HDL - "zoo" cov roj cholesterol, tab sis nws yeej tsis pab

Lub plawv nres kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov neeg uas muaj cov qib siab ntawm cov roj cholesterol zoo. Tshawb nrhiav seb vim li cas HDL tsis zoo ib txwm tiv thaiv peb ntawm atherosclerosis thiab dab tsi zais nws tseem zais ntawm peb.

1. Hauv kev sib piv, cov roj cholesterol tau muab faib ua "zoo" thiab "tsis zoo"
2. Qhov tseeb, ib feem yog suav tias yog qhov tsis zoo, thaum lwm qhov tsuas yog hais txog hauv cov ntsiab lus zoo.
3. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. Cov roj (cholesterol) "zoo" kuj tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem
4. Cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no tuaj yeem pom ntawm Onet homepage.

Cov roj (cholesterol) muaj ntau lub npe! Ib qho ntawm cov npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm nws tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub cev yog lub npe hu ua HDL (luv rau cov lipoprotein ntom ntom), muaj npe los ntawm cov kws kho mob ua cov roj cholesterol zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nws cov ntshav siab ntau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim atherosclerosis, uas yog ib qho kab mob loj ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv nres lossis mob stroke.

Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias txhua tus neeg uas muaj HDL ntau hauv lawv cov ntshav tuaj yeem so yooj yim thiab tsis nco qab txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerosis tag nrho.

Cov roj (cholesterol) zoo thiab muaj feem yuav mob plawv

Txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no thiab cov kws kho mob twb paub ntau heev txog HDL cov roj cholesterol, lawv lees tias nws cov molecules tseem zais ntau yam zais cia.

- Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev tshawb fawb txog kev kis kab mob thiab cov pej xeem ib txwm qhia tias cov neeg uas muaj cov roj cholesterol siab HDL muaj tsawg dua ntawm cov kab mob plawv (kev pheej hmoo tsawg), thiab cov neeg uas muaj qib HDL qis muaj kab mob plawv ntau dua (muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua). Ntawm qhov tod tes, peb paub los ntawm kev xyaum tias lub plawv nres kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas muaj qib HDL siab. Qhov no yog qhov tsis sib xws, vim hais tias cov kev tshawb fawb kab mob sib kis tau hais los saum no qhia lwm yam - hais tias prof. Barbara Cybulska, tus kws kho mob uas tau ua haujlwm nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv tau ntau xyoo, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Khoom Noj (IŻŻ).

1. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov roj cholesterol siab

Yog li thaum kawg, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.

- Thiab tiag tiag ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm HDL hais hauv tus neeg mob muab. Hauv qee tus neeg, HDL yuav siab thiab ua tsaug rau qhov no lawv yuav zam lub plawv nres, vim tias cov qauv ntawm HDL cov khoom yuav lav lawv txoj haujlwm zoo, thiab lwm tus, txawm tias HDL siab, kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv nres yuav siab, vim rau cov qauv tsis raug ntawm HDL molecule - piav qhia Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Puas muaj cov tshuaj uas nce cov roj (cholesterol) zoo?

Tam sim no, cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau ntawm nws cov tshuaj pov tseg uas zoo txo ​​qhov concentration ntawm LDL hauv cov ntshav, uas txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv, thiab yog li ntawd nws kuj muaj teeb meem kho mob, uas yog mob plawv.

Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab tsim cov tshuaj txo qis LDL, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tau so ntawm lawv cov laurels. Lawv kuj tau sim rau lub sijhawm ntev los tsim cov tshuaj uas yuav ua rau cov qib roj cholesterol zoo.

- Cov tshuaj no tau tsim, tab sis txawm tias qhov nce qib ntawm HDL cholesterol, lawv siv tsis tau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv. Nws hloov tawm tias HDL feem ntau yog heterogeneous, piv txwv li nws muaj cov molecules sib txawv: me thiab loj, muaj ntau los yog tsawg dua cov protein, cov roj cholesterol lossis phospholipids. Yog li tsis muaj ib qho HDL. Hmoov tsis zoo, peb tseem tsis tau paub txog qhov twg HDL variant muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv atherosclerotic thiab yuav ua li cas nce nws cov concentration hauv cov ntshav, lees paub Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Hauv qhov no, nws tsim nyog piav qhia qhov tseeb yog dab tsi yog cov nyhuv antiatherosclerotic ntawm HDL.

- HDL hais kuj nkag mus rau ntawm phab ntsa hlab ntsha, tab sis lawv cov nyhuv txawv kiag li ntawm LDL. Lawv muaj peev xwm coj cov roj cholesterol los ntawm cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa thiab nqa rov qab mus rau lub siab, qhov twg nws hloov mus rau hauv cov kua tsib acids. Yog li HDL yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv yim tawm tswv yim hauv lub cev cov roj cholesterol. Tsis tas li ntawd, HDL muaj ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv atherosclerotic. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev thauj mus los ntawm cov roj cholesterol los ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau lub siab - hais txog prof. Barbara Cybulska: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, daim siab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no.

- LDLs yog tsim los ntawm cov lipoproteins hu ua VLDL uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim siab, thaum HDLs yog tsim ncaj qha rau hauv daim siab. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ncaj qha los ntawm cov zaub mov noj, raws li ntau tus neeg xav yuam kev - hais tias tus kws tshaj lij IŻŻ.

Cov roj (cholesterol) zoo: vim li cas nws thiaj li tsis pab?

Hmoov tsis zoo, muaj ob peb yam ua tau rau HDL qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev tawm tsam atherosclerosis.

- Ntau yam kab mob thiab txawm tias muaj hnub nyoog ua rau HDL cov khoom ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tsis zoo. Lawv poob lawv cov khoom antiatherosclerotic, incl. Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, rog rog lossis kab mob plawv. Qee cov kab mob autoimmune tuaj yeem cuam tshuam HDL kev ua haujlwm, ceeb toom Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Yog li ntawd, txawm tias thaum ib tug neeg muaj HDL siab, lawv tsis tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​zoo tag nrho.

- HDL cov khoom yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov roj cholesterol los ntawm cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa lossis yuav tsis muaj cov tshuaj antioxidant uas tiv thaiv LDL cholesterol los ntawm oxidizing. Raws li koj paub, nws daim ntawv oxidized yog cov feem ntau atherogenic (atherogenic) - hais tias Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Chase deb atherosclerosis: qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua si lub cev

Hmoov zoo, tseem muaj cov xov xwm zoo los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog HDL, xws li qhov tseeb tias kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog ua kom muaj zog, tiv thaiv atherosclerotic HDL hais.

- Yuav kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no, txhua yam koj xav tau yog tsawg kawg 30 feeb ntawm kev tawm dag zog aerobic ib hnub, xws li ua luam dej, taug kev nrawm lossis caij tsheb kauj vab. Qhov no yog xov xwm tseem ceeb heev, vim hais tias txog tam sim no tsis muaj tshuaj yuav ua tau. HDL concentration yuav tsum tau nce tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj kab mob plawv - hais tias Prof. Barbara Cybulska.

Tus kws tshaj lij qhia tias txhawm rau txhawm rau nce HDL concentration, ntxiv rau kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog, European Society of Cardiology tseem pom zoo: txo kev noj cov roj ntsha trans fatty acids, txiav luam yeeb, txo kev noj cov monosaccharides thiab disaccharides (cov suab thaj yooj yim) thiab qhov hnyav. txo.

Tab sis raws li prof. Cybulska Ib qho tsis tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv qhov kev xav tias txawm tias HDL ua haujlwm tau zoo tuaj yeem kho txhua qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm qib LDL cov roj cholesterol siab uas tau ua rau ntau xyoo.

- Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv qhov nce hauv LDL roj cholesterol los ntawm thaum yau (los ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom zoo), thiab yog tias nws nce ntxiv, nws yuav tsum tau txo qis (los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev noj haus thiab tshuaj noj). Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau ib feem ntawm kev rov qab los, piv txwv li, txo qhov ntim ntawm atherosclerotic plaque, tab sis tsuas yog nws cov lipid (cholesterol) feem cuam tshuam. Tom qab ntawd cov roj cholesterol los ntawm cov quav hniav txo qis - hais tias prof. Barbara Cybulska: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov tub ntxhais hluas atherosclerotic plaques, vim tias lawv feem ntau tawg thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai (uas tuaj yeem thaiv cov ntshav ntws thiab ua rau lub plawv nres lossis mob stroke).

"Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov plaques hluas muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau hauv lawv, tab sis tseem tsis tau muaj lub npog ntsej muag los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Raws li rau cov laus, calcified, fibrous plaques, lawv kuj yuav txo tau, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov roj cholesterol - hais tias tus kws tshaj lij IŻŻ.

Inevitably, hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, atherosclerotic plaques feem ntau kuj tseem hluas. Tab sis muaj kev zam rau txoj cai no. Hmoov tsis zoo, lawv kuj tuaj yeem muaj cov kab mob atherosclerotic plaques.

- Kev mob plawv ntxov ntxov hauv cov neeg thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg zoo li no, atherosclerosis tshwm sim los ntawm thaum yau, vim hais tias cov hlab ntsha yog tas li nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov cholesterol siab. Qhov no yog vim li cas txhua tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas muaj tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob plawv ntxov ntxov, yuav tsum tau kuaj lawv cov roj cholesterol, pom zoo prof. Barbara Cybulska: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

1. Cov tsos mob ntawm tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia uas txhua tus yuav tsum paub [Qhia]

Cov roj (cholesterol) zoo thiab phem: dab tsi yog cov qauv?

Thaum koj paub txog cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog cov qib roj cholesterol tsis txaus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog lub tswb ntsuas cuam tshuam nrog nws.

- Nws raug suav hais tias qib LDL cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv yog qis dua 100 mg / dL, piv txwv li hauv qab 2,5 mmol / L. Tej zaum, txawm li cas los xij, qib zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv yog qis dua, qis dua 70 mg / dL. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob plawv, nrog rau cov kab mob plawv (keeb kwm ntawm myocardial infarction lossis mob stroke), ntshav qab zib lossis kab mob raum ntev, nws yog qhov xav kom LDL qib roj cholesterol qis dua 70 mg / dL - qhia prof. Barbara Cybulska: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Cov kev xav tau yog li ntawd ntau dua, qhov kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov kab mob loj no lossis lawv cov teeb meem los ntawm tus neeg mob.

- Thaum nws los txog rau HDL cholesterol, tus nqi qis dua 40 mg / dL, piv txwv li hauv qab 1 mmol / L hauv cov txiv neej thiab qis dua 45 mg / dL, piv txwv li hauv qab 1,2 mmol / L hauv cov poj niam, suav tias yog qhov phem, tsis txaus nws. concentration – nco prof. Barbara Cybulska: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Koj puas muaj cov roj (cholesterol) phem? Hloov koj txoj kev ua neej thiab kev noj haus

Yog tias koj xav kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob lipid thiab atherosclerosis, siv cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no kom ntau li ntau tau hauv koj lub neej txhua hnub:

1. kev tawm dag zog lub cev (tsawg kawg 30 feeb 5 hnub hauv ib lub lis piam),
2. kev noj zaub mov muaj zaub (200 g lossis ntau dua ib hnub) thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo (200 g lossis ntau dua)
3. txwv kev noj cov roj saturated (uas yog cov nplua nuj nyob hauv tsiaj cov rog) - nyiam dua li 10% ntawm lub zog niaj hnub noj nrog zaub mov,
4. Hloov cov roj saturated nrog polyunsaturated fatty acids (lawv qhov chaw yog cov roj zaub, tab sis kuj muaj roj ntses),
5. txo qis kev noj cov rog rog (lawv suav nrog cov khoom qab zib npaj txhij, npaj zaub mov sai thiab zaub mov ceev),
6. khaws koj cov ntsev tsawg dua 5 g ib hnub twg (ib theem teaspoon),
7. noj 30-45 g ntawm fiber ntau ib hnub, nyiam dua los ntawm cov khoom noj nplej tag nrho,
8. noj ntses 1-2 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, nrog rau cov rog (xws li mackerel, herring, halibut),
9. noj 30 g ntawm unsalted txiv ntoo ib hnub twg (xws li walnuts)
10. txwv tsis pub haus cawv (yog tias koj haus tag nrho), txiv neej: txog li 20 g ntawm cawv ntshiab ib hnub, thiab poj niam mus txog 10 g,
11. Nws kuj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua tsis muaj qab zib haus tag nrho.