txheem
Ib chav da dej los ntawm ib lub bar muaj ntau qhov zoo:
Step-by-step cov lus qhia rau kev tsim da dej los ntawm ib lub bar
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj theem
Cov theem no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, txij li nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov pib uas txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv yav tom ntej tau muab tso rau. Nyob rau theem kev npaj, koj yuav tsum ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua lub hauv paus
Lub hauv paus yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej da dej, yog li nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Rau lub pas dej da dej qis, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau: sawb, txhawb nqa-tus ncej thiab pawg-ntsia hlau.
Sawb foundation tob los ntawm 50-80 centimeters, uas characterizes nws li ntiav. Nws yuav tsum tau protrude yam tsawg kawg yog 0,5 meters saum toj no theem av thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv lub sab beam ntawm dampness thiab lwj. Xws li lub hauv paus tsis xav tau cov nqi nyiaj txiag loj thiab tsim nyog rau cov tsev tsis muaj ntoo loj. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib txheej khov ntawm cov av. Lub hauv paus sawb yog tsim rau cov av qhuav thiab xuab zeb. Nws yog ib lub pob zeb uas muaj zog ntxiv, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm cov pob zeb me me lossis cov xuab zeb cushion.
Txhawb nqa ncej puab tsis koom nrog kev siv cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab nws tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm tes. Nws ua tau zoo ob qho tib si ntawm cov av ntom ntom thiab hauv cov xuab zeb. Cov ncej ua los ntawm cov cib lossis cov pob zeb ua vaj tse yog ntsia rau ntawm cov ces kaum, ib puag ncig thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov kabmob phab ntsa ntawm da dej yav tom ntej. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa zoo li no yog 1,5 meters. Lub hauv paus pob zeb yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv txhua tus ncej los tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov kev tawg. Rau lub zog, txhua lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog nrog kev txhawb nqa.
Pile-screw foundation koom nrog kev siv cov hlau prefabricated. Hom no haum rau yuav luag txhua yam av. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau txawm tias nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw nrog txoj kab nqes. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau nruab nws nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, txij li thaum lub installation yog heev yooj yim. Pile-screw foundation compacts av, nws yog economical thiab av qeeg-resistant.
Kauj ruam 3. Foundation waterproofing
Thawj txheej ntawm ntoo yuav tsum tau waterproofed los ntawm lub hauv paus, vim tias noo noo yuav nce los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab ua rau cov ntoo rot. Dampness, fungus thiab pwm tshwm sim. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, ib txheej ntawm molten bitumen yuav tsum tau siv rau ntawm kab rov tav ntawm lub hauv paus. Los ntawm saum toj no nws yog tsim nyog los nteg ib tug nruam txheej ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab cov bitumen tau hardened, tag nrho cov txheej txheem yog rov ua dua.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sib dhos cov phab ntsa ntawm cov ntoo
Ua ntej pib tsim cov phab ntsa ntawm chav da dej, koj yuav tsum siv qib los xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm kab rov tav ntawm kab. Tag nrho cov kev tsim kho ntxiv yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev tso cov yas qis ntawm lub da dej. Rau cov txheej hauv qab, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov kab tuab tuab, tab sis nws qhov ntev yuav tsum yog tib yam.
Ua ntej yuav nteg tus thawj crown, nws yuav tsum tau muab nyias ntoo slats txog 15 hli tuab, pre-kho nrog ib tug antiseptic, nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov perimeter ntawm lub hauv paus. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv (txog 30 cm) yog sau nrog rwb thaiv tsev los yog mounting ua npuas ncauj. Qhov no yog ua los txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kab qis los ntawm rotting thiab dampness.
Thawj lub crown tsis ruaj, cov txheej tom ntej ntawm cov ntoo yog muab tso rau ntawm nws, nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav ntawm cov da dej yuav ntsws. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tsim nyog tso lub cav cabin ntawm da dej nruj heev.
Lub erection ntawm phab ntsa implies ib tug meej kev txiav txim. Ua ntej, lub crowns yog nteg, uas yog ua raws thiab kev cob cog rua rau ib leeg siv hlau pins los yog ntoo dowels. Lawv raug tsav mus rau hauv tshwj xeeb ua qhov ntawm qhov tsim nyog txoj kab uas hla. Qhov drilled ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1-1,5 meters. Lub laum yuav tsum dhau los ntawm kab sab saum toj thiab ib nrab hauv qab. Pins yog muab tso rau hauv lub qhov, thiab ib txheej ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog pw.
Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, tag nrho cov tom ntej crowns ntawm da dej yog nyob. Sab saum toj ob lub crowns tsis tas yuav tsum tau fastened, raws li lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ib ntus thaum lub installation ntawm lub qab nthab kab teeb.
Tom qab txhim kho cov phab ntsa, da dej yuav tsum sawv ntsug rau qhov shrinkage tshwm sim, uas kav txog rau lub hlis. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntoo los ntawm kev ntub dej, nws raug nquahu kom nruab ib lub ru tsev ib ntus nrog cov dej tsis zoo.
Kauj ruam 5: Caulking lub Slots
Tom qab shrinkage, nws yuav tsum tau caulk qhov khoob ntawm cov tuav. Rau lub hom phiaj no, jute, xav, cab, sealant yog siv. Caulker pib los ntawm kab hauv qab, maj mam nce. Tow los yog xav tau hammered rau hauv cov qhov uas twb muaj lawm siv ib tug ntoo spatula thiab ib tug rauj.
Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua haujlwm nrog jute, vim nws tso cai rau koj txuag sijhawm thiab ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Jute yog unwound maj mam, muab tso rau ntawm kab teeb thiab txuas rau lawv nrog rau cov ntsia hlau siv stapler.
Kauj Ruam 6. Lub ru tsev
Kev tsim kho lub ru tsev muaj cov haujlwm hauv qab no: kev txhim kho kev txhawb nqa rau lub ru tsev, kev teeb tsa lub qab nthab, tsim cov qauv truss, waterproofing thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev, lathing ntawm truss system, installation ntawm vov tsev los ntawm cov khoom vov tsev, vuas, hlau los yog ondulin.
Qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog kev tsim kho lub ru tsev gable. Ib qho insulated attic nrog qhov cua zoo yog tsim nyob rau hauv nws.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias yuav tsum muaj lub tsev nyob ntxiv, ces nws raug pom zoo kom ua lub ru tsev tawg. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv cheeb tsam ntawm cov pem teb sab saud, qhov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem npaj chav so lossis muab lub rooj billiard.
Kauj ruam 7. Txhim kho qhov rooj thiab qhov rais qhib
Kev teeb tsa lub qhov rooj thiab qhov rais qhib hauv chav da dej los ntawm ib lub bar yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ua ntej. Twb tau thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov qhov khoob me me yog sab laug nyob rau hauv txoj cai qhov chaw, uas yuav nthuav dav nrog ib tug chainsaw tom qab da dej shrinks.
Qhov ntev ntawm lub qhov rooj hauv da dej tau pom zoo nrog qhov siab ntawm 1,6-1,8 meters, dav ntawm 0,6-1 meter. Qhov dav ntawm lub qhov rais yog nyob rau hauv 0,3 m, thiab lawv ntev yog 0,9 m. Lawv feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov muag.
Qhov rai tsis tshua muaj teeb tsa hauv chav chav.
Kauj Ruam 8. Kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv
Ib chav da dej los ntawm ib lub bar tau tawm, raws li txoj cai, tsuas yog los ntawm sab hauv.
Nyob rau hauv chav tsev chav, ib lub qhov cub yog ntsia rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Phab ntsa, pem teb thiab qab nthab tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov vuas uas siv tau, ruaj khov thiab muaj ntau yam xim thiab ntxoov ntxoo. Clapboard trim kuj tau siv dav. Deciduous ntoo (larch, aspen, birch, linden) yog siv, uas tsis emit resin ntawm kub kub thiab dries sai sai.
Hauv lwm chav da dej, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub hauv ob sab phlu lossis cov vuas. Nyob rau hauv cov chav no, softwood hauv ob sab phlu nrog ib tug qab ntxiag tsw yog haum.
Cov tswv yim kws txawj
Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb
Pavel Bunin, tus tswv ntawm lub da dej complex"Bansk": xyuas
Foundation. Ib qho ntawm cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho. Nws nyob ntawm nws ntau npaum li cas kev tsim kho lub da dej yuav raug nqi. Thaum tsim ib chav da dej los ntawm ib qho profiled beam, nws yog txaus los ua ib tug columnar foundation. Nws yuav siv ob npaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua li daim kab xev. Twb tau nyiaj txuag.
Phab ntsa. Tus nqi ntawm da dej feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv. Yog li, ib qho ntoo txiav yog piv rau tus nqi rau tus nqi ntawm lub cav; Txhawm rau ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho. Txawm hais tias tus nqi ntau ntawm cov ntoo profiled, cov khoom siv no yuav yooj yim rau theem ntawm kev tsim kho. Txhua yam ua tsaug rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev sib txuas "pos hauv qhov zawj", uas ua kom nruj thiab txo tus nqi ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa. Cov khoom kim tshaj plaws ntawm phab ntsa yog profiled glued laminated ntoo. Siv cov khoom no, koj yuav txuag tau ntau lub sijhawm.
Lub tsev. Txhawm rau kom tus nqi ntawm lub tsev da dej kom tsawg thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo, koj tuaj yeem tsis kam tsim lub ru tsev nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua vaj tse complex. Muaj cov qauv tsim uas yooj yim dua rau kev siv, yog li kuv qhia koj kom siv pheej yig, tab sis txhim khu kev qha thiab cov vuas mos mos ua cov khoom siv vov tsev.
Kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Cov neeg tsim kev paub paub tseeb tias nws tsis yooj yim sua kom txuag tau ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm txhua chav da dej. Qhov kev nplij siab thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev yog nyob ntawm theem no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj thiab chav ntxhua khaub ncaws. Aspen los yog larch boards yog suav tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cladding phab ntsa, qab nthab thiab pem teb. Ob hom tsiaj yog hydrophobic, ruaj, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg. Thiab qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hauv kev tsim kho ntawm txhua chav da dej.
Txoj Haujlwm. Raws li nrog kev tsim kho ntawm txhua yam khoom, thawj zaug rau da dej koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib qhov project. Txhawm rau sau nws, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tiv tauj cov koom haum tsim qauv. Cov kws tshaj lij yuav pab tsim ib tus kheej qhov project, coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub xaib thiab muab cov lus pom zoo rau kev tsim kho. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua tib zoo saib xyuas rau theem no, txawm tias cov av uas tau npaj ua haujlwm yuav raug kawm los ntawm cov koom haum muaj peev xwm.
Kev suav cov khoom siv. Txhua tus tswv uas muaj kev paub dhau los, txawm tias los ntawm qhov muag, yuav tuaj yeem kwv yees tus nqi ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias koj ua ntawv thov xa cov ntoo mus rau tus neeg muag khoom, nws yuav suav txhua yam ntawm nws tus kheej thiab nqa tus nqi tsim nyog. Tab sis tsis tshua muaj, ib tug ntawm lawv yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account yuam majeure tshwm sim, piv txwv li, cov khoom puas. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau theem no, kuv xav kom sab laj nrog cov kws tshaj lij.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev muab da dej nrog lub teeb nruab hnub, yog li koj yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau sab qab teb, sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, sab hnub tuaj.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kawm txog thaj av, yog tias muaj txoj kab nqes ntawm thaj chaw, tom qab ntawd lub tsev da dej yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm qhov siab, qhov no yuav tiv thaiv lub tsev los ntawm nag lossis daus thiab dej hauv av. Yog tias qhov no ua tsis tau, coj kev tiv thaiv.
Xav ua ntej txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas lus.
Tsis muaj hluav taws kev nyab xeeb nyob qhov twg.
Tam sim no, muaj cov cai uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li:
qhov tsawg kawg nkaus nyob deb ntawm da dej mus rau lub tsev nyob yog 8 meters;
yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 15 meters ntawm lub cav da dej thiab cov tsev nyob sib ze;
mus rau hav zoov, groves thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw loj ntawm cov ntoo - 15 meters;
rau pas dej, dej, pas dej thiab tag nrho cov ntawd - 5 meters;
deb ntawm cov ntoo siab, txawm tias nws yog koj lub vaj - 4 meters;
ntoo loj - 3 meters;
shrub zaub - 1 meter.