txheem
Trends saib yog vim li cas peb nyiam txhim kho peb cov duab hauv social media thaum raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm digital "makeup"
"Kev txhim kho" cov duab sab nraud pib thaum lub sijhawm thawj tus neeg saib hauv daim iav. Bandaging taw, blackening hniav, staining daim di ncauj nrog mercury, siv hmoov nrog arsenic - eras tau hloov, raws li zoo raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev zoo nkauj, thiab cov neeg tau tuaj nrog tshiab txoj kev los qhia txog attractiveness. Niaj hnub no, koj yuav tsis surprise leej twg nrog pleev, pob taws, nws tus kheej tanning, compression ris tsho hauv qab los yog ib tug push-up bra. Nrog kev pab los ntawm sab nraud txhais tau tias, tib neeg kis lawv txoj hauj lwm, lawv lub ntiaj teb sab hauv, mus ob peb vas los yog lub xeev mus rau sab nraud.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws los txog rau cov duab, cov neeg saib tau npaj los nrhiav cov cim ntawm Photoshop txhawm rau nthuav tawm cov neeg siv tam sim ntawd. Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm bruises nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag, smeared nrog ib tug make-up artist tus txhuam, thiab cov erased los ntawm ib tug ntse neural network? Thiab yog tias koj saib ntau dua, kev siv cov retouching cuam tshuam li cas rau peb tus cwj pwm rau peb tus kheej thiab cov tsos ntawm lwm tus?
Photoshop: Pib
Kev yees duab tau dhau los ua tus neeg ua tiav ntawm kev pleev xim, thiab yog li ntawm thawj theem tau theej cov qauv ntawm kev tsim cov duab: feem ntau tus kws yees duab ntxiv cov yam ntxwv tsim nyog hauv daim duab thiab tshem tawm qhov dhau. Qhov no yog ib txwm xyaum, vim hais tias cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas pleev xim portraits los ntawm xwm kuj catered rau lawv cov qauv nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Txo lub qhov ntswg, nqaim lub duav, smoothing tawm wrinkles - qhov kev thov ntawm cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe xyaum tsis tau tso peb lub sijhawm los nrhiav seb cov neeg no zoo li cas ntau pua xyoo dhau los. Ib yam li hauv kev yees duab, kev cuam tshuam tsis tas yuav txhim kho qhov tshwm sim.
Nyob rau hauv cov duab studios, uas tau pib qhib nyob rau hauv ntau lub nroog nrog rau thaum pib ntawm lub loj zus tau tej cov koob yees duab, nrog rau cov kws yees duab, kuj muaj retouchers rau cov neeg ua hauj lwm. Tus kws yees duab theorist thiab tus kws kos duab Franz Fiedler tau sau tias: “Cov duab studios uas mob siab rau kev kho dua tshiab tau nyiam dua. Wrinkles ntawm lub ntsej muag tau smeared; ntsej muag freckled tag nrho "ntxuav" los ntawm retouching; cov niam pog tau hloov mus ua cov ntxhais hluas; cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug neeg raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Lub npog ntsej muag khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Cov saj tsis zoo paub tsis muaj kev cia siab, thiab nws txoj kev lag luam vam meej.
Nws zoo nkaus li qhov teeb meem uas Fiedler tau sau txog 150 xyoo dhau los tsis tau poob nws qhov tseeb txawm tias tam sim no.
Diam duab retouching yeej ib txwm muaj raws li cov txheej txheem tsim nyog ntawm kev npaj cov duab rau luam ntawv. Nws yog thiab tseem yog qhov tsim nyog tsim khoom, yam tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm yog tsis yooj yim sua. Nrog kev pab ntawm retouching, piv txwv li, lawv tsis tsuas yog smoothed lub ntsej muag ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub tog, tab sis kuj tshem tawm cov neeg uas tsis pom zoo nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm los yog lwm yam ntawm cov duab. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias ua ntej, ua ntej kev tshaj lij thev naus laus zis hauv kev txhim kho kev sib txuas lus, tsis yog txhua tus paub txog kev kho cov duab, tom qab ntawd nrog kev txhim kho hauv Is Taws Nem, txhua tus tau txais lub sijhawm los "ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tus kheej".
Photoshop 1990 tau tso tawm hauv 1.0. Thaum xub thawj, nws tau ua haujlwm rau kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam luam ntawv. Xyoo 1993, qhov kev zov me nyuam tuaj rau Windows, thiab Photoshop tau mus rau hauv kev ncig, muab cov neeg siv yav dhau los tsis xav txog kev xaiv. Tshaj li 30 xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, qhov kev zov me nyuam tau hloov pauv peb txoj kev xav ntawm tib neeg lub cev, vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov duab uas peb pom tam sim no yog retouched. Txoj kev mus rau kev hlub tus kheej tau nyuaj dua. "Muaj ntau lub siab xav thiab txawm tias kev puas siab puas ntsws yog nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov duab ntawm tus kheej tiag tiag thiab tus kheej zoo. Tus kheej tiag tiag yog li cas tus neeg pom nws tus kheej. Lub hom phiaj ntawm tus kheej yog qhov nws xav ua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob daim duab no ntau dua, qhov tsis txaus siab rau tus kheej ntau dua, "hais txog Daria Averkova, kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm CBT Clinic, hais txog qhov teeb meem.
Zoo li ntawm cover
Tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm Photoshop, aggressive photo retouching pib nce lub zog. Cov qauv yog thawj zaug khaws los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm glossy, uas tau pib hloov kho lub cev zoo tag nrho ntawm cov qauv, tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm kev zoo nkauj. Kev muaj tiag pib hloov pauv, tib neeg lub qhov muag tau siv rau canonical 90-60-90.
Thawj qhov kev txaj muag ntsig txog kev dag ntxias ntawm cov duab ci ntsa iab tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 2003. Titanic lub hnub qub Kate Winslet tau tshaj tawm liam GQ ntawm kev rov ua nws daim duab npog. Tus actress, uas nquag txhawb kev zoo nkauj ntawm ntuj tsim, tau nqaim heev ntawm nws lub duav thiab lengthened nws ob txhais ceg kom nws tsis zoo li nws tus kheej. Timid nqe lus "rau" naturalness tau ua los ntawm lwm yam kev tshaj tawm. Piv txwv li, xyoo 2009, Fabkis Elle tso cov duab nyoos ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam Monica Bellucci thiab Eva Herzigova rau ntawm daim npog, uas, ntxiv rau, tsis hnav pleev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua siab loj tso tseg cov duab zoo tagnrho tsis txaus rau txhua qhov kev tshaj tawm. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev tshaj lij ntawm retouchers, txawm tias lawv tus kheej cov txheeb cais ntawm qhov feem ntau hloov kho lub cev tau tshwm sim: lawv yog lub qhov muag thiab lub hauv siab.
Tam sim no "clumsy photoshop" yog suav tias yog daim ntawv phem hauv gloss. Ntau qhov kev tshaj tawm kev tshaj tawm tau tsim tsis yog los ntawm impeccability, tab sis ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Txog tam sim no, cov kev tshaj tawm zoo li no ua rau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm cov neeg nyeem, tab sis twb muaj cov kev hloov pauv zoo ntawm naturalness, uas tau dhau los ua qauv. Xws li nyob rau theem kev cai lij choj - hauv 2017, Fabkis xov xwm tau yuam kom kos "retouched" ntawm cov duab siv Photoshop.
Retouching ntawm xib teg
Tsis ntev, kev yees duab retouching, uas tsis yog npau suav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv xyoo 2011, tau los ua rau txhua tus tswv smartphone. Snapchat tau tsim tawm hauv 2013, FaceTune hauv 2016, thiab FaceTune2 hauv 2016. Lawv cov neeg sib tw ua dej nyab hauv App Store thiab Google Play. Hauv XNUMX, Cov Dab Neeg tau tshwm sim ntawm Instagram platform (muaj los ntawm Meta - lees paub tias yog cov neeg phem thiab txwv tsis pub nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws), thiab peb xyoos tom qab cov neeg tsim khoom ntxiv lub peev xwm los siv cov ntxaij lim dej thiab lub ntsej muag rau daim duab. Cov xwm txheej no tau cim qhov pib ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev yees duab thiab yees duab retouching hauv ib nias.
Tag nrho cov no ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm tib neeg lub ntsej muag, qhov pib uas suav tias yog xyoo 1950 - lub sijhawm yug ntawm glossy journalism. Ua tsaug rau Is Taws Nem, cov cim ntawm kev zoo nkauj tau dhau los ua thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li kev zoo nkauj keeb kwm Rachel Weingarten, ua ntej cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau haiv neeg ua npau suav ntawm tsis yog tib yam: Asians aspired rau cov tawv nqaij dawb-dawb, Africans thiab Latinos tau txaus siab rau lub duav lush, thiab cov neeg European xav tias nws muaj hmoo kom muaj lub qhov muag loj. Tam sim no cov duab ntawm ib tug poj niam zoo tagnrho tau dhau los ua qhov dav dav uas cov tswv yim stereotyped txog qhov tsos tau muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv thov. Cov pob muag tuab, daim di ncauj, lub ntsej muag zoo li miv, lub puab tsaig siab, lub qhov ntswg me, sculpting pleev nrog cov xub - rau tag nrho lawv cov ntau yam kev siv, lim thiab qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog tsom rau ib yam - tsim ib daim duab cyborg.
