Qhov phem tshaj plaws yog tsis mus tom ib lub kua thiab nrhiav ib tug cab, tab sis pom nws ib nrab. Tab sis nws tseem phem dua los noj koj cov zaub mov nyiam, raug tshuaj lom, thiab tom qab ntawd pom tias koj yog ib tus neeg hauv tsev, thiab cov neeg txawv teb chaws uas tsis zoo siab tshaj plaws tab tom tsim lub zes rau hauv koj. Leej twg tuaj yeem tuaj tos thaum noj steak, nyias nyias, lossis tsuas yog so ntawm lub chaw so? Tus kws kho mob Denis Prokofiev hais rau Poj Niam Hnub txog cov neeg txawv tebchaws nyob hauv peb.
Cov kws paub txog Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb tau suab lub tswb - cov zaub mov tsis zoo yog qhov ua rau tuag ntawm kwv yees li ob lab tus tib neeg txhua xyoo.
Cov kab mob pathogenic, kab mob, kab mob muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov ua rau ntau tshaj 200 kab mob. Tsawg kawg yog 56 lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib los yog ntau tshaj cov khoom noj los ntawm flukes, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj cov ntses nyoos, crustaceans lossis zaub uas muaj cov kab mob cab.
Yam khoom twg tuaj yeem ua rau kev tso dag siab phem rau cov neeg siv khoom? Raws li nws muab tawm, yuav luag txhua tus.
Lub tub yees tsis tshua muaj yuav ua yam tsis muaj cov khoom no. Peb ua dab tsi nrog lawv thiab nyob qhov twg peb muab lawv. Thiab qee zaum peb tsis txawm ua cov qe - peb tuav lawv thiab xa lawv mus rau cov khoom qab zib xws li tiramisu lossis tsis ua rau lub hom phiaj.
Thiab nyob rau hauv vain! Nws yog cov nqaij qaib thiab cov qe ntawm cov noog no uas feem ntau kis rau peb cov kab mob Salmonella, uas ua rau muaj mob hnyav thiab tuaj yeem pw hauv txaj rau 2-7 hnub lossis txawm tias nyob hauv tsev kho mob.
Yog tias cov nqaij tsis huv los yog qe tsoo koj lub rooj thiab koj ntxuav lawv tsis zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tsis tiav, yuav muaj teeb meem. Yog, yog, qe yuav tsum tau ntxuav, yog leej twg tsis paub.
Peb smashed ib lub qe, uas nws lub plhaub yog them nrog quav nyab, mus rau hauv ib tug creamy sauce, thiab nyob zoo, salmonella! Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm cov kab mob no tsuas yog ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev nyiam huv thiab kev npaj. Cov kab mob tuag tsuas yog thaum kub heev.
Lawv yog cov phooj ywg ntawm txhua tus ntxhais, thiab tseem lamblia - microscopic protozoa uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem.
Koj tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob giardiasis los ntawm kev noj zaub mov uas muaj kab mob hauv lawv cov kab mob - zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshuaj ntsuab, lossis tsuas yog los ntawm txhais tes qias neeg. Yog li xav txog kaum zaus ua ntej sim ua txiv lws suav hauv khw lossis khaws cov kua hauv lub tiaj ua si.
Ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov, lamblia pib ua kom nquag plias thiab ua rau mob hnyav ntawm cov mucous membrane.
Koj tuaj yeem tsav lawv mus, tab sis koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Thiab tam sim no, ntxuav tag nrho cov zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tes tom qab lawv, thiaj li tsis mus khaws cov lamblia lossis ascaris.
Los ntawm txoj kev, hais txog roundworms, tau paub, lawv yog worms 20-25 centimeters ntev thiab parasitize nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv. Lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub cev tib yam li lawv cov hluas nkauj uas yooj yim tshaj plaws. Tab sis lawv thawj zaug nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv, thiab ces tsiv mus rau lymphatic thiab cov hlab ntsha, siab, plawv, bronchi.
Puas yog koj raug mob txawv txawv hauv koj lub plab, xeev siab, xeev siab, thiab txhua yam khaus? Cov no yog cov tsos mob ntawm intoxication, nws tsim nyog kuaj xyuas ascariasis.
Cov khoom plig nyiam dej yog nplua nuj tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov vitamins, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv fluke worms - flukes.
Thaum xub thawj, tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm qhov kev txom nyem no yog qwj dej tshiab, tom qab ntawd cov ntses dej tshiab los yog crustaceans, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tsiaj uas pub rau lawv, lossis tib neeg.
Koj tuaj yeem tau txais tus neeg xauj tsev los ntawm kev noj nws tus tswv nruab nrab, piv txwv li, tau noj cov ntses nyoos ntawm sushi bar lossis hauv tsev.
Cov suckers txawv heev, tab sis lawv txhua tus sib npaug tsis pab. Qee tus kab mob parasitizes hauv daim siab, ua rau mob, lwm tus nyob hauv lub gallbladder, thiab tseem muaj lwm tus nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsws thiab txawm nyob rau hauv lub hlwb.
Koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob ntsib nrog lawv thiab ua noj cov ntses kom raug - kib thiab ua noj tsawg kawg 30 feeb!
Txawm tias cov nqaij noj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Alas, tab sis ntawm cov nyuj ntxim hlub, bovine tapeworm feem ntau parasitizes - ib tug cab uas nws zoo li txaus ntshai.
Nws tuaj yeem ntev dua 10 meters! Nws suab creepy, tab sis muaj tseeb. Thiab, raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntses, nws yog heev yooj yim mus ntxiv xws li ib tug neeg phem rau koj tus kheej - nws yog txaus noj cov nqaij tsis huv, tsis txaus cua sov-kho, salted los yog jerky.
Ib tug nyuj tapeworm tuaj yeem nyob hauv ib tus neeg tau ntau xyoo, muaj cov xwm txheej thaum tus tswv paub txog "tus qhua" tsuas yog 25 xyoo tom qab. Tias yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum mloog koj lub cev, mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua rau koj tus kheej kev thaj yeeb ntawm lub siab thiab ua noj kom raug!
Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, muaj ib tug txaus ntshai dab neeg - noj nqaij npuas kib nrog liab specks, thiab koj yuav muaj ib tug tapeworm. Zaj dab neeg creepy yog ib feem tseeb.
Pork tapeworm los yog nqaij npuas tapeworm yog ib hom kab mob loj heev uas nyob hauv npua thiab tib neeg.
Kev kis kab mob, zoo li lwm yam mob, tshwm sim thaum noj nqaij nyoos lossis ua tsis ntseeg siab. Qee zaum, cov neeg mob muaj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, mob plab, xeev siab, thiab poob phaus. Tab sis feem ntau tus kab mob yog asymptomatic.
Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai, vim tias kev kis kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hnyav - cysticercosis, thaum cov kab mob cab pib tsiv mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous, qhov muag thiab lub hlwb. Cov ntaub ntawv hnyav tsuas yog kho tau los ntawm kev phais.
Txawm tias hlau thiab iav hub tuaj yeem tau txais kev tawm tsam txaus ntshai - cov kab mob Clostridium botulinum, uas yog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob botulism.
Tus kab mob yog ib hom mob hnyav heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
Yuav ua li cas mus rau pickles? Cov kab mob nyob hauv cov av, thiab dib lossis nceb tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm nws, uas tom qab ntawd dov rau hauv jars. Thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no tsis muaj oxygen, cov kab mob yuav sawv thiab pib tsim cov tshuaj lom. Acid tuaj yeem tua nws. Tab sis ua li cas koj thiaj paub yog tias cov neeg cog qoob loo tau ntxiv vinegar txaus rau cov nceb? Alas, koj yuav tsis paub.
Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai cov kaus poom zaub mov zoo li hluav taws. Botulism tsis tshua muaj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv nws, cov khoom los ntawm cov kaus poom yuav tsum tau muab rhaub thiab tshuaj xyuas kom zoo.
Lub hau poob tawm yooj yim heev, cov brine tsis meej, cov khoom yog npog nrog ib yam dab tsi, nws tsis hnov tsw txawv txawv thaum ua noj? Koj muab pov tseg zoo dua! Thiab yog tias koj tseem noj cov zaub mov uas tsis txaus ntseeg thiab xav tias tsis zoo, hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob.
Los ntawm so koj tuaj yeem nqa tsis tau tsuas yog cov kev xav zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj stowaways. Piv txwv li, ntshav flukes uas ua rau schistosomiasis.
Kab mob tshwm sim imperceptibly. Tus neeg so haujlwm taug kev taug kev hla lub puam lossis ua luam dej hauv tus dej, tom qab ntawd rov qab los tsev thiab pib khaus. Cov tawv nqaij khaus thiab dhau los ua cov kab txaij liab txawv, zoo li cov kab ntsaum. Xav seb leej twg antics nws yog? Cov flukes.
