Lub lingual papillae yog nyem nyob rau hauv ob sab phlu ntawm tus nplaig, ib co ntawm cov kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev xaav ntawm saj. Lub lingual papillae tuaj yeem yog qhov chaw ntawm ntau yam pathologies vim kev tu lub qhov ncauj tsis zoo, lossis lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob lossis kis kab mob los ntawm lwm yam pathologies. 

Lub lingual papillae yog me me nyem nyob rau hauv ob sab phlu ntawm tus nplaig. Muaj plaub hom lingual papillae tag nrho npog nrog ntau txheej epithelium (cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tes):

• Lub goblet papillae, hu ua lingual V, tus naj npawb 9 txog 12. Lawv tau teeb tsa hauv V-puab ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig.
• Cov me me thiab ntau ntau filiform papillae yog teem rau hauv kab sib npaug mus rau lub lingual V nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus nplaig. Lawv tau them nrog ib qho epithelium, qee lub hlwb uas muaj keratin (sulfur protein uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov epidermis).
• Cov fungiform papillae yog tawg ntawm cov filiform papillae nyob rau sab nraum qab thiab sab ntawm tus nplaig. Nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub taub hau ntawm pins, lawv yog cov liab qab ntau dua li filiform papillae.
• Cov foliate papillae (los yog foliaceous) yog nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig nyob rau hauv lub extension ntawm lub lingual V. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nplooj ntawv, lawv muaj lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg (lub cev tsis muaj zog).

Nyob rau hauv lawv cov epithelial hauv ob sab phlu, goblet, fungiform thiab foliate papillae muaj saj receptors, kuj hu ua saj buds.

Tas lub luag hauj lwm

Goblet, fungiform thiab foliate saj buds ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev xaav ntawm tsib qhov tsw: qab zib, qaub, iab, qab ntsev, umami.

Lub saj buds muaj nyob rau hauv lub saj buds yog endowed nrog nto receptors uas yog cov proteins uas muaj peev xwm los khi rau ib tug muab hom molecule. Thaum ib lub molecule clings mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub pob, ib lub teeb liab kis mus rau lub hlwb uas xa rov qab ib tug hnov ​​lus (nqaij, qab zib, thiab lwm yam) Txhua bud yog wired nrog ib tug muab cheeb tsam ntawm lub hlwb uas ua rau muaj kev xav. . qab ntxiag (qab zib) los yog tsis kaj siab (iab).

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev

Kev nkag siab ntawm saj tswj kev noj zaub mov, hloov kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab pab xaiv cov zaub mov. Piv txwv li, cov kua qaub thiab iab yog thawj qhov kev xav tsis zoo uas ceeb toom tawm tsam cov zaub mov muaj kuab lom lossis lwj.

Mechanical luag hauj lwm

Lub filiform papillae, uas tsis muaj saj buds, muaj lub luag hauj lwm txhua yam. Lawv tsim ib qho chaw ntxhib rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus nplaig kom txwv tsis pub zawv zawg ntawm cov khoom noj thaum zom.

Saj buds tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam txawv txav thiab pathologies.

Pathology txuas rau qhov ncauj tsis huv

• Tus nplaig saburral yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj xim grey-dawb txheej nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus nplaig vim yog clumping ntawm keratins hauv filiform papillae. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam hauv zos, digestive lossis kab mob hauv lub cev.
• Villous (los yog plaub hau) tus nplaig yog ib qho mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov cell uas muaj keratin. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus nplaig ntawm xim av-dub, daj lossis dawb filaments. Nws yuav ua rau muaj kev xav ntawm impasto, khaus lossis xim hlau saj. Kev haus luam yeeb, haus dej cawv, noj tshuaj tua kab mob lossis lub qhov ncauj qhuav yog qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem.

Hom lus

Geographic tus nplaig yog ib qho mob benign tshwm sim los ntawm qhov pom ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lingual depapillation ntawm dorsal thiab / lossis lateral ib feem ntawm tus nplaig. Qhov chaw thiab cov duab ntawm qhov txhab hloov raws sijhawm. Ib tus nplaig thaj chaw tuaj yeem txhim kho nrog qee yam tshuaj (corticosteroids, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob) lossis tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib lossis psoriasis.

Qhov ncauj mucosa

• Erythemas yog liab liab uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm cov mucous ntawm tus nplaig nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Queyrat erythroplakia, vitamin B12 deficiency los yog kab mob los ntawm ib tug kab mob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Candida poov xab).
• Cov kab mob ulcerations yog cov kab mob loj heev uas kho tau nyuaj (kev puas tsuaj tom qab kab noj hniav los yog tom, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, thiab lwm yam).
• Cov thaj ua rau thaj dawb yog cov kab mob protruding uas tuaj yeem tsim ua ib feem ntawm leukoplakia, squamous cell carcinoma (malignant qog ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav), los yog lichen planus.
• Cov vesicles, protrusions ntawm qhov me me uas muaj cov kua dej serous, raug pom thaum lub sij hawm mob ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa kab mob (herpes, kab mob qhua pias, shingles, tes-ko taw-qhov ncauj syndrome).

Kev mob ntawm lub saj buds

• Kev mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg lymphoid muaj nyob rau hauv foliate papillae ua rau benign papillae o.
• Kab mob Kawasaki yog ib qho mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv tshwj xeeb xws li tus nplaig raspberry (o ntawm lub saj buds)
• Papillitis yog ib qho mob ntawm fungiform papillae

Papillae atrophy

Atrophy yog qhov txo qis hauv lub tsev thaiv ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

• Hlau deficiency tuaj yeem ua rau atrophy ntawm lub saj buds nrog ib tug du, glossy tsos ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm tus nplaig.
• Lichen planus tuaj yeem ua rau ploj mus tas li ntawm lingual papillae
• qhov ncauj qhuav

Pathology indirect cuam tshuam lub luag hauj lwm ntawm saj buds

Qee qhov pathologies cuam tshuam qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lub cev uas cuam tshuam nrog kev saj buds, lub paj hlwb thiab lub hlwb:

• Tuag tes tuag taw ntawm lub ntsej muag
• Kev mob ntawm lub ntsej muag paj hlwb
• Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv hlwb lossis thalamus tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm saj, kuj hu ua ageusia.

Pathology txuas rau qhov ncauj tsis huv

Tus nplaig saburral thiab tus nplaig plaub hau raug kho nrog kev txhuam hniav thiab txhuam tsis tu ncua cuam tshuam nrog kev rov tsim kho qhov ncauj kom huv si. Kev kho mob ntawm tus nplaig plaub hau kuj yog raws li kev tshem tawm ntawm cov xwm txheej uas muaj feem cuam tshuam.

Hom lus

Thaum qhov mob yog mob, kev kho tshuaj yuav raug txiav txim siab suav nrog tshuaj pleev tacrolimus, corticosteroids, retinoids (tshuaj pleev lossis qhov ncauj) thiab ciclosporin.

Lwm yam kev kho mob

Thaum cov papillae kev koom tes yog tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam pathology, kev kho mob yog qhov ua rau. Piv txwv li, kev kis kab mob nrog cov kab mob yog kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob lossis tshuaj tua kab mob hauv zos. Papillitis kho spontaneously. 

Noj qab nyob zoo thiab ua hauj lwm saj buds mus thawj thiab foremost los ntawm qhov ncauj huv si:

• Sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj txhuam hniav 
• Kev siv tshuaj txhuam hniav fluoride
• Kev siv xov khoom noj
• Kev mus ntsib kws kho hniav txhua xyoo 
• Kev noj zaub mov txawv thiab sib npaug

Tsis tas li ntawd, zom cov pos hniav uas tsis muaj piam thaj tom qab txhua qhov kev noj zaub mov thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav qhov ncauj tsis muaj cawv kuj raug pom zoo.