Tatar ua noj

Lawv hais tias Auguste Escoffier yog thawj tus los qhia txog lub npe "Tatar cuisine". Tib qho tib neeg, tus thuam, kws sau ntawv ua noj thiab, tib lub sij hawm, "tus vaj ntxwv kws ua zaub mov noj thiab kws ua zaub mov ntawm vaj ntxwv." Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm nws lub tsev noj mov hauv Ritz tsev so tam sim no thiab tom qab ntawd tau tshwm sim "tartar" cov tais diav - cov kua ntses, kua nqaij, ntses, thiab lwm yam. Thiab txawm hais tias qhov tseeb lawv tsis tshua sib xws nrog tiag cov zaub mov hauv Tatar, yuav luag tag nrho lub ntiaj teb koom nrog lawv, tsis hais tias tsis yog tias, qhov tseeb, lawv yuav tsum tau ua ntau dua, nthuav thiab ntau haiv neeg.

Keeb kwm

Niaj hnub nimno Tatar cuisine yog incredibly nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov khoom, tais diav thiab lawv cov zaub mov txawv, tab sis qhov no tsis yog tas li. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm lub Tatars yog nomads uas siv feem ntau ntawm lawv lub sij hawm rau kev sib tw. Tias yog vim li cas lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov khoom noj yog cov khoom txaus siab tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig - nqaij. Nees nqaij, yaj thiab nqaij nyuj yog ib txwm noj. Lawv tau stewed, kib, boiled, salted, smoked, qhuav los yog qhuav. Hauv ib lo lus, lawv tau npaj zaub mov qab thiab npaj rau kev siv yav tom ntej. Nrog rau lawv, cov Tatars kuj nyiam cov khoom noj siv mis, uas lawv tau noj ntawm lawv tus kheej los yog siv los npaj cov dej qab zib (kumis) thiab delicacies (kruta, los yog salted cheese).

Ib qho ntxiv, thaum tshawb nrhiav thaj chaw tshiab, lawv yeej tau qiv cov tais diav tshiab los ntawm lawv cov neeg nyob sib ze. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ntawm qee kis ntawm lawv cov dogarkhan, lossis cov ntaub pua rooj, cov hmoov nplej, ntau hom tshuaj yej, zib ntab, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd, thaum thawj nomads pib siv rau lub neej nyob ntsiag to, cov tais diav ntawm cov nqaij qaib kuj tau xau rau hauv Tatar cuisine, txawm hais tias lawv tsis tau tswj hwm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tatars lawv tus kheej tau cog qoob loo, nplej, buckwheat, oats, peas, millet, tau koom nrog kev cog zaub thiab beekeeping, uas, ntawm chav kawm, tau pom hauv qhov zoo ntawm lawv cov zaub mov. Yog li, cov nplej thiab zaub tais diav tau tshwm ntawm cov rooj hauv zos, uas tom qab dhau los ua cov tais diav.

nta

Tatar ua noj tau tsim sai heev. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws tau zoo heev tsis yog los ntawm keeb kwm cov xwm txheej, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev ua noj ua haus ntawm nws cov neeg nyob ze. Nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv, cov zaub mov nrov ntawm Lavxias, Udmurts, Mari, cov neeg ntawm Central Asia, tshwj xeeb hauv Tajiks thiab Uzbeks, tau pib nkag mus rau hauv nws. Tab sis qhov no tsis ua rau nws haj yam phem, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, nws dhau los ua kev nplua nuj thiab tawg paj. Kev tsom xam cov chav ua noj Tatar hnub no, peb tuaj yeem hais nws lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb:

• siv cov rog ntau. Txij lub sij hawm immemorial, lawv nyiam cog thiab tsiaj (nqaij nyuj, yaj, nees, nqaij qaib rog), ntxiv rau ghee thiab butter, uas lawv nyiam ua zaub mov ntau yam. Qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws yog tias tsis muaj dab tsi hloov pauv txij li ntawd - Tatar zaub mov tsis xav txog hnub no yam tsis muaj rog, kua zaub nplua nuj thiab cov nplej;
• txhob txwm tshem tawm cawv thiab qee hom nqaij (nqaij npuas, falcon thiab nqaij swan) los ntawm kev noj zaub mov, uas yog vim kev ntseeg ib txwm muaj. Lub ntsiab lus yog tias Tatars yog cov neeg Muslim feem ntau;
• hlub rau kua zaub kub - kua zaub, kua zaub;
• qhov ua tau ntawm kev ua zaub mov hauv teb chaws hauv cov cauldron lossis cauldron, uas yog vim txoj kev ntawm lub neej ntawm tag nrho cov neeg, vim hais tias tau ntev nws tseem nyob rau nomadic;
• ntau cov zaub mov txawv rau ci thawj cov qauv nrog txhua hom kev sau, uas yog kev coj noj coj ua nrog ntau hom tshuaj yej;
• nqhuab siv nceb vim yog keeb kwm dhau los. Txoj kev rau siab rau lawv tau pom tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo tas los no, feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem hauv nroog;

Txoj kev ua noj yooj yim:

Tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Tatar ua noj yog ntau hom zaub mov qab thiab zoo nkauj. Ntau tus ntawm lawv muaj keeb kwm muaj koob meej thiab lawv tus kheej li keeb kwm. Yog li, dog dig millet porridge yog ib zaug ua noj cov khoom noj. Thiab txawm hais tias lub sijhawm tsis sawv ntsug thiab txhua yam hloov pauv, daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov neeg nyiam khoom noj khoom haus Tatar thiab delicacies uas ob tus Tatars lawv tus kheej thiab lawv cov qhua tseem hlub tsis hloov. Feeb ntau nws muaj xws li:

Ua Ncuav Quav. Ib yam li peb, cov Tatars tau tsoo lawv tawm ntawm lub khob noom cookie tsis xyaw, txawm li cas los xij, lawv siv ob qho nqaij me thiab nqaij ua zaub, thiab lawv ntxiv cov nplej hemp rau lawv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, dumplings npaj rau cov hnub so lossis rau cov qhua tseem ceeb.

Belish yog lub ncuav qab zib qhib nrog nqaij os, mov thiab dos.

Shurpa yog kua Tatar, uas qhov tseeb, nws zoo ib yam zaub nrog cov nqaij, mij thiab zaub.

Azu yog nqaij nqaij nrog zaub.

Eles yog cov ncuav qab zib puag ncig nrog cov nqaij qaib, qos yaj ywm thiab dos.

Tatar pilaf - npaj los ntawm nqaij nyug lossis nqaij yaj hauv ib lub cauldron sib sib zog nqus nrog cov tsiaj rog thiab zaub ntau. Qee zaum txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau nws, uas muab nws qab zib.

Tutyrma yog cov hnyuv ntxwm hauv tsev uas ua los ntawm offal nrog cov txuj lom.

Chak-chak yog cov zib ua khob noom qab zib kho tau ua rau muaj koob npe nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Rau cov neeg hauv ib cheeb tsam, nws yog kev ua tshoob uas nkauj nyab coj mus rau nraug vauv tsev.

Chebureks yog kib ncuav pies nrog nqaij, uas kuj dhau los ua lub teb chaws tais ntawm Mongolian thiab Turkic haiv neeg.

Echpochmaki - daim duab peb sab pies stuffed nrog qos yaj ywm thiab nqaij.

Koimak - poov ua khob noom cookie pancakes uas tau siav hauv qhov cub.

Tunterma yog omelet ua nrog hmoov los yog semolina.

Gubadiya yog lub ncuav qab zib puag ncig uas muaj ntau txheej puv ntawm tsev cheese, mov thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav.

Ayran yog haus dej haus hauv lub teb chaws, uas yog, qhov tseeb, lub kua katyk diluted (fermented mis rau khoom).