Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib da dej nrog koj tus kheej tes

Ntau tus neeg nyiam mus da dej, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus xav siv nyiaj los mus xyuas nws. Hmoov zoo, qhov no tsis tsim nyog. Koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho chaw rau tus ntsuj plig thiab so koj tus kheej. Ua ke nrog Tus kws tshaj lij da dej Vera Petrakovich peb qhia koj yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tsev da dej nrog koj tus kheej tes, thiab yuav siv zog npaum li cas thiab nyiaj txiag.

Step-by-step cov lus qhia rau kev tsim da dej

Txhawm rau tsim ib chav da dej koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum npaj rau txoj haujlwm no. Tsim ib txoj kev npaj, pob nyiaj siv thiab ua raws li nws nruj me ntsis.

1. Txheej Phaj

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov tsim ntawm koj chav da dej. Nws yuav yog:

- Qhov tsawg kawg ntawm chav da dej - chav chav dej, chav ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab chav hnav khaub ncaws. Yog tias muaj qhov chaw, koj tuaj yeem npaj chav so, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov neeg ua da dej, piv txwv li, hauv tsev rau lub caij ntuj sov, Vera hais.

Raws li tus kws tshaj lij, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los nrhiav ib chav tsev nyob ze ntawm lub reservoir lossis qhov chaw muab dej - lub qhov dej los yog qhov dej - ces yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev sib txuas lus.

2. Schema tsim

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xav txog qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv ua ntej. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum npaj cov duab kos kom tsim nyog. Txoj cai tseem ceeb yog ua kom suav nrog rau hauv tus account qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm tus qhua.

Qhov siab ntawm lub qab nthab hauv chav da dej nruab nrab feem ntau pib los ntawm 2 meters thiab siab dua. Yam tsawg kawg yog 1 sq. meters yuav tsum tau muab faib rau hauv chav chav rau ib tus neeg. Chav hnav khaub ncaws - tsawg kawg 2 square meters. meters, ntxuav - 1,5 square meters. meters. Qhov ntau, qhov zoo dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv chav dej, vim qhov no yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv chav da dej.

Txhua tus lej thiab ntsuas yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv ib lub tswv yim tshwj xeeb. Nws yuav tsum xav txog:

Daim duab npaj ua tiav muaj nyob hauv Is Taws Nem, lossis lawv tuaj yeem xaj los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Qee cov craftsmen muaj peev xwm kos ib lub tswv yim los tsim ib da dej nrog lawv tus kheej tes.

3. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau da dej

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub da dej tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog ntawm ntoo, tab sis kuj ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Txhua tus muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Qhov kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm tus tswv.

Tsob ntoo

Traditional baths are made from this material. Pleasant aroma, natural ingredients – this is what people know and love. The downside is reliability. Wood deteriorates from water, is flammable, “loved” by insects. In this regard, it needs special treatment with antiseptics.

Arbolite

Cov pob zeb ua vaj tse los ntawm lub tsev da dej yog tsim los ntawm sawdust tov nrog cement. Xws li cov khoom yog pheej yig, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los dhos nws thiab nws hnyav hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom no ua rau cov cua sov tsis zoo thiab tsis ruaj khov rau cov dej noo.

Cib Cib

Lub da dej ua los ntawm pob zeb muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Cov vaj tsev ua los ntawm ceramic lossis clinker cib tsis tas yuav tsum tau cladding ntxiv, lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau ntau zaus yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau.

Cib da dej yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus ruaj khov. Qhov kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws yog daim kab xev monolithic. Nws tsis yog yooj yim rau nruab, tab sis yuav muaj teeb meem loj nrog nws. Lub pob zeb yog kim, tsis dhau huab cua zoo thiab yuav tsum tau rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv pheej yig dua rau cib tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv: ua npuas ncauj blocks, cinder blocks, gas blocks thiab nthuav av nplaum.

4. Kev xaiv qhov chaw

Cov khoom no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau qhov kev teeb tsa, tab sis tseem nws yog qhov zoo dua los hais txog nws cais. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ua lub qhov rooj rau pem hauv ntej hauv da dej ntawm sab qab teb sab, yog li ntawd thaum lub caij ntuj no nws yuav yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv nws. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov qhov rais rau sab hnub ci kom lub chav zoo li teeb tsis muaj hluav taws xob.

- Tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab txog cov cai tiv thaiv hluav taws. Nws yog ib advisable mus tso ib lub tsev nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm tsawg kawg yog 10-15 meters los ntawm lub tsev, Petrakovich shares.

Ntxiv mus, cov kev cai rau qhov chaw ntawm da dej yog sau nyob rau hauv txoj cai:

5. Kev npaj sab hauv

Kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tsis tsuas yog rau sab nrauv ntawm chav da dej, tab sis kuj rau sab hauv. Tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Yog tias chav da dej nyob hauv qab tib lub ru tsev, ces siv sab nraud. Thaum qhov no yog ib lub tsev cais, ces cov rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv yog txaus.

Thermal rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv lub da dej yuav tsum yog hygroscopic, tsis muaj co toxins, tsis muaj thermal conductivity, ua raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws thiab khaws nws cov duab. Rau cov neeg uas ua da dej nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes, zoo li yooj yim ntawm fastening kuj tseem ceeb heev.

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog vapor barrier. Cov hauv qab no yog siv rau nws:

Koj kuj yuav tsum xav txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Yog tias chav da dej txuas nrog lub tsev, ces qhov no yuav yooj yim dua nrog. Tshwj xeeb, qhov no siv rau kev siv dej.

- Yuav kom da dej kom qhuav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom debug qhov tawm mus thiab cov dej ntws hauv nws, - peb tus neeg sib tham sau ntawv. - Cov kav dej, dej phwj tuaj, txhua yam yuav tsum ua kom raug.

Txhawm rau muab dej los ntawm lub qhov dej los yog lub pas dej, nws yuav tsum tau yuav lub twj tso kua mis tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj no. Dej nkag los ntawm ib lub yeeb nkab, uas yuav tsum tau muab kaw. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los saib xyuas cov dej tsis zoo.

Los ntawm txoj kev, yog tias koj tsis npaj yuav siv da dej ntau zaus, ces nws tsis tas yuav nqa dej rau ntawd. Koj tuaj yeem nqa qhov xav tau ntawm nws nrog koj hauv lub raj mis lossis lwm lub thawv.

Dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua thaum tsim lub da dej

Thaum muaj kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tsev da dej nrog koj tