Pruning qub txiv apples

Txhua tsob nroj muaj nws lub neej ntev. Yog li ntawd, koj cov txiv apples tau loj hlob tuaj, cov qoob loo poob qis, cov txiv apples tau ua me me. Yog li ntawd, nws yog lub sij hawm los rejuvenate lawv. Tib txoj kev ua qhov no yog txiav.

Pruning ntawm txiv apples yog nqa tawm kom raug, txwv tsis pub koj tsuas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem tsob ntoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhua rooj plaub yuav muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, yog li cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj tswv yim. Tab sis muaj cov cai uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li txhua lub sijhawm.

Basic pruning qauv

Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau pruning yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav, uas yog lub Peb Hlis. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov as-ham yog concentrated nyob rau hauv ntoo, yog li tsob ntoo yuav ua siab ntev pruning tsawg mob. Qee theem ntawm pruning tuaj yeem, thiab txawm tias xav tau, yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg.

• Pruning yog ib txwm ua nyob rau hauv theem. Yog tias koj txiav tag nrho cov yas ib zaug, tsob ntoo tsuas yog tsis muaj sia nyob.
• Ib txwm pib pruning los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub crown oriented mus rau sab qab teb.
• Rau cov txiv apples siab, tua tau luv luv kom txo qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo los ntawm ib feem peb.

  

• Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txiav cov ceg uas ua rau lub pob txha ntawm tsob ntoo, qhov no yog qhov ntsuas huab cua, nws ua rau cov txiv apples tsis muaj zog heev.
• Tshem tawm cov tua uas tau tso tseg. Tag nrho cov txiav yog ua nyob rau ntawm ib tug kaum sab xis 45 degree.
• Thaum tshem cov ceg loj, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tsob ntoo, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm tsis pub ntau tshaj 2 ntawm lawv nrog lub thickness ntawm txog 10 cm.
• Tag nrho cov ceg nyias nyias dua li xaum, thiab tuab nrog txoj kab uas hla mus txog 4 cm, raug txiav ncaj qha rau hauv lub raum. Slices overgrow zoo tshaj yog tias lub thickness ntawm tua tsis tshaj 2 cm.

• Txiav cov tua, hloov lawv mus rau sab ceg kom lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog ntsug.

  

• Nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm tag nrho cov pob caus thiab stumps.
• Subordination yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam: lub qis ceg yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj lub Upper tua nyob rau hauv qhov siab, lagging qab lawv nyob rau hauv no taw qhia los ntawm ib tug thib peb.
• Ib txhij nrog pruning, cov hauv paus hniav ntawm apples yog rejuvenated.
• Ntxuav cov txiav nrog rab riam thiab smearing nrog paraffin roj-raws li vaj teb suab yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshwm sim tom qab trimming. Yog hais tias qhov txiav yog loj dua 5 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, nws yog them nrog ib tug maub yas zaj duab xis, uas yog tsau. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis, cov yeeb yaj kiab yuav tsum raug tshem tawm.
• Tom qab pruning, tsuas yog cov muaj zog tshaj plaws uas loj hlob sab nraud yog sab laug los ntawm cov tua saum toj kawg nkaus uas tau tshwm sim ntawm tsob ntoo txiv apple, khaws qhov deb ntawm 50 mus rau 70 cm ntawm lawv. Qhov seem tua yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai li sai tau thaum lawv loj hlob 10 cm nyob rau hauv ntev. Tua raug tshem tawm thoob plaws lub caij.

Nyob rau hauv daim duab, cov xib xub daj qhia cov saum uas txuas los ntawm cov ceg pob txha - cov xub liab-daj.

Yog tias tsob ntoo tsis tu ncua tu thiab crowned, rejuvenating pruning yuav yooj yim dua. Qee lub sij hawm, thaum lub vaj tso tseg tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas, cov txiv apples yog li tsis saib xyuas tias nws yuav siv sijhawm tsawg kawg 10 xyoo los coj lawv mus rau qhov zoo.

Peb yuav mloog cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov neeg paub txog gardeners thiab prune qub neglected txiv apples raws li tag nrho cov cai.

Yuav ua li cas rau lub caij nplooj zeeg: tswvyim

Pib - sanitary pruning:

• Cov ceg ntoo uas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, zoo li tuag, nrog kev puas tsuaj, raug tshem tawm. Pruning yog ua tiav ntawm lub nplhaib. Hauv cov ceg ntawm tsob ntoo txiv apple, lub nplhaib yog ib feem ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm lawv lub hauv paus. Nws yeej tsis txiav. Qhov txiav yog ib txwm ua kom siab dua me ntsis.

  

• Nyias tawm lub crown, uas, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov kab mob thiab twisted ceg raug tshem tawm.
• Cov ceg uas tsim lub kaum me me nrog lub cev raug txiav tawm.
• Txiav tawm tag nrho cov ceg tangled, nrog rau cov uas muaj kev sib cuag.
• Ua tib zoo smooth tag nrho cov txiav. Lawv raug kho nrog vaj teb.

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog lub caij nplooj zeeg tsim ntawm cov txiv apple qub, saib hauv video:

Yuav ua li cas cog txiv apples nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav: daim duab

Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsim ntawm txiv apples yog nqa tawm ua ntej buds swell. Cov ceg saum lub raum yog luv, txiav yog ua oblique, sab sauv yog nyob rau tib theem li lub raum. Txhawm rau tsim cov yas kom zoo, cov ceg ntoo yuav tsum luv dua li cov hauv qab thiab nruab nrab.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov tua uas khov tau raug tshem tawm.

Qhov ntev ntawm cov tua sab laug nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm tsob ntoo txoj kev loj hlob:

• nyob rau hauv undersized thiab dwarfs, tsuas yog sab saum toj ntawm tua yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm;
• nyob rau hauv txiv apples ntawm nruab nrab lub zog, tua yog luv luv los ntawm ib feem peb;
• nyob rau hauv lub zog apples - ib nrab.

  

Tag nrho cov seem raug kho zoo ib yam li lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm pruning thiab shaping qub txiv apples nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm video:

Nta ntawm phased rejuvenation

Thawj theem ntawm rejuvenation ntawm lub qub txiv apples pib los ntawm sab qab teb ib feem ntawm lub crown. Tom qab pruning, qhov seem ntawm cov yas yuav tsum muaj qhov siab tsis tshaj 3 m, thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov ceg yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2 m.

Thaum lub sij hawm no ib feem ntawm pruning, sab qaum teb cheeb tsam ntawm lub crown tseem unchanged, thiab lub ntsiab fruiting yuav tshwm sim rau nws. Skeletal ceg tsis pruned yam tsis muaj kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, tab sis cov ceg ntoo ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov ceg txiav txiav raug tshem tawm lossis luv luv ntau npaum li qhov xav tau hauv txhua qhov tshwj xeeb. Tom qab txog 4 xyoos, lub overgrown trimmed ib feem ntawm lub crown pib txi txiv. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, lawv pib rejuvenate sab qaum teb ib feem ntawm tsob ntoo crown, coj nws nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev.

Heev pruning ntawm ib tug qub txiv apples tsob ntoo

Nrog lub hnub nyoog, nyob rau hauv siab txiv apples, fruiting yog concentrated nyob rau hauv periphery ntawm lub crown. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev rau sau los ntawm xws li txiv apples. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem sim ua qhov huab pruning ntawm tsob ntoo. Ua ntej pib nws, peb xyuas kom meej tias tsob ntoo pob tw yog nyob rau hauv zoo, tsis puas thiab tsis muaj hollows los yog kab mob. Pruning yog nqa tawm saum toj no txoj kev loj hlob tua thiaj li tsis ua kom tag nrho nthuav lub crown, txo nws qhov siab mus rau 2 m. Tsob ntoo tsim ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, uas fruiting yuav tshwm sim. Nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev, raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub ntsiab skeletal ceg yog maj shortened los ntawm ib nrab thiab pauv mus rau lateral kev loj hlob.

Koj yuav tsum tshem tawm nws thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg kom tsob ntoo tuaj yeem npaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Yog hais tias koj ua xws li ib tug pruning nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, muaj ib tug siab tshwm sim ntawm khov ntawm tua.

Rejuvenation ntawm lub hauv paus system

Nws yog pib 4 xyoos tom qab rejuvenation ntawm sab qab teb ntawm lub crown. Lub sijhawm no, sab qaum teb yog rejuvenated. Nyob rau sab uas lub crown raug txiav, lawv thim rov qab los ntawm lub cev ntawm cov txiv apples txog 3 m, khawb ib tug trench, 75 cm dav thiab tob, thiab nws ntev yuav tsum sib haum mus rau lub txiav ib feem ntawm lub crown. Sab saum toj txheej ntawm av nrog ib tug tob ntawm ib tug shovel bayonet yuav tsum tau folded nyias. Cov hauv paus hniav liab qab yog txiav nrog rab diav ntse, cov loj loj yog txiav nrog lub vaj pom los yog txiav nrog rab diav.

