Glomerulonephritis yog ib qho mob mob raum uas tuaj yeem muaj keeb kwm sib txawv. Nws cuam tshuam rau glomeruli, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub raum. Nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kev kho mob vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Glomerulonephritis, qee zaum hu ua nephritis lossis nephrotic syndrome, yog a kab mob ntawm glomeruli nyob rau hauv lub duav. Kuj hu ua Malpighi glomerulus, lub raum glomerulus yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub raum. Ua los ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha, lub glomerulus tso cai rau pom cov ntshav. Cov txheej txheem no tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg hauv cov hlab ntsha xwb tab sis kuj tseem tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov zaub mov thiab dej hauv lub cev.

Nyob ntawm lub sijhawm thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hlub, peb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

• mob glomerulonephritis, uas tshwm tam sim ntawd;
• mob glomerulonephritis, uas txhim kho ntau xyoo.

Peb kuj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

• thawj glomerulonephritis, thaum kev hlub pib hauv lub raum;
• theem nrab glomerulonephritis, thaum kev hlub yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lwm yam pathology.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm glomerulonephritis yog qhov nyuaj vim tias tus mob no tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub hauv paus:

• keeb kwm keeb kwm ;
• metabolic dysfunctions ;
• tus kab mob autoimmune, xws li kab mob lupus (lupus glomerulonephritis) lossis Goodpasture syndrome;
• muaj mob, xws li strep caj pas (poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis) los yog hniav abscess;
• qog malignant.

Hauv ze li ntawm 25% ntawm cov neeg mob, glomerulonephritis tau hais tias yog idiopathic, txhais tau tias qhov ua rau tsis paub tseeb.

Glomerulonephritis yuav tsum tau kho sai sai kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob, tus kab mob no ntawm lub raum glomeruli ua rau:

• electrolyte tsis txaus, nrog siab sodium nyob rau hauv lub cev, uas nyob rau hauv particular tsub kom cov kab mob plawv;
• dej khaws cia hauv lub cev, uas txhawb qhov tshwm sim ntawm edema;
• lub raum ua haujlwm tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.

Thaum glomerulonephritis yog vim muaj kab mob, nws tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov zis.

Kev loj hlob ntawm glomerulonephritis yog hloov pauv. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai hauv mob glomerulonephritis lossis qeeb hauv glomerulonephritis ntev. Cov tsos mob kuj yuav txawv. Tus kab mob glomerulonephritis ntev tuaj yeem pom tsis pom, asymptomatic, tau ntau xyoo ua ntej nthuav tawm thawj cov tsos mob.

Thaum nws tshwm sim nws tus kheej, glomerulonephritis feem ntau yog nrog los ntawm ntau qhov tshwm sim:

• txo qhov zaus tso zis;
• a los ntshav, uas muaj cov ntshav nyob rau hauv cov zis;
• a tshuaj proteinuria, tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj protein ntau hauv cov zis, uas feem ntau ua rau albuminuria, uas yog, muaj albumin hauv cov zis;
• a tawg arterial, uas yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm;
• un edema, leej twg yog lwm qhov ua rau lub raum tsis zoo;
• ntawm lub mob taub hau, uas tej zaum yuav muaj kev tsis xis nyob;
• ntawm lub mob plab, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv loj tshaj plaws.

Kev kho mob glomerulonephritis nyob ntawm nws keeb kwm thiab chav kawm.

Raws li kev kho thawj kab, kev kho tshuaj feem ntau yog siv los txo cov tsos mob thiab txwv txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm teeb meem. Ib tus kws kho mob feem ntau sau tseg:

• antihypertensives los tswj ntshav siab thiab txwv cov ntshav siab, ib qho tsos mob ntawm glomerulonephritis;
• diuretics kom tso zis ntau ntxiv thiab nquag tso zis.

Lwm yam tshuaj tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem muab tshuaj los kho qhov ua rau glomerulonephritis. Nyob ntawm kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem, piv txwv li, sau ntawv:

• tshuaj tua kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kis mob streptococcal glomerulonephritis, kom tsis txhob kis kab mob hauv ob lub raum;
• corticosteroids thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj mob lupus glomerulonephritis, kom txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Ntxiv rau kev kho tshuaj, kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv tau thaum muaj glomerulonephritis. Cov zaub mov no feem ntau ua rau cov protein thiab sodium ntau ntxiv, thiab nrog rau kev tswj hwm qhov ntim ntawm cov dej haus.

Thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub raum tsis ua haujlwm siab, tuaj yeem siv cov lim ntshav kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum. Hauv cov ntawv hnyav tshaj plaws, tuaj yeem txiav txim siab hloov lub raum.