Teratospermia (lossis teratozoospermia) yog cov phev txawv txav tshwj xeeb los ntawm spermatozoa nrog qhov tsis xws luag. Raws li qhov kev deformities no, lub zog fertilizing ntawm cov phev tau xiam oob khab, thiab ob niam txiv yuav muaj teeb meem xeeb tub.

Teratospermia yog phev txawv txav tshwj xeeb los ntawm phev nrog qhov tsis xws luag. Cov kev txawv txav no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm phev:

• lub taub hau, uas muaj cov nucleus nqa 23 leej txiv chromosomes;
• lub acrosome, daim nyias nyias me me nyob rau ntawm lub hauv ntej ntawm lub taub hau uas, thaum lub sijhawm fertilization, yuav tso cov enzymes uas yuav tso cai rau cov phev hla lub pellucid cheeb tsam ntawm oocyte;
• lub flagellum, qhov "tw" uas tso cai rau nws txav tau thiab yog li ntawd txav mus los ntawm qhov chaw mos mus rau lub tsev menyuam thiab tom qab ntawd lub raj, rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntsib nrog oocyte;
• qhov nruab nrab ntawm tus chij thiab lub taub hau.

Feem ntau, qhov tsis sib xws yog polymorphic: lawv tuaj yeem ua ntau yam, qhov loj me lossis cov duab, cuam tshuam rau ob lub taub hau thiab cov flagellum, sib txawv ntawm ib tus phev mus rau lwm tus. Nws tuaj yeem yog globozoospermia (tsis muaj acrosome), ob chav flagellum lossis ob lub taub hau, coiled flagellum, thiab lwm yam.

Tag nrho cov kev tsis sib xws no muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub zog fertilizing ntawm cov phev, thiab yog li ntawd ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntawm txiv neej. Qhov cuam tshuam yuav ntau dua lossis tsawg dua qhov tseem ceeb nyob ntawm qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov phev ib txwm nyob. Teratospermia tuaj yeem txo qhov muaj feem ntawm kev xeeb tub, thiab txawm tias ua rau txiv neej tsis muaj zog yog tias nws mob hnyav.

Feem ntau, teratospermia cuam tshuam nrog lwm qhov kev ua phev tsis xws luag: oligospermia (tus naj npawb tsis txaus ntawm spermatozoa-, asthenospermia (tsis zoo hauv phev txav mus los. Qhov no hu ua oligo-astheno-teraozoospermia (OATS)).

Zoo li txhua qhov phev txawv txav, qhov ua rau tuaj yeem yog hormonal, kis tau, lom, lossis siv tshuaj. Lub morphology ntawm spermatozoa yog qhov tseeb thawj qhov ntsuas uas yuav raug hloov pauv los ntawm lwm yam (raug rau cov co toxins, kis kab mob, thiab lwm yam). Ntau thiab ntau tus kws tshaj lij xav tias huab cua thiab zaub mov muaj kuab paug (ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab tshwj xeeb) muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev hloov pauv ntawm spermatozoa.

Tab sis qee zaum, tsis muaj laj thawj pom.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm teratospermia yog teeb meem xeeb tub. Qhov tseeb tias cov phev tsis zoo tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, tab sis tsuas yog muaj feem yuav xeeb tub.

Teratospermia tau kuaj pom siv spermogram, ib qho ntawm thawj qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ua tiav hauv cov txiv neej thaum ntsuas kev xeeb tub. Nws tso cai rau kev kawm tau zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov phev ua tsaug rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kev ntsuas sib txawv ntawm cov roj ntsha:

• qhov ntim ntawm ejaculate;
• cov pH;
• phev concentration;
• phev txav chaw;
• phev morphology;
• phev loj hlob.

Ib feem hais txog phev morphology yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm spermogram. Hauv qhov kev xeem hu ua spermocytogram, 200 phev tau tsau thiab tsuas yog pleev rau ntawm cov nplais smear. Tom qab ntawd tus kws tshuaj lom neeg keeb kwm yuav kawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phev hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav txhawm rau txhawm rau ntsuas qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov phev zoo li qub.

Hom morphological txawv txav kuj tseem raug coj los txiav txim kwv yees qhov cuam tshuam ntawm teratospermia ntawm kev muaj menyuam. Muaj ntau hom kev faib tawm:

• kev cais cais David hloov los ntawm Auger thiab Eustache, tseem siv los ntawm qee lub chaw kuaj mob Fab Kis;
• Kruger kev faib tawm, WHO kev faib tawm thoob ntiaj teb, yog siv dav tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Ua tiav siv lub tshuab tsis siv neeg, qhov kev faib tawm "hnyav" ntau dua no suav tias yog spermatozoa atypical spermatozoon uas sib txawv, txawm tias tsawg heev, los ntawm daim ntawv suav tias yog ib txwm muaj.

Yog tias qhov sib faib ntawm cov phev tsim tau zoo yog tsawg dua 4% raws li WHO kev faib tawm, lossis 15% raws li kev hloov kho David kev faib tawm, teratospermia xav tsis thoob. Tab sis raws li rau ib qho spermatic abnormality, ib tug thib ob los yog ib tug thib peb spermogram yuav tsum tau nqa tawm 3 lub hlis sib nrug (lub sij hawm ntawm ib tug spermatogenesis voj voog yog 74 hnub) thiaj li yuav ua rau ib tug ruaj khov kev kuaj mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog raws li ntau yam muaj feem xyuam rau cov phev morphology ( lub sij hawm ntev abstinence, noj cov cannabis tsis tu ncua, kub taub hau, thiab lwm yam).

Kev xeem tsiv chaw nyob (TMS) feem ntau ua tiav qhov kev kuaj mob. Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tshuaj xyuas tus naj npawb ntawm spermatozoa muaj peev xwm xaus rau hauv lub tsev menyuam thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm fertilizing oocyte.

Kev coj noj coj ua phev feem ntau ua ke nrog spermogram txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj pom tus kab mob uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv spermatogenesis thiab ua rau lub cev tsis zoo ntawm cov phev.

Yog pom muaj tus kab mob thaum lub sij hawm phev kab lis kev cai, yuav tau kho tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog tias raug qee yam tshuaj lom (haus luam yeeb, tshuaj, cawv, tshuaj) xav tias yog qhov ua rau teratospermia, tshem tawm cov co toxins yuav yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tswj hwm.

Tab sis qee zaum tsis muaj laj thawj pom thiab siv ART yuav muab rau ob niam txiv. Feem pua ​​ntawm spermatozoon ntawm daim ntawv ib txwm yog qhov ntsuas tau zoo ntawm lub peev txheej ua kom muaj peev xwm ntawm spermatozoon, nws yog ib feem ntawm kev txiav txim siab, nrog rau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw-muaj sia nyob kev xeem, hauv kev xaiv cov txheej txheem ntawm ART: kev tso ntshav tawm. uterine (IUI), hauv vitro fertilization (IVF) lossis hauv vitro fertilization nrog txhaj tshuaj intracytoplasmic (IVF-ICSI).