txaus ntseeg. Los ntawm kev noj atrazine, txiv neej qav "demasculinized" thiab poj niam qav "defeminized". Kom meej meej, cov batachians tau dhau los ua hermaphrodites.
Hauv Fab Kis, txoj kev tshawb fawb PÉLAGIE * tau qhia ib cuam tshuam rau tib neeg ntawm atrazine raug thaum cev xeeb tub nyob rau theem qis ntawm ib puag ncig kev sib kis. Nrog nws pab pawg los ntawm University of Rennes, kws kho mob kis mob Sylvaine Cordier tau ua raws li 3 tus poj niam cev xeeb tub rau 500 xyoo, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xeeb tub rau menyuam yaus txoj kev loj hlob. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj qib siab ntawm atrazine hauv lawv cov ntshav yog "6% ntau dua yuav muaj menyuam mos uas tsis muaj qhov hnyav thiab 50% muaj feem ntau ntawm kev muaj menyuam nrog lub taub hau qis." . Nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 70 cm hauv ib ncig tsawg dua! Cov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tias atrazine thiab nws cov metabolites tej zaum yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm koob tshuaj tsawg heev. Txwv tsis pub txij li xyoo 2003, atrazine tseem nyob hauv av thiab dej hauv av. Cov tshuaj tua kab no tau siv dav txij li rau caum xyoo hauv cov qoob loo pob kws. Tau ntau xyoo, tau siv ntau ntau: txog li ob peb kilos ib hectare. Sij hawm dhau mus, niam txiv molecule ntawm atrazine tawg mus rau hauv ob peb daim ntawm molecules uas recombine nrog lwm tus. Cov residues no hu ua metabolites. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yeej tsis paub qhov toxicity ntawm cov tshiab molecules tsim.
Puas yog dej paug hauv kuv lub nroog?
Txhawm rau paub seb koj cov dej kais dej muaj atrazine lossis ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom siv, ua tib zoo saib koj daim nqi dej txhua xyoo. Ib xyoos ib zaug, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov zoo ntawm cov dej faib yuav tsum tau qhia nyob rau hauv, raws li kev kuaj xyuas los ntawm cov thawj coj saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv qhov chaw, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj cov dej zoo los ntawm kev nyem rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia kev sib tham. Koj lub nroog lub tsev kuj muaj lub luag haujlwm tso saib cov txiaj ntsig ntawm koj lub nroog cov kev ntsuas dej. Yog tsis yog, koj tuaj yeem thov kom pom lawv. Txwv tsis pub, ntawm lub vev xaib ntawm Ministry of Social Affairs thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, koj yuav pom cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov dej haus zoo hauv koj lub nroog. Yog tias koj nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb hnyav, qhov chaw cog pob kws tau dhau los lossis yog qhov tseem ceeb, nws muaj peev xwm hais tias cov dej hauv av tau kis nrog atrazine. Txoj cai lij choj tau teem caij txwv, raws li txoj cai ceev faj, ntawm 0,1 micrograms ib liter. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv xyoo 2010, txoj cai tshiab tau nce qhov "kev ua siab ntev" ntawm cov qib atrazine hauv dej mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 60 micrograms ib liter. Qhov ntawd yog, ntau dua li tus nqi uas cov kws tshawb fawb pom muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg raug tsim txom.
François Veillerette, tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum "Générations Futures", qhia txog kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab. Nws qhia cov poj niam cev xeeb tub kom tsis txhob tos qhov txwv tsis pub haus dej los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm mus rau tsum tsis txhob haus dej haus nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas cov qib atrazine tshaj qhov pib: "Nrog rau qhov nce siab ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab hauv dej, cov tub ceev xwm tuaj yeem faib nws txuas ntxiv txawm tias muaj pov thawj txaus ntshai rau cov neeg muaj kev ntxhov siab, xws li cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. thiab cov menyuam yaus. Kuv xav qhia rau cov neeg no kom tsis txhob haus cov kais dej. “
Cov dej twg muab rau peb cov menyuam?
Rau cov me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam me, xaiv cov dej caij nplooj ntoos hlav hauv lub raj mis yas uas sau tias "Zoo rau kev npaj cov khoom noj me nyuam mos" (thiab tsis yog dej ntxhia, uas yog loaded nrog minerals). Vim tias tsis yog txhua lub raj mis dej tsim sib npaug. Qee cov khoom yas tuaj yeem pom hauv dej (cim 3, 6 thiab 7 nyob rau hauv daim duab peb sab xub cim) thiab tsis tshua paub txog lawv cov teebmeem rau kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov zoo tagnrho? Haus dej fwj hauv khob. Cov tsev neeg uas xav kom haus cov kais dej txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv rov qab osmosis, ib qho cuab yeej uas ntxuav cov dej hauv tsev kom tshem tawm nws cov tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob muab rau cov menyuam mos lossis cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. (saib zaj lus tim khawv)
Tab sis cov kev daws teeb meem no cuam tshuam rau ecologist François Veillerette: "Nws tsis yog ib txwm tsis muaj peev xwm haus dej haus. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tsis kam nrhiav tshuaj tua kab hauv dej. Nws yog lub sij hawm rov qab mus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ceev faj txog cov neeg tsis muaj zog thiab yeej rov qab sib ntaus sib tua rau dej zoo. Nws yog peb cov menyuam uas yuav them rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov dej paug no rau xyoo tom ntej. Raws li kev ntxhov siab los ntawm cov pej xeem txhawj xeeb thiab xov xwm, cov ntaub ntawv ntau thiab ntau tau nthuav tawm ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab rau cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ib puag ncig. Tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas rau cov khoom hloov?
* Txoj kev tshawb fawb PÉLAGIE (Kev cuam tshuam endocrine: Kev tshawb fawb ntev ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cev xeeb tub, xeeb tub thiab menyuam yaus) Inserm, University of Rennes.