Endocrine cuam tshuam: lawv nkaum qhov twg?

Endocrine cuam tshuam: lawv nkaum qhov twg?

Endocrine disruptor: yog dab tsi?

Endocrine disruptors muaj xws li ib tsev neeg loj ntawm cov tebchaw, ntawm ntuj los yog hluavtaws keeb kwm, muaj peev xwm ntawm interacting nrog hormonal system. Txhawm rau txwv lawv, lub ntsiab lus ntawm Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb ntawm xyoo 2002 yog qhov kev pom zoo: "Ib qho kev cuam tshuam endocrine muaj peev xwm yog cov tshuaj exogenous lossis sib xyaw, muaj cov khoom muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam endocrine hauv cov kab mob tsis zoo, hauv nws cov xeeb ntxwv. los yog nyob rau hauv sub-population. “

Tib neeg cov tshuaj hormonal yog tsim los ntawm cov qog endocrine: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, zes qe menyuam, testes, thiab lwm yam. Cov tom kawg secrete cov tshuaj hormones, "tshuaj messengers" uas tswj ntau yam physiological functions ntawm lub cev: metabolism, kev ua me nyuam, lub paj hlwb, thiab lwm yam. Cov kab mob endocrine cuam tshuam yog li cuam tshuam nrog cov qog endocrine thiab cuam tshuam cov kab mob hormonal.

Yog tias kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua ntawm ntau cov kab mob endocrine cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig, qee qhov ntawm lawv tau ua pov thawj tias yog "kev cuam tshuam endocrine" txog niaj hnub no. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus xav tias muaj cov haujlwm no.

Thiab rau qhov laj thawj zoo, toxicity ntawm ib qho chaw los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm endocrine system nyob ntawm ntau yam tsis muaj:

  • Cov koob txhaj tshuaj: muaj zog, tsis muaj zog, ntev;

  • Transgenerational teebmeem: kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau tus neeg raug mob, tab sis kuj yog lawv cov xeeb ntxwv;

  • Cocktail teebmeem: qhov sib npaug ntawm ntau qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov koob tshuaj qis - qee zaum tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo thaum raug rho tawm - tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam.

    • Mechanisms ntawm kev ua ntawm endocrine disruptors

    Tag nrho cov qauv ntawm kev ua ntawm endocrine disruptors tseem yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntau. Tab sis paub txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, uas txawv raws li cov khoom xav tau, suav nrog:

    • Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones ntuj - estrogen, testosterone - los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas, thauj, lossis tshem tawm;

  • Mimics qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntuj los ntawm kev hloov lawv nyob rau hauv biological mechanisms lawv tswj. Qhov no yog cov nyhuv agonist: qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog Bisphenol A;

  • Thaiv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntuj los ntawm kev txuas lawv tus kheej mus rau cov receptors uas lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam thiab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev sib kis ntawm cov teeb liab hormonal - cov nyhuv antagonistic.

    • Qhov chaw ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau endocrine disruptors

    Muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau endocrine disruptors.

    Chemicals thiab industrial by-products

    Thawj, qhov chaw dav heev cuam tshuam txog tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Ntau tshaj li ib txhiab khoom, ntawm ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, tau teev tseg. Ntawm cov feem ntau yog:

    • Bisphenol A (BPA), noj vim nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab cov khoom tsis yog khoom noj khoom haus yas: lub raj mis ua kis las, cov khoom siv kho hniav thiab cov khoom siv kho hniav, cov thawv ntim rau cov dej, cov khoom ua si menyuam yaus, CDs thiab DVDs, ophthalmic lo ntsiab muag, cov khoom siv kho mob, cov tais diav, cov thawv yas , cov kaus poom thiab cov kaus poom aluminium. Hauv 2018, European Commission tau teeb tsa qhov tshwj xeeb kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw rau BPA ntawm 0,6 milligrams ib kilo ntawm zaub mov. Nws tseem txwv tsis pub siv rau hauv lub raj mis me nyuam;

  • Phthalates, ib pawg ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj siv los ua cov yas tawv zoo li polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ntau malleable los yog hloov tau: cov ntaub da dej, qee cov khoom ua si, cov ntaub yas, faux tawv hnab thiab khaub ncaws, biomedicals, khoom styling, tu thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce khoom thiab naj hoom. Hauv Fab Kis, lawv tau txwv tsis pub siv txij lub Tsib Hlis 3, 2011;

  • Dioxins: nqaij, khoom noj siv mis, ntses thiab nqaij nruab deg;

  • Furans, ib qho me me molecule tsim thaum lub sij hawm cua sov ntawm cov zaub mov, xws li ua noj los yog kom tsis muaj menyuam: hlau cov kaus poom, iav hub, nqus tsev noj mov, roasted kas fes, me nyuam hub....;

  • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom siv organic xws li roj, ntoo, luam yeeb: huab cua, dej, khoom noj;

  • Parabens, preservatives siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom: tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, khoom tu cev thiab khoom noj khoom haus kev lag luam;

  • Organochlorines (DDT, chlordecone, thiab lwm yam) siv rau hauv cov khoom tiv thaiv nroj tsuag: fungicides, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tua kab, thiab lwm yam.;

  • Butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA) thiab butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), khoom noj khoom haus tiv thaiv oxidation: cream, lotions, moisturizers, di ncauj balms thiab sticks, xaum thiab qhov muag ntxoov ntxoo, zaub mov ntim, cereals, zom cov pos hniav, nqaij, margarine, kua zaub thiab lwm yam khoom noj dehydrated ...;

  • Alkylphenols: pleev xim, tshuaj ntxuav tes, tshuaj tua kab, cov kav dej PVC, cov khoom pleev xim plaub hau, tshuaj pleev xim tom qab, cov ntaub so siv pov tseg, shaving cream, spermicides ...;

  • Cadmium, cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub ntsws: plastics, ceramics thiab xim iav, nickel-cadmium cells thiab roj teeb, cov ntawv luam, PVC, tshuaj tua kab, luam yeeb, dej haus thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob; tab sis kuj muaj nyob rau hauv tej yam khoom noj: soya, nqaij nruab deg, txiv laum huab xeeb, noob paj noob hlis, tej cereals thiab nyuj cov mis nyuj.

  • Brominated nplaim taws retardants thiab mercury: tej yam ntaub, rooj tog, txaj, khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub cev muaj zog, ntsuas kub, lub teeb, roj teeb, qee cov tawv nqaij lightening cream, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab lwm yam.;

  • Triclosan, cov khoom siv ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom xws li: xab npum, tshuaj txhuam hniav, tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj pleev ib ce, shaving cream, moisturizing lotions, pleev tshem tawm, deodorants, da dej. curtains, chav ua noj sponges, khoom ua si, sportswear thiab tej yam yas;

  • Cov hmoov txhuas: cov roj teeb tsheb, cov kav dej, cable sheaths, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xim ntawm cov khoom ua si, pigments, PVC, hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab iav siv lead ua;

  • Tin thiab nws derivatives, siv nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj;

  • Teflon thiab lwm yam perfluorinated compounds (PFCs): tej yam tshuaj pleev lub cev, kev kho mob rau cov ntaub pua plag thiab ntaub, ntim khoom noj thiab cookware, kis las thiab khoom siv kho mob, khaub ncaws tsis muaj dej, thiab lwm yam.;

  • Thiab ntau ntxiv

    • Ntuj los yog hluavtaws cov tshuaj hormones

    Qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws ntawm endocrine disruptors yog cov tshuaj hormones - estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, thiab lwm yam - los yog synthesis. Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, hloov tshuaj hormonal, kev kho tshuaj hormones… Cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas ua rau cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntuj feem ntau siv rau hauv cov tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj hormones no koom nrog ib puag ncig ntuj ntawm tib neeg lossis tsiaj pov tseg.

    Hauv Fab Kis, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj, Ib puag ncig thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Ua Haujlwm Hauv Tebchaws (ANSES) tau lees paub los tshaj tawm los ntawm 2021 cov npe ntawm tag nrho cov endocrine cuam tshuam…

    Kev cuam tshuam thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm endocrine disruptors

    Cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev, tshwj xeeb rau txhua qhov cuam tshuam endocrine, muaj ntau yam:

    • Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev ua me nyuam;

  • Malformation ntawm lub cev xeeb tub;

  • Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov thyroid kev ua haujlwm, kev loj hlob ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev txawj ntse;

  • Hloov pauv ntawm kev sib deev;

  • Mob ntshav qab zib;

  • Kev rog thiab plab hnyuv;

  • Hormone-dependent cancers: kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsim los yog hom tshuaj hormones - thyroid, mis, testes, prostate, uterus, thiab lwm yam;

  • Thiab ntau ntxiv

    • Lub rooj nthuav dav nyob rau hauv utero tuaj yeem muaj qhov tshwm sim loj rau tag nrho lub neej:

    • Ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb thiab kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm;

  • Thaum pib ntawm kev puberty;

  • Ntawm kev tswj qhov hnyav;

  • Thiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev yug me nyuam.

    • Endocrine cuam tshuam thiab Covid-19

    Tom qab thawj qhov kev tshawb fawb Danish qhia txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm perfluorinated hauv qhov hnyav ntawm Covid-19, qhov thib ob tau lees paub txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm endocrine cuam tshuam hauv qhov hnyav ntawm kev sib kis. Tshaj tawm thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2020 los ntawm pab pawg Inserm thiab coj los ntawm Karine Audouze, nws nthuav tawm tias kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob endocrine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam kab mob lom hauv tib neeg lub cev ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev mob hnyav. Covid19.

    Endocrine cuam tshuam: yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv lawv?

    Yog tias nws zoo li nyuaj rau kev khiav tawm ntawm endocrine cuam tshuam, ob peb tus cwj pwm zoo tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv lawv me ntsis:

    • Plastics pom zoo kom muaj kev nyab xeeb: High Density Polyethylene los yog High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene lossis Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PP);

  • Kev txwv cov yas uas muaj cov kab mob endocrine cuam tshuam uas nws qhov kev pheej hmoo tau raug pov thawj: Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC);

  • Tsis txhob siv cov yas nrog cov duab kos: 3 PVC, 6 PS thiab 7 PC vim tias lawv muaj kev phom sij ntau ntxiv raws li cov cua sov;

  • Txiav Teflon pans thiab nyiam stainless hlau;

  • Siv iav los yog ceramic ntim rau lub qhov cub microwave thiab cia;

  • Ntxuav txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab ntau npaum li sai tau thiab nyiam cov khoom los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb organic;

  • Tsis txhob siv tshuaj ntxiv E214-219 (parabens) thiab E320 (BHA);

  • Ua tib zoo nyeem cov ntawv lo ntawm cov khoom siv tu cev thiab kev zoo nkauj, nyiam cov ntawv sau organic thiab txwv tsis pub muaj cov tshuaj hauv qab no: Butylparaben, propylparaben, sodium butylparaben, sodium propylparaben, potassium butylparaben, potassium propylparaben, BHA, BHT, Cyclopentasiloxane, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclomethicone, E. Benzophenone-1, benzophenone-3, Triclosan, thiab lwm yam.

  • Tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab (fungicides, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tua kab, thiab lwm yam);

  • Thiab ntau ntxiv

    • Sau ntawv cia Ncua