Tannins (tannins) yog cov sib xyaw ua ke uas tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Lawv yog cov polyphenols thiab yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev. Tannins yog dej-soluble thiab muaj qhov hnyav molecular nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 500 txog 3000 Da. Cov khoom uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov tebchaw no muaj qhov hnyav, tsis hnov tsw thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kuab lom.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, Tannins muaj ib tug tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqi, deterring herbivores. Ntawm lwm yam, tannins muaj Nyob rau hauv lub bark ntawm Oak, willow, spruce, chestnut, larch, walnut nplooj, sage, wine, tshuaj yej, ceev, nyob rau hauv ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo (xws li blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, txiv hmab, pomegranates, txiv apples), nyob rau hauv St. wort, cinquefoil, turnip rape, cistus infusion thiab legume noob, buckwheat, tsaus chocolate thiab cocoa.
Tannins - kev puas tsuaj
Peb faib tannins rau hauv ob hom:
- hydrolysing - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub molecule yog ib tug monosaccharide, cov hydroxyl pawg uas yog esterified nrog gallic acid residues los yog nws derivatives; yooj yim hydrolysed rau qaug zog acids thiab bases los yog enzymes;
- non-hydrolysing (condensed) - lawv tsis muaj saccharide nyob rau hauv lub molecule, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv unripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab noob, uas nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ripening yog tawg mus rau hauv lub tebchaw nrog me me molecules.
Tannins - khoom
Tannins muaj ntau yam khoom uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg lub cev, suav nrog:
- soothe irritations,
- txo qhov khaus thiab hlawv,
- muaj anti-inflammatory thiab antibacterial thaj chaw,
- txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob,
- tiv thaiv kev ua xua.
Noj ntawm qhov ncauj, lawv muaj cov nyhuv astringent ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias, inhibit lawv permeability, tiv thaiv, piv txwv li, microbleeding los ntawm capillary hlab ntsha (feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av).
Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, tannins tuaj yeem tiv thaiv txhua yam qogthiab tseem qeeb tus nqi ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav. Lawv tuaj yeem pab hloov cov microflora ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab cov hnyuv, tshem tawm cov kab mob pathogenic. Muaj zog antioxidant zog ntawm tannins neutralize dawb radicals uas ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm tes. Lawv inhibit lipid peroxidation thiab sib npaug ntawm HIV. Lawv kuj muaj cov nyhuv anti-carcinogenic. Yooj yim hydrolysing tannins tau tawg hauv lub plab zom mov. Tannins kuj tseem siv los tiv thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm alkaloids lom.
Tannins kuj siv los kho tsiaj tawv nqaij. Kev ua haujlwm antioxidant ntawm tannins tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ncua lub txee lub neej ntawm cov zaub mov. Ib qho piv txwv yog cawv liab, uas, ua tsaug rau tannins, tuaj yeem loj hlob tau ntau xyoo thiab tsis oxidized. Vim qhov yooj yim ntawm kev sib txuas tannins nrog hlau ions, lawv tau siv kom tau cov xim.
Kev siv ntau dhau ntawm cov nroj tsuag nplua nuj hauv tannins cuam tshuam qhov nqus ntawm, ntawm lwm tus, cov vitamins, macro- thiab microelements hauv plab hnyuv. Non-hydrolysing tannins decompose nyob rau hauv lub plab hnyuv ib ntsuj av tau mus rau hauv cov tshuaj lom, ua rau lom, yog li ntawd yuav tsum tsis txhob noj unripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo.