txheem
Flammulaster šipovatyj (Flammulaster muricatus)
- Kev faib tawm: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Chav Kawm: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Qib: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Kev txiav txim: Agaricales (Agaric lossis Lamellar)
- Tsev neeg: Inocybaceae (Fibrous)
- Flammulaster (Flammulaster)
- hom: Flammulaster muricatus (Flammulaster šipovatyj) Cov tsos mob
:
- Flammulaster prickly
- Agaricus muricatus Fr.
- Pholiota muricata (Fr.) P. Kumm.
- Dryophila muricata (Fr.) Quel.
- Naucoria muricata (Fr.) Kuehner & Romagn.
- Phaeomarasmius muricatus (Fr.) Singer
- Flocculina muricata (Fr.) PD Orton
- Flammulaster denticulatus PD Orton
Lub npe scientific: Flammulaster muricatus (Fr.) Watling, 1967
taxonomic keeb kwm:
Xyoo 1818, Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries tau piav qhia txog cov kab mob no, muab nws lub npe Agaricus muricatus. Tom qab ntawd, Scotsman Roy Watling tau hloov cov tsiaj no mus rau genus Flammulaster hauv xyoo 1967, tom qab ntawd nws tau txais nws lub npe tam sim no ntawm Flammulaster muricatus.
Taub hau: 4 - 20 mm inch, qee zaus tuaj yeem ncav cuag peb centimeters. Thaum xub thawj hemispherical nrog ib tug nkhaus ntug thiab ib tug zoo-grained daim ntaub thaiv nyob rau hauv daim hlau. Raws li lub cev fruiting matures, nws ua convex-prostrate nrog ib tug me me tubercle, conical. Liab-xim av, xim av, nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua ocher-xim av, lub teeb xim av, tom qab nrog ib tug rusty tint. Nrog rau qhov tsis sib xws matte, felted nto, npog nrog ntom, erect, warty nplai. Ntug yog fringed. Cov xim ntawm cov nplai yog tib yam li lub hau ntawm lub hau, lossis tsaus dua.
Cov nplais dai ntawm ntug yog muab tso rau hauv daim duab peb sab, tsim cov nyhuv ntawm ntau lub hnub qub.
kab pulp nyias, tsis yooj yim, daj-xim av.
ceg: 3-4 cm ntev thiab 0,3-0,5 cm inch, cylindrical, hollow, me ntsis widened ntawm lub hauv paus, feem ntau nkhaus. Feem ntau ntawm cov ceg yog them nrog txiv kab ntxwv-xim av, spiny nplai. Hauv qab yog tsaus dua. Nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm qia, nyob rau hauv feem ntau, muaj ib tug annular cheeb tsam, saum toj no uas lub nto yog smoother, tsis muaj nplai.
Pulp hauv ceg fibrous, brownish.
Cov ntaub ntawv: adnate nrog tus hniav, nruab nrab zaus, nrog lub teeb daj jagged ntug, matte, nrog ntau daim hlau. Cov nceb hluas muaj lub teeb ocher xim, tig xim av nrog lub hnub nyoog, qee zaum nrog cov txiv ntseej tint, tom qab nrog rusty me ntsis.
tsis hnov tsw: Hauv qee qhov chaw muaj qhov tsw tsw ntxhiab ntawm pelargonium (chav geranium). Lwm qhov chaw qhia tus ntxhiab tsw li tsawg.
saj tsis qhia, tuaj yeem iab.
Ntsuas kab mob:
Spores: 5,8-7,0 × 3,4-4,3 µm; qm = 1,6. Thick-walled, ellipsoidal los yog me ntsis ovoid, thiab qee zaum me ntsis flattened ntawm ib sab, du, straw-daj xim, nrog ib tug pom sprouting pore.
Basidia: 17-32 × 7-10 µm, luv, qws-puab. Plaub-spored, tsis tshua muaj ob-spored.
Cystids: 30–70 × 4–9 µm, cylindrical, ncaj los yog sinuous, tsis muaj xim lossis nrog cov ntsiab lus daj-xim av.
Pileipellis: muaj spherical, oblique pear-puab cov ntsiab lus 35 - 50 microns, nrog xim av inlay.
spore hmoov: rusty xim av.
Spiny Flammulaster yog saprotrophic fungus. Loj hlob singly thiab nyob rau hauv me me pawg ntawm decaying hardwood: beech, birch, alder, aspen. Nws tseem tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov tawv ntoo, sawdust, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov pob tw tsis muaj zog.
Shady deciduous hav zoov nrog ntau cov ntoo tuag yog nws qhov chaw nyiam.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo Los ntawm Lub Rau Hli mus txog Lub Kaum Hli (ntau heev hauv Lub Xya Hli thiab nyob rau ib nrab ntawm Lub Yim Hli).
Tsis tshua muaj nceb.
Flammulaster muricatus tuaj yeem pom nyob rau ntau qhov chaw hauv nruab nrab thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj Europe, nrog rau yav qab teb Britain thiab Ireland. Nyob rau sab hnub poob Siberia tau sau tseg hauv thaj tsam Tomsk thiab Novosibirsk thiab Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug.
Tsawg heev nyob rau hauv North America. Pom tau tshaj tawm hauv Hocking Forest Reserve, Ohio, California, thiab yav qab teb Alaska.
Thiab tseem muaj kev pom hauv East Africa (Kenya).
Nws tau suav nrog hauv Cov Npe Liab ntawm macromycetes: Czech koom pheej hauv qeb EN - cov tsiaj muaj kev phom sij thiab Switzerland nyob rau hauv qeb VU - yooj yim.
Tsis paub. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv toxicological qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov nceb yog qhov tsawg heev thiab me me ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ua noj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xav txog nws inedible.
Flammulaster beveled (Flammulaster limulatus)
Cov fungus me no tuaj yeem pom hauv hav zoov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov ntoo tawv tawv, uas ua rau nws zoo ib yam li Flammulaster muricatus. Lawv zoo ib yam li qhov loj me thiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qho tib si yog them nrog nplai. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nplai ntawm Flammulaster spiny yog qhov loj dua thiab tsaus dua. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ntug ntawm lub hau ntawm Spiky Flammulaster, thaum lub Slanted Flammulaster tsis muaj nws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Flammulaster limulatus tsis hnov tsw ntawm geranium lossis radish, uas tuaj yeem suav tias yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob cov nceb zoo sib xws.
Hom flake (Pholiota squarrosa)
Outwardly, Flammulaster yog prickly, thaum tseem hluas nws tuaj yeem ua yuam kev rau me me scaly. Lo lus tseem ceeb ntawm no yog "me", thiab qhov sib txawv. Txawm hais tias sab nraud lawv zoo sib xws, Pholiota squarrosa yog cov nceb nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj dua, txawm tias cov hluas. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv loj hlob hauv pawg, thaum Flammulaster yog ib qho nceb.
Phaeomarasmius erinaceus (Phaeomarasmius erinaceus)
Cov fungus no yog ib qho saprotroph ntawm cov pob tw tuag, feem ntau willows. Thaum piav qhia txog Theomarasmius, tib yam macrofeatures yog siv rau Flammulaster prickly: lub kaus mom liab-xim av semicircular npog nrog cov nplai nrog ib ntug fringed, scaly stalk nrog thaj tsam annular saum toj no uas yog du. Vim li no, nws nyuaj rau piav qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hom no.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj saib ze, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov txawv. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, Phaeoomarasmius erinaceus yog ib qho me me fungus tshaj Flammulaster muricatus. Feem ntau tsis ntau tshaj ib centimeter. Cov nplai ntawm cov qia yog me me, muaj kev xav, thiab tsis spiny, zoo li hauv Flammulaster. Nws tseem muaj qhov txawv los ntawm cov paj ntaub tuab thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab saj.
Yees duab: Sergey.