Cyanosis yog xim xiav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam (xws li ntiv tes lossis lub ntsej muag) lossis cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov kab mob. Qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam thiab suav nrog hauv kev mob plawv tsis zoo, ua pa nyuaj lossis raug mob khaub thuas.

Cyanosis yog xim xiav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous membranes thaum cov ntshav muaj me me ntawm hemoglobin khi rau oxygen. Hauv lwm lo lus, peb hais txog cyanosis thaum cov ntshav capillary muaj tsawg kawg yog 5g ntawm txo hemoglobin (uas yog hais tias tsis kho rau oxygen) ib 100ml.

Nco ntsoov tias hemoglobin yog cov khoom ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (tseem hu ua cov qe ntshav liab) uas nqa oxygen. Nws tus nqi sib txawv ntawm cov txiv neej, poj niam thiab menyuam yaus.

Thaum muaj cov pa oxygen me me hauv cov ntshav, nws yuav siv cov xim liab tsaus. Thiab thaum tag nrho cov hlab ntsha (ntawm tag nrho lub cev los yog ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub cev) nqa cov ntshav oxygenated tsis zoo, ces nws muab cov tawv nqaij xim xim ntawm cyanosis.

Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cyanosis, nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau nws. Piv txwv li, ua tsis taus pa, mob hauv siab, kub taub hau, plawv tsis ua hauj lwm lossis kev qaug zog.

Cyanosis tuaj yeem txwv rau ib feem ntawm lub cev, xws li daim di ncauj, lub ntsej muag, sab (ntiv tes thiab ntiv taw), ob txhais ceg, caj npab ... lossis nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws tag nrho. Peb paub qhov tseeb:

• central cyanosis (los yog generalized cyanosis), uas qhia txog qhov txo qis hauv cov pa oxygenation ntawm cov ntshav hlab ntsha;
• thiab peripheral cyanosis uas yog vim txo cov ntshav khiav. Nws feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv taw.

Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cyanosis yuav tsum ceeb toom thiab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sab laj tus kws kho mob uas tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas thiab muab kev kho mob.

Muaj ntau yam ua rau cyanosis. Cov no suav nrog:

• raug rau txias;
• Raynaud tus kab mob, piv txwv li, kev ncig tsis zoo. Qhov chaw cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev hloov xim dawb thiab txias, qee zaum ua ntej tig xiav;
• ib qho kev cuam tshuam hauv cheeb tsam ntawm kev ncig, xws li thrombosis (xws li muaj cov hlab ntsha - lossis thrombus - uas ua rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab uas cuam tshuam nws);
• pulmonary ntshawv siab, xws li mob ua pa tsis ua hauj lwm, pulmonary embolism, edema nyob rau hauv lub ntsws, hematosis tsis meej (hais txog cov pa pauv uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntsws thiab uas tso cai rau cov ntshav nplua nuj nyob rau hauv carbon dioxide hloov nyob rau hauv oxygen-nplua nuj ntshav);
• myocardial infarction;
• mob plawv;
• congenital lub plawv los yog vascular malformation, qhov no hu ua xiav ntshav kab mob;
• los ntshav hnyav;
• cov ntshav tsis zoo;
• ntshav tsis txaus;
• lom (xws li cyanide);
• los yog qee yam kab mob hematological.

Cyanosis yog cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob. Yog tias cov tsos mob tsis tswj hwm, ntau yam teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim (nyob ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cyanosis thiab nws qhov chaw). Cia peb hais piv txwv:

• polycythemia, uas yog hais txog qhov txawv txav ntawm kev tsim cov qe ntshav liab. Hauv qhov no, feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov qe ntshav liab txheeb ze rau tag nrho cov ntshav ntim yog siab;
• ib tug digital hippocratism, uas yog hais tias ib tug deformation ntawm cov rau tes uas ua bulging (nco ntsoov tias nws yog Hippocrates uas txhais nws thawj zaug);
• los yog txawm tsis xis nyob los yog syncope.

Kev kho mob cyanosis nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau nws. Cia peb hais piv txwv:

• phais (congenital heart defect);
• oxygenation (teeb meem ua pa);
• noj tshuaj, xws li diuretics (lub plawv nres);
• los yog qhov tseeb yooj yim ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws sov (thaum raug mob khaub thuas lossis Raynaud tus kab mob).