Kev ntshaw rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws no dhau los ua ib qho kev cuam tshuam rau ntau yam teeb meem ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub cev. "Nws yuav zoo li tias kev siv cov ntxaij lim dej thiab lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yuav tsum tsuas yog ua si rau hauv peb txhais tes: koj tau rov ua dua koj tus kheej, thiab tam sim no koj tus cwj pwm digital ntawm kev sib raug zoo tau ze dua rau koj tus kheej zoo. Muaj tsawg thov rau koj tus kheej, tsis tshua muaj kev ntxhov siab - nws ua haujlwm! Tab sis qhov teeb meem yog tias tib neeg tsis tsuas yog lub virtual xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub neej tiag tiag, "hais tias tus kws kho mob puas siab ntsws Daria Averkova.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias Instagram los ntawm kev sib raug zoo siab tshaj plaws tau maj mam tig mus rau hauv ib qho tshuaj lom heev, tshaj tawm lub neej zoo tshaj plaws uas tsis muaj tiag. Rau ntau tus, lub app pub tsis zoo li ib daim duab ntxim hlub album, tab sis kev ua yeeb yam hnyav ntawm kev ua tiav, suav nrog hauv kev nthuav qhia tus kheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib raug zoo tau nce qhov nyiam saib lawv qhov zoo li qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv: nws hloov tawm tias yog tias tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem saib zoo tag nrho, nws raug liam tias ploj ntawm nyiaj thiab lub sijhawm.
Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias kev sib tham tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm ntau tus neeg, muaj ntau tus neeg txhawb nqa ntawm txhob txwm "txhim kho" tus kheej nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej. Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab kho cov apps yog lwm txoj hauv kev phais yas thiab cosmetology, yam tsis muaj qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav Instagram Face, zoo li lub hnub qub ntawm lub social network Kim Kardashian lossis tus qauv sab saum toj Bella Hadid. Tias yog vim li cas Is Taws Nem tau npau taws heev los ntawm cov xov xwm uas Instagram yuav tshem lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg uas cuam tshuam qhov feem ntawm lub ntsej muag los ntawm kev siv, thiab xav kos tag nrho cov duab retouched hauv pub nrog lub cim tshwj xeeb thiab txawm zais lawv.
Kev zoo nkauj lim los ntawm lub neej ntawd
Nws yog ib yam thaum qhov kev txiav txim siab los kho koj tus kheej yog tsim los ntawm tus neeg nws tus kheej, thiab lwm yam thaum nws ua tiav los ntawm lub xov tooj smartphone nrog cov duab retouching muaj nuj nqi ntsia los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Hauv qee cov khoom siv, nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, tsuas yog me ntsis "mute". Cov lus tau tshwm sim hauv xov xwm nrog cov xov xwm "Samsung xav tias koj yog dab tuag", uas lub tuam txhab teb tias qhov no tsuas yog kev xaiv tshiab.
Hauv Asia thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb, nqa cov duab duab rau qhov zoo tagnrho yog qhov muaj tiag. Lub smoothness ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov loj ntawm lub qhov muag, plumpness ntawm daim di ncauj, nkhaus ntawm lub duav - tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem hloov kho siv daim ntawv thov sliders. Cov ntxhais kuj tau mus rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws phais yas, uas ua rau lawv zoo li "tsawg Asian", ze rau cov qauv ntawm European kev zoo nkauj. Piv nrog rau qhov no, txhoj puab heev retouching yog ib yam ntawm lub teeb version ntawm twj koj tus kheej. Attractiveness tseem ceeb txawm tias thaum kos npe rau kev sib tham app. Cov kev pabcuam Kaus Lim Qab Teb Amanda "hla" tus neeg siv tsuas yog tias nws qhov profile tau pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg uas twb tau zaum hauv daim ntawv thov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, lub neej ntawd retouching xaiv yog pom raws li ib tug ntau ntawm boon tshaj ib tug ntxeem tau ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug.
Qhov teeb meem nrog cov ntxaij lim dej, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, thiab retouching apps tej zaum yuav yog tias lawv ua rau tib neeg zoo nkauj sib npaug los ntawm kev haum rau tib neeg zoo li tus qauv. Kev xav ua kom txaus siab rau txhua tus ua rau poob ntawm tus kheej ntawm tus kheej, teeb meem kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev tsis lees paub ntawm ib tus neeg zoo li. Instagram Lub ntsej muag tau teeb tsa ntawm lub pedestal ntawm kev zoo nkauj, tsis suav nrog qhov tsis sib xws hauv daim duab. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tsis ntev los no lub ntiaj teb no tau tig mus rau naturalness, qhov no tseem tsis yog ib tug yeej ntawm tshuaj lom retouching, vim hais tias "natural kev zoo nkauj", uas implies freshness thiab hluas, kuj tseem nyob rau hauv tib neeg tsim, thiab "tsim tsis pleev" tsis. tawm ntawm kev zam.