Schistosomiasis yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam kub thiab subtropical. Yuav kom kis tau tus kab mob, nws yog txaus kom plunge mus rau hauv lub chaw nyob ntawm cov cab - taug kev barefoot ntawm cov xuab zeb los yog txias tawm nyob rau hauv lub reservoir qhov twg cov larvae nyob. Flukes imperceptibly khawb rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm ko taw thiab tom qab ntawd khom, tawm hauv txoj kev taug qab lawv. Thiab ua rau ua xua.
Tus kab mob no tsis kaj siab, tab sis kho tau. Thiab kom tsis txhob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm nws, nws yog txaus los tsuas yog hnav khau tshwj xeeb rau lub puam thiab ua luam dej.
Lwm qhov "xav tsis thoob" tuaj yeem coj los ntawm cov tebchaws xws li Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Congo, Indonesia, Tanzania, Myanmar, Is Nrias teb, Nepal, Nigeria thiab Philippines. Lymphatic filariasis, los yog elephantiasis, yog muaj nyob rau ntawd.
Tus kab mob no yog nqa los ntawm yoov tshaj cum twb kis tus kab mob roundworm ntawm tsev neeg Filarioidea. Ib tug yoov tshaj cum mob, thiab cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub lymphatic system, ces cov ceg ceg pib mob, o thiab o, zoo li ob txhais ceg ntawm ib tug ntxhw. Filariasis feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tsis taus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws txom nyem.
Txawm hais tias qhov kev txheeb xyuas phem npaum li cas, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo thiab tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm "neeg txawv tebchaws".
Tus kws kho mob Denis Prokofiev:
"Tag nrho cov kab mob phem no tuaj yeem kho tau zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau theem pib. Muaj ntau yam tshuaj rau qhov no. Tab sis, alas, tsis muaj ib puas feem pua tiv thaiv kab mob parasitic. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kab mob no, cov duab kho mob zoo sib xws tshwm sim: quav quav, mob plab, ua npaws, mem tes, ntuav.
Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev dhau los ua ib lub tsev rau cov neeg nyob sab nraud yog tias koj ua raws li cov cai yooj yim. Txhua yam khoom noj yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo thermally ua tiav, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua kom dhau los ntawm cov khoom qab zib, ntxuav, yuav tsis yog los ntawm tes, tab sis hauv khw. Haus tsuas yog boiled dej, tsis yog los ntawm ib tug dej los yog qhov chaw, mis nyuj tsuas yog pasteurized. Khaws cov khoom noj kom raug: nqaij, ntses, zaub thiab nqaij qaib yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm lub tub yees sib txawv, hauv cov hnab sib txawv. Ua rau tus cwj pwm tsis npaj zaub mov nrog cov khoom noj loj - rau tag nrho lub lim tiam, lawv tuaj yeem ua phem. Yog tias koj cov ntawv qhia zaub mov suav nrog cov khoom xws li mis nyuj, yogurts, qaub cream, yuav hauv cov pob me me kom lawv tsis txhob qhib lub tub yees rau ob peb hnub. Qhib qaub cream yog lub tsev zoo rau cov kab mob. Tsis txhob qhib dab tsi nrog koj cov hniav! Txawm tias daim tawv nqaij ntawm ib tug txiv tsawb yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tshem tawm los ntawm tom rau nws. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Koj puas paub qhov twg no txiv tsawb nteg, leej twg kov nws? Yog tias cov khoom muaj qhov hloov me ntsis ntawm cov xim lossis tsw ntxhiab - xav tias dawb muab pov tseg. “
· Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tsev noj mov koj tau txais cov nqaij los yog nqaij qaib nrog ib tug reddish tint, koj yuav pom liab "kua txiv" - tsis kam noj mov. Nws tsis tau npaj txhij, uas txhais tau tias nws yog qhov txaus ntshai.
· Cov kab mob tsis zoo tsuas yog tua thaum kub kub xwb. Yog hais tias koj ua noj, hais, ntses kua zaub thiab ntxiv cov kaus poom ntses, nws yuav tsum tau boil nyob rau hauv lub broth nrog rau tag nrho cov lwm yam khoom xyaw.
· Nyob rau hauv lub tub yees, cov zaub mov nyoos yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ib sab ntawm cov zaub mov siav.
· Cov riam uas koj siv los txiav nqaij lossis ntses tsis haum rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab qhob cij.
· Yog tias koj tau ntxuav cov nqaij nyoos, nqaij qaib, ntses hauv lub dab dej, lub dab dej thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab lub txee yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.