Autism yog ib pawg ntawm pervasive developmental ntshawv siab (TED), uas tshwm sim thaum yau, feem ntau ua ntej hnub nyoog 3 xyoos. Txawm hais tias cov tsos mob thiab qhov hnyav sib txawv, tag nrho cov kab mob no cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm ntawm tus menyuam lossis cov neeg laus. sib txuas lus thiab cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus.

Feem ntau TEDs yog:

• tsi txawj has lug
• Asperger's mob
• Rett lub syndrome
• Unspecified TEDs (TED-NS)
• Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm menyuam yaus

Ua rau autism

Autism tau hais tias yog ib qho kev loj hlob tsis zoo uas nws tseem tsis paub tseeb. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo tias ntau yam yog nyob ntawm keeb kwm ntawm PDDs, suav nrog caj ces yam et ib puag ncig, cuam tshuam lub hlwb kev loj hlob ua ntej thiab tom qab yug me nyuam.

Muaj ntau Genoa yuav muaj feem xyuam rau qhov pib ntawm autism nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam. Cov no tau xav tias ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev loj hlob ntawm fetal hlwb. Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm caj ces yuav ua rau tus me nyuam muaj feem yuav muaj autism lossis PDD.

Environmental yam, xws li raug rau lom tshuaj lom ua ntej los yog tom qab yug me nyuam, muaj teeb meem thaum yug me nyuam los yog muaj kab mob ua ntej yug los kuj muaj feem xyuam nrog. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kawm lossis kev coj cwj pwm ntawm niam txiv rau tus menyuam yog lub luag haujlwm rau autism.

Xyoo 1998, kawm Askiv¹ suav tias yog kev sib txuas ntawm kev puas hlwb thiab raug rau qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv qhua pias, rubella thiab mumps (MMR hauv Fabkis, MMR hauv Quebec). Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tom qab tau pom tias tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab autism² Tus kws sau ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tam sim no raug liam ntawm kev dag ntxias. (Saib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Health Passport lub vev xaib: Autism thiab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv: keeb kwm ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb)

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb

Ntau tus menyuam uas muaj autism kuj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lwm yam kab mob neurological6, xws li:

• Epilepsy (muaj feem cuam tshuam txog 20 mus rau 25% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism18)
• Kev puas hlwb (xws li cuam tshuam txog li 30% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj PDD19).
• Bourneville tuberous sclerosis (txog 3,8% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism20).
• Fragile X syndrome (txog 8,1% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev puas hlwb20).

Qee zaum cov neeg muaj autism muaj:

• Teeb meem ntawm pw tsaug zog (pw tsaug zog lossis pw tsaug zog).
• Teeb meem plab hnyuv los yog ua xua.
• cov kev pab cuam crises convulsives uas pib thaum yau los yog hluas. Cov qaug dab peg no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis nco qab, convulsions, uas yog, tswj tsis tau ntawm tag nrho lub cev lossis kev txav txawv txav.
• Psychiatric mob xws lintxhov siab vim (tam sim no heev thiab muaj feem xyuam rau qhov nyuaj rau kev hloov pauv, txawm tias zoo lossis tsis zoo), phobias thiab kev nyuaj siab.
• cov kev pab cuam kev paub tsis meej (kev saib tsis taus, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, kev tsis nco qab, thiab lwm yam)

Nyob nrog tus menyuam uas muaj kev puas hlwb muaj kev hloov pauv ntau hauv lub koom haum ntawm tsev neeg lub neej. Cov niam txiv thiab cov kwv tij yuav tsum ntsib qhov kev kuaj mob no thiab ib lub koom haum tshiab ntawm cov Lub neej txhua hnub, uas tsis yog ib txwm yooj yim heev. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem tsim ntau ntau kev nyuaj siab rau tag nrho tsev neeg.

loj heev

Kwv yees li 6 mus rau 7 ntawm 1000 tus neeg muaj PDD hauv cov hnub nyoog qis dua 20, lossis ib ntawm 150 tus menyuam yaus. Autism cuam tshuam rau 2 ntawm 20 tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 1000. Ib feem peb ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj PDD tam sim no nrog cov kws kho mob hlwb. (2009 cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Haute Autorité de Santé - HAS, Fabkis)

Hauv Quebec, PDDs cuam tshuam txog kwv yees li 56 tus menyuam hnub nyoog kawm ntawv ntawm 10, lossis 000 hauv 1 tus menyuam. (178-2007 data, Fédération québécoise de l'Autisme)

Ib ntawm 110 tus menyuam yaus hauv Tebchaws Meskas muaj kev puas hlwb autism spectrum2.

Rau 20 xyoo dhau los, tus naj npawb ntawm cov mob autism tau nce loj heev thiab tam sim no yog ib qho kev tsis taus uas tau lees paub tshaj plaws hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob zoo dua, kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov menyuam yaus nrog PDD, nrog rau kev paub txog cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov pej xeem tau ua rau muaj kev nce qib ntawm PDDs thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

Kev kuaj mob autism

Txawm hais tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob autism feem ntau tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 18 lub hlis, kev kuaj pom tseeb yog qee zaum tsis tuaj yeem mus txog rau hnub nyoog. 3 xyoo, thaum qeeb ntawm kev hais lus, kev loj hlob thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo yog pom tseeb dua. Qhov ua ntej tus me nyuam raug kuaj, qhov sai peb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.

Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas PDD, ntau yam yuav tsum tau ua raws li tus menyuam tus cwj pwm, kev txawj lus thiab kev sib raug zoo. Kev kuaj mob ntawm PDD yog ua tom qab a kev tshawb nrhiav ntau yam. Ntau qhov kev xeem thiab kev xeem yog tsim nyog.

Hauv North America, cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam ib txwm yog Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) luam tawm los ntawm American Psychiatric Association. Hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab lwm qhov hauv ntiaj teb, cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv International Classification of Disease (ICD-10).

Hauv Fab Kis, muaj Autism Resource Centers (ARCs) uas tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm ntau pab pawg kws tshwj xeeb hauv kev kuaj mob autism thiab PDDs.