Tus me nyuam txoj kev loj hlob qeeb hauv utero

Kev loj hlob retardation hauv utero yog dab tsi?

«Kuv fetus me dhau lawm: puas yog stunted?» Ceev faj tsis txhob ua rau tus me nyuam me me me dua qhov nruab nrab (tab sis qhov twg ua tau zoo kawg nkaus) thiab kev loj hlob tiag tiag stunted. Stunted kev loj hlob yog qhia thaum tus menyuam nyeem ntawv qis dua 10 feem pua. Thaum yug, qhov no ua rau a tsis txaus tus me nyuam qhov hnyav piv rau cov nkhaus siv. tus intrauterine kev loj hlob retardation (RCIU) yog los ntawm a teeb meem cev xeeb tub uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis txaus fetus rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm cev xeeb tub. Kev loj hlob nkhaus thaum cev xeeb tub yog qhia hauv "feem pua".

Yuav tshuaj xyuas li cas rau kev loj hlob ntawm fetal retardation?

Nws feem ntau yog qhov siab me me rau lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub uas ceeb toom tus kws yug menyuam lossis tus kws kho mob, thiab ua rau lawv thov kom muaj ultrasound. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntau qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub tsev menyuam qeeb (txawm li cas los xij, yuav luag ib feem peb ntawm IUGRs tsis pom txog thaum yug los). Tus menyuam lub taub hau, plab thiab femur raug ntsuas thiab muab piv rau cov ntaub ntawv nkhaus. Thaum qhov ntsuas nyob nruab nrab ntawm 10th thiab 3rd feem pua, qhov ncua sij hawm tau hais tias yog nruab nrab. Hauv qab 3rd, nws hnyav heev.

Kev kuaj ultrasound txuas ntxiv nrog kev kawm ntawm cov placenta thiab cov kua amniotic. Kev txo qis hauv cov kua dej yog qhov hnyav heev uas qhia tias muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm fetus. Tom qab ntawd tus me nyuam lub morphology yog kawm los nrhiav cov fetal malformations ua rau muaj teeb meem loj hlob. Txhawm rau tswj kev sib pauv ntawm leej niam thiab tus menyuam, tus menyuam hauv plab doppler tau ua.

Puas muaj ntau hom stunting?

Muaj ob hom kev ncua. Hauv 20% ntawm cov neeg mob, nws tau hais tias yog kev sib haum xeeb lossis sib luag thiab muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog txhua yam kev loj hlob (lub taub hau, plab thiab femur). Hom kev ncua no pib ntxov thaum cev xeeb tub thiab feem ntau ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog caj ces txawv txav.

Hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob, kev loj hlob retardation tshwm tuaj lig, nyob rau hauv lub 3rd trimester ntawm cev xeeb tub, thiab cuam tshuam tsuas yog lub plab mog. Qhov no yog hu ua dysharmonious kev loj hlob retardation. Qhov kev kwv yees tau zoo dua, txij li 50% ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau txais lawv qhov hnyav hauv ib xyoos ntawm kev yug.

Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau kev loj hlob qeeb hauv utero?

Lawv muaj ntau yam thiab tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam mechanisms. Kev sib haum xeeb IUGR feem ntau yog los ntawm caj ces (chromosomal abnormalities), kis kab mob (rubella, cytomegalovirus lossis toxoplasmosis), tshuaj lom (cawv, luam yeeb, tshuaj) lossis tshuaj (antiepileptic).

Lub npe RCIUs tsis sib haum xeeb feem ntau yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm placental lesions uas ua rau txo qis hauv kev sib pauv khoom noj khoom haus thiab oxygen, qhov tseem ceeb rau tus me nyuam hauv plab. Raws li tus me nyuam tsis zoo "nourished", nws tsis loj hlob thiab poob phaus. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv preeclampsia, tab sis kuj yog thaum leej niam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tej yam kab mob: mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, lupus los yog raum kab mob. Ntau lub cev xeeb tub los yog qhov txawv txav ntawm cov placenta lossis qaum kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob stunted. Thaum kawg, yog tias leej niam tsis muaj zaub mov noj lossis raug mob los ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib hnyav, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, rau 30% ntawm IUGRs, tsis muaj qhov ua rau raug txheeb xyuas.

RCIU: Puas muaj cov poj niam muaj kev pheej hmoo?

Qee yam tseem ceeb ua rau muaj kev loj hlob stunted: qhov tseeb tias leej niam-rau-feem cev xeeb tub thawj zaug, uas nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lub tsev menyuam los yog me me (<1,50 m). Hnub nyoog kuj tseem ceeb, txij li RCIU yog ntau zaus ua ntej 20 xyoo lossis tom qab 40 xyoo. Kev txom nyem kev lag luam kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo. Thaum kawg, kab mob leej niam (xws li kab mob plawv, piv txwv), nrog rau kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus lossis keeb kwm ntawm IUGR tuaj yeem ua rau nws tshwm sim.

Stunted loj hlob: dab tsi tshwm sim rau tus menyuam?

Qhov cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam nyob ntawm qhov ua rau, qhov hnyav thiab hnub pib ntawm kev loj hlob qeeb thaum cev xeeb tub. Nws yog qhov hnyav dua thaum yug ntxov ntxov. Ntawm cov teeb meem feem ntau yog: Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob lom, tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, kev tswj tsis zoo ntawm lub cev kub (cov me nyuam sov so tsis zoo) thiab qhov txawv txav ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Kev tuag kuj tseem siab dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tsis muaj oxygen lossis muaj kab mob hnyav lossis deformities. Yog tias feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntes tau lawv txoj kev loj hlob qeeb, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov qis qis mus tas li yog xya npaug siab dua hauv cov menyuam yug los nrog kev loj hlob ntawm lub tsev menyuam.

Yuav kho stunting li cas?

Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj kev kho rau IUGR. Thawj qhov kev ntsuas yuav yog muab tus niam so, pw ntawm nws sab laug, thiab hauv cov ntaub ntawv hnyav nrog qhov pib ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab, kom xa tus menyuam ntxov.

Kev ceev faj dab tsi rau kev xeeb tub yav tom ntej?

Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov tshwm sim ntawm IUGR yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 20%. Kom zam tau, muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv rau leej niam. Ultrasound saib xyuas tus me nyuam txoj kev loj hlob los yog kev kuaj ntshav siab yuav ntxiv dag zog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj lom IUGR, leej niam raug pom zoo kom tsis txhob haus luam yeeb, cawv lossis tshuaj yeeb. Yog tias qhov laj thawj yog khoom noj khoom haus, kev noj zaub mov thiab cov vitamins ntxiv yuav raug sau tseg. Kev sab laj txog caj ces kuj tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm chromosomal abnormality. Tom qab yug me nyuam, leej niam yuav tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rubella yog tias nws tsis tiv thaiv kab mob, npaj rau kev xeeb tub tshiab.

Koj puas xav tham txog nws ntawm niam txiv? Yuav muab koj lub tswv yim, coj koj cov lus tim khawv? Peb ntsib ntawm https://forum.parents.fr.