txheem
Muaj ntau qhov tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho hniav, ib qho yog implantology. Hauv kev kho hniav niaj hnub no, tus kws kho hniav-implantologist yog ib tus kws kho mob feem ntau nrhiav-tom qab, vim tias cov hniav siv hniav nrog lawv cov kev ua tiav tsis zoo txaus. Tus kws kho hniav cog hniav yuav pab kom tag nrho cov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hniav thiab hniav hniav, uas yuav kav ntev heev thiab yuav tsis xav tau kev kho mob.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tshwj xeeb
Kev kho hniav implantology muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los ntau pua xyoo, tab sis cov lus niaj hnub no tau tshwm sim tsuas yog 100 xyoo dhau los. Kev cog qoob loo thiab cog qoob loo txhais tau tias yog cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws rau tib neeg lub cev, uas yog qhia siv cov tswv yim kho mob txhawm rau ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev (hauv kev kho hniav - tus hniav) uas nws xav hloov. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kws kho hniav-implantologist tsuas yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thaum tshem tau thiab kho hniav hniav pib kom tsis txhob loj heev nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev kho mob, hloov lawv nrog niaj hnub implants.
Txhawm rau xyaum kho hniav, tus kws kho hniav yuav tsum, ntxiv rau kev kawm kho mob siab dua ntawm kev kho hniav profile, tau txais kev xyaum ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm "Kev Kho Hniav", nrog rau kev kawm tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho hniav implantology. Thaum sib txuas ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob implantologist nrog kev tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kws kho hniav orthopedic (uas yog ntau heev hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub), tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau txais kev tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kws kho hniav orthopedic.
Yog li, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus kws kho hniav-implantologist suav nrog kev paub thiab kev txawj ua haujlwm nrog kev kho hniav dav dav, thaj chaw phais maxillofacial, kev ua haujlwm orthopedic. Tus kws kho hniav-implantologist yuav tsum muaj kev txawj xaiv thiab tswj cov tshuaj loog uas tsim nyog, muaj peev xwm ua kev phais mob hauv lub puab tsaig, suture qhov txhab, ua haujlwm ntawm cov nqaij mos thiab pob txha.
Kab mob thiab cov tsos mob
Tsis ntev los no, kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws kho hniav cog lus tau siv rau hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, nrog rau kev ua tiav adentia, uas yog, thaum tsis muaj tag nrho cov hniav hauv kev kho hniav, lossis thaum cov hniav hniav tsis tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam laj thawj. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no implantation yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev los hloov cov hniav, nws tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov hniav tag nrho lossis txawm tias tag nrho cov hniav hniav, uas yav tom ntej ntau xyoo yuav tsis ua teeb meem rau nws tus tswv.
Lawv tig mus rau tus kws kho hniav-implantologist txhawm rau kho cov hniav uas ploj lawm hauv txhua qhov ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev cog qoob loo zoo, nws tau los ua kom txuag tau ob qho tib si zom thiab cov hniav pem hauv ntej, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav ob qho tib si ntawm cov hniav uas ploj lawm, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov hniav nrog qhov tsis muaj ntau cov hniav ib zaug. Yog li ntawd, niaj hnub implantation cov tswv yim feem ntau yog ib qho zoo heev lwm txoj rau tshem tau, tsau thiab choj prosthetics ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov hniav.
Raws li txoj cai, tus neeg mob tau teem sijhawm nrog tus kws kho hniav-implantologist los ntawm lwm tus kws kho hniav - kws kho hniav lossis kws kho hniav. Niaj hnub no, kev cog hniav yog siv rau, feem ntau, ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov neeg mob thaum tsis muaj kev noj qab haus huv contraindications, thiab yog tias muaj cov cim qhia txog kev cog hniav, uas yog, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kev txhim kho prosthetic. Kev kho hniav implantation yog ib txoj kev kho mob zoo uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev ntsuam xyuas tag nrho ntawm cov neeg mob thiab lawv cov kev npaj rau cov txheej txheem no.
Ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev cog hniav, uas tom kawg tuaj yeem daws tau tag nrho, peb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov teeb meem hauv qab no, cov tsos mob thiab cov kab mob ntawm kev kho hniav:
- tsis muaj chaw kho hniav nyob qhov twg hauv lub puab tsaig;
- tsis muaj ob peb cov hniav (pab pawg) nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub puab tsaig;
- qhov tsis muaj cov hniav uas nyob ib sab nrog cov uas yuav tsum tau prosthetized, uas yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thaum tus choj qauv tsuas yog tsis muaj dab tsi los txuas rau vim tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa cov hniav nyob ib puag ncig;
- tsis muaj ib pawg ntawm cov hniav nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm ib lub puab tsaig thiab ntawm lub puab tsaig sib txawv (cov hniav tsis zoo);
- ua kom tiav adentia, uas yog, qhov yuav tsum tau hloov cov hniav kom tiav;
- physiological nta ntawm lub cev uas tsis tso cai rau hnav cov hniav uas tshem tau, piv txwv li, ib tug gag reflex thaum muab cov hniav cuav los yog tsis haum rau cov ntaub ntawv uas cov hniav hniav yog tsim;
- physiological atrophy ntawm cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub puab tsaig qis, uas tsis tso cai rau koj kom ruaj ntseg kho thiab hnav ib tug tshem tau prosthesis;
- tus neeg mob tsis kam hnav cov hniav uas tshem tau.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txawm tias thaum muaj cov teeb meem no, tus kws kho mob implantologist tsis tuaj yeem hais kom cog qoob loo, vim tias kev cog qoob loo muaj contraindications loj heev rau kev siv.
Ntawm cov contraindications zoo li no, ntshav qab zib mellitus, ntau yam pathologies ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, broncho-pulmonary thiab cov kab mob plawv nyob rau hauv cov theem mob thiab decompensating, oncological pathologies yog txawv. Kuj tseem muaj contraindications rau hom kev cog qoob loo hauv zos - cov no yog ntau cov kab mob caries, cov kab mob ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj thiab lwm yam cim qhia tias tus neeg mob tuaj yeem kho tau qee lub sijhawm thiab tig mus rau tus kws kho hniav cog lus dua rau kev cog qoob loo.
Kev txais tos thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho hniav-implantologist
Tus kws kho hniav-implantologist nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm nws cov kev xyaum yuav tsum ua ib tug xov tooj ntawm yuav tsum tau cov txheej txheem, thaum kawg ua rau lub installation ntawm tsim nyog implants nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj.
Cov txheej txheem zoo li no thaum kuaj mob muaj xws li:
- kev kuaj hniav thawj zaug;
- kev sab laj nrog lwm tus kws tshaj lij;
- teem caij ntawm ntau yam kev kuaj mob ntawm tus neeg mob;
- cov kev kuaj mob rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov ncauj kab noj hniav;
- tus kheej ua haujlwm ntawm kev xaiv cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov cog;
- zus tau tej cov hom cog thiab nws cov kev taw qhia rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus neeg mob;
- kev kho hniav prosthetics.
Txog rau lub sijhawm thaum tus kws kho mob pib ua haujlwm ncaj qha, tus neeg mob yuav tau mus ntsib nws ob peb zaug. Thaum lub sij hawm npaj, tus kws kho hniav cog zoo yuav sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv nws xav tau rau kev ua hauj lwm ntxiv txog tus neeg mob thiab nws cov keeb kwm kho mob, sau cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas cov contraindications thiab muaj peev xwm kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev cog qoob loo kom raug raws li qhov ua tau.
Thaum kuaj xyuas tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, tus kws kho hniav cog lus xav tau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb, xws li cov ntshav suav tag nrho, kuaj ntshav rau kab mob siab, qab zib, kab mob HIV, panoramic x-ray lossis xam tomography ntawm ib lossis ob lub puab tsaig. tus neeg mob.
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kab mob plawv, tus kws kho hniav yuav xav tau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob lub electrocardiogram, yog tias muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, nws yuav tsum xeem dhau qhov kev kuaj tsis haum rau kev nkag siab ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj loog. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas muaj teeb meem nrog cov hniav los yog cov pos hniav, tus neeg mob tau txais kev huv ntawm lub qhov ncauj kom tsis txhob kis kab mob nkag mus rau hauv qhov qhib qhov txhab thaum cog.
Tus kws kho hniav-implantologist yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus neeg mob txog cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm ntawm kev cog hniav ntawm cov hniav, hom kev cog hniav uas yuav tsum tau cog, lub sij hawm ntawm qhov txhab kho thiab ntxiv prosthetics. Tom qab qhov kev pom zoo zaum kawg nrog tus neeg mob ntawm cov txheej txheem implantation xaiv, tus kws kho mob pib npaj txoj haujlwm.
Thaum lub sijhawm phais ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kws kho hniav-implantologist, ob txoj kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem siv tau - ob-theem implantation thiab ib-theem. Kev txiav txim siab siv ib qho ntawm cov hom kev kawm no tsuas yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob, raws li daim duab ntawm cov kab mob uas nws tuaj yeem soj ntsuam hauv tus neeg mob.
Kev cuam tshuam kev phais nrog cov txheej txheem implantation yog ua nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj loog hauv zos, uas ua kom tiav qhov mob ntawm cov txheej txheem rau tus neeg mob. Ib tus kws kho hniav tshwj xeeb ib tus hniav siv sijhawm li 30 feeb ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Tom qab implantation, ib tug tswj x-ray ntawm qhov chaw implantation yog coj, tom qab uas tus neeg mob tuaj yeem tawm mus rau kev teem caij kho hniav.
Tom qab ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus ntsib tus kws kho hniav cog hniav uas ua qhov kev cog hniav txhawm rau tshem tawm cov sutures thiab rov ua x-ray ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kho mob, nrog rau ob peb lub hlis tom qab cog, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov kab mob. titanium ntsia hlau - cov pos hniav shaper uas muab contours yav tom ntej yas. Thiab, thaum kawg, ntawm qhov thib peb mus ntsib, es tsis txhob ntawm lub shaper, ib tug abutment yog ntsia rau hauv cov pos hniav, uas yuav pab raws li ib tug pab txhawb rau cov hlau-ceramic crown yav tom ntej.
Tom qab 3-6 lub hlis tom qab implantation, tus neeg mob tau muab prosthetics ntawm implanted hniav. Cov theem no, uas tuaj yeem kav ntev li ntawm 1 lub hlis ntawm qhov nruab nrab, suav nrog kev xav ntawm tus neeg mob lub puab tsaig, kev sim tsim cov qauv orthopedic ntawm hom kev pom zoo ua ntej, haum cov pob qij txha thiab haum rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, thiab kev kho zaum kawg ntawm lub cev. qauv nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav.
Lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm kev cog hniav feem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb tus neeg mob ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov mob ntawm qhov ncauj. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua kom tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem saib xyuas txhua yam kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv tus neeg mob thaum lub sijhawm hnav cov qauv.
Cov lus pom zoo rau cov neeg mob
Thaum twg cov hniav raug tshem tawm, kev hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Yog tias ib qho chaw kho hniav raug tshem tawm thiab tsis rov qab los, tom qab ntawd kev ua txhaum ntawm kev kaw lub puab tsaig yuav pib, uas feem ntau ua rau muaj kab mob periodontal yav tom ntej. Kuj tseem muaj qhov hloov ntawm cov hniav nyob rau hauv lub puab tsaig - qee cov hniav mus rau pem hauv ntej (cov hniav nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tshem tawm chav tsev), thiab ib txhia pib siv zog mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav tshem tawm. Yog li, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm cov hniav hauv tib neeg lub qhov ncauj. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom noj tsis tu ncua tau daig ntawm cov hniav, kev loj hlob ntawm caries lossis gingivitis.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov inclination ntawm cov zom cov khoom ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav ua rau muaj ntau dhau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig cov hniav uas tseem tshuav, nrog rau kev txo qis qhov siab thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hniav seem rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub puab tsaig. Qhov no yog fraught nrog rau qhov tseeb hais tias cov hniav pem hauv ntej yuav pib diverge nyob rau hauv ib tug kiv cua-zoo li tus, loosen. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no, ib txoj kev los yog lwm qhov, provoke qhov kev tuag sai ntawm cov pob txha hniav. Yog li ntawd, thaum tshem cov hniav, koj yuav tsum tau hu rau tus kws kho hniav zoo rau lub sij hawm los kho tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab tswj qhov kev zom kom raug ntawm tag nrho cov hniav.