Lub trench yuav tsum tau sau nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm humus nrog fertile av muab tso tseg. Feem: ib rau ib. Ntoo tshauv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau qhov sib tov, nrog rau cov pob zeb hauv av complex. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cov av rau feem ntau muaj av nplaum, nws yog loosened los ntawm ntxiv coarse xuab zeb tov nrog me me pebbles. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb xuab zeb av, ib tug sib tov ntawm peat thiab av nplaum yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau lub trench. Yog tias ua tau, ntxiv compost, uas muaj ntau cov kab mob hauv av.

Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tsob ntoo los ntawm hnyav pruning thiab txhawb kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov tua tshiab, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom zoo.

Tsob ntoo tom qab anti-aging pruning

Yog hais tias ib tug qub txiv apples tau rejuvenated los ntawm pruning, nws ze-stem voj voog yuav tsum tau fertilized. Tus nqi ntawm fertilizer yog nyob ntawm seb cov av tau muab nrog cov as-ham. Yog hais tias xws li kev ruaj ntseg yog nruab nrab, cov nram qab no yog them rau txhua square meter:

• los ntawm 6 mus rau 8 kg ntawm organic teeb meem;
• txog 20 g ntawm urea;
• los ntawm 16 mus rau 19 g ntawm poov tshuaj chloride;
• 13 g ntawm superphosphate.

Txog li 250 g ib square meter ntawm ntoo tshauv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov poov tshuaj, phosphorus thiab kab kawm. Fertilize txiv apples ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Txhawm rau kaw cov chiv, cov av yog loosened nrog pitchfork lossis khawb nrog duav, tab sis tsis tob tshaj 15 cm. Tom qab cov daus melts, lub cev lub voj voog yog loosened kom tsis txhob ya raws.

Rau ib tsob ntoo uas muaj hnub nyoog 30 xyoo, yuav tsum muaj txog 20 qhov dej. Lawv yog drilled mus rau qhov tob ntawm 55-60 cm. Cov chiv yuav tsum tau siv rau cov qhov dej zoo li no hauv lub xeev yaj. Tus nqi ntawm cov chiv tseem zoo ib yam li kev khawb. Yog hais tias nws yog txiav txim siab mus fertilize lub grooves, ces lawv tau teem ib tug me ntsis ntxiv tshaj sab nrauv ciam teb ntawm lub crown. Qhov ntev ntawm qhov chaw so yog 40 cm, nrog qhov dav txog li 50. Tom qab hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus, lawv yuav tsum tau npog nrog lub ntiaj teb. Xyoo tom qab, tsob ntoo yog pub los ntawm txhua sab. Lub caij ntuj sov pub ntawm apple tsob ntoo nrog complex chiv yog tsim nyog. Yog hais tias tsob ntoo yuav muab ib tug loj sau, foliar sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yuav pab tau heev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv 1% kev daws teeb meem ntawm urea: 10 g ntawm chiv yog diluted hauv 100 liv dej. Nqa tawm xws li hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov kom tsob ntoo lays ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm paj buds rau xyoo tom ntej.

Cov lus qhia rau inexperienced gardeners

Yuav kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-cov ceg ntoo thiab tsis tshem tawm lawv thaum pruning, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no:

• ringlets - cov txheej txheem tsis ntev tshaj 5 cm nrog lub nplhaib nti ntawm lub cortex thiab apical bud;
• hmuv mus txog 15 cm ntev, nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 degrees mus rau ceg, thiab feem ntau zaum buds thiab me spikes;
• txiv hmab txiv ntoo twigs - ceg ntawm ib tug loj loj ntev, uas yuav ua tau ncaj los yog nkhaus.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplua nuj tshaj plaws yog ringlets.

Rau cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav pib tawm hauv lub vaj thiab tsis muaj kev paub txaus txog pruning, cov lus qhia hauv qab no yuav pab tau:

• Rau pruning, lawv siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb vaj: vaj saws, ncej pruners. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum ntse thiab tsis muaj xeb.
• Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab txog kev tua kab mob ntawm cov cuab yeej, txwv tsis pub koj tuaj yeem kis tus ntoo nrog cov kab mob. Nws yog nqa tawm txawm nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb antiseptic los yog kev kho mob cawv, nyiam dua tom qab txhua txiav, nyob rau hauv heev mob, mus rau pruning tom ntej no tsob ntoo.
• Nco ntsoov kho cov ntoo txiav tam sim ntawd tom qab txiav thiab stripping kom lawv tsis qhuav tawm.

Pruning qub txiv apples yog cov txheej txheem ntev uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntau thiab siv zog, tab sis nws yuav pab ua kom lub cev muaj zog ntawm tsob ntoo kom ntev li 15 xyoos.