Dermatomyositis yog kab mob ntev uas cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab leeg nqaij. Nws yog tus kab mob autoimmune uas nws keeb kwm tseem tsis tau paub, cais nyob rau hauv pab pawg ntawm idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, nrog rau piv txwv polymyositis. Cov kab mob pathology hloov pauv tau ntau xyoo nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo, thaum tsis muaj teeb meem loj, tab sis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus neeg mob lub cev muaj zog. Nws tau kwv yees tias 1 ntawm 50 txog 000 hauv 1 tus neeg nyob nrog dermatomyositis (nws kis ntau) thiab hais tias muaj pes tsawg tus neeg mob tshiab txhua xyoo yog 10 txog 000 rau ib lab tus tib neeg (nws tshwm sim). (1)

Cov tsos mob ntawm dermatomyositis zoo ib yam lossis zoo ib yam nrog cov cuam tshuam nrog lwm qhov mob myopathies: mob txhab nqaij tawv, mob nqaij thiab tsis muaj zog. Tab sis ntau lub ntsiab lus ua rau nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv dermatomyositis los ntawm lwm qhov mob myopathies:

• Me ntsis o liab thiab ua rau thaj ua rau thaj ntawm lub ntsej muag, caj dab thiab xub pwg feem ntau yog thawj qhov kev kuaj pom. Qhov ua puas rau daim tawv muag, hauv daim iav, yog tus yam ntxwv.
• Cov leeg tau cuam tshuam zoo ib yam, pib los ntawm pob tw (plab, caj dab, trapezius…) ua ntej mus txog, qee zaum, caj npab thiab txhais ceg.
• Qhov muaj feem yuav kis tau mob qog noj ntshav. Cov mob qog noj ntshav no feem ntau pib hauv lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo tom qab tus kab mob, tab sis qee zaum sai li sai tau thaum pom thawj cov tsos mob (nws kuj tshwm sim ua ntej lawv). Nws feem ntau yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub mis lossis lub zes qe menyuam rau poj niam thiab ntawm lub ntsws, prostate thiab cov noob qes rau txiv neej. Cov peev txheej tsis pom zoo txog kev pheej hmoo rau cov neeg uas muaj kab mob dermatomyositis ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav (10-15% rau qee tus, ib feem peb rau lwm tus). Hmoov zoo, qhov no tsis siv rau daim ntawv hluas ntawm tus kab mob.

Ib qho MRI thiab cov nqaij nqaij kuaj mob yuav lees paub lossis tsis lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob.

Nco qab tias dermatomyositis yog kab mob koom nrog pawg idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Lub npe "idiopathic" lub ntsiab lus uas lawv keeb kwm tsis paub. Txog rau hnub no, yog li ntawd, tsis paub tias yog vim li cas lossis tsis paub meej cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kabmob. Nws yuav zoo li tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm caj ces thiab ib puag ncig.

Txawm li cas los xij, peb paub tias nws yog tus kab mob autoimmune, uas yog hais ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob autoantibodies tig rau lub cev, hauv qhov no tiv thaiv qee yam ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov leeg thiab tawv nqaij. Nco tseg, txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj kab mob dermatomyositis tsim cov kab mob autoantibodies no. Tshuaj kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau, zoo li tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob. (1)

Cov poj niam raug cuam tshuam los ntawm dermatomyositis ntau dua li txiv neej, kwv yees li ob zaug ntau dua. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog cov kab mob autoimmune, tsis paub vim li cas. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau txhua lub hnub nyoog, tab sis nws tau pom tias nws zoo li tshwj xeeb ntawm 50 thiab 60 xyoo. Hais txog menyuam yaus dermatomyositis, feem ntau nws muaj hnub nyoog 5 txog 14 xyoos uas nws tshwm sim. Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog tias tus kab mob no tsis kis tau lossis tsis yog xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Thaum tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau (tsis paub) ua rau tus kab mob, kev kho mob dermatomyositis txhawm rau txo / tshem tawm qhov mob los ntawm kev tswj hwm corticosteroids (kev kho mob corticosteroid), ntxiv rau tiv thaiv kev tsim cov tshuaj autoantibodies rau los ntawm immunomodulatory lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov kev kho mob no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txwv cov leeg mob thiab puas tsuaj, tab sis cov teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum muaj mob qog noj ntshav thiab ntau yam mob (mob plawv, mob ntsws, thiab lwm yam). Cov menyuam yaus dermatomyositis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem zom zaub mov hnyav hauv menyuam yaus.

Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tiv thaiv lawv cov tawv nqaij los ntawm tshav ntuj tshav ntuj UV, uas yuav ua rau tawv nqaij mob ntxiv, los ntawm kev npog cov khaub ncaws thiab / lossis tiv thaiv tshav ntuj. Sai li qhov kev kuaj mob tau tsim, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tas li rau cov qog nqaij hlav uas cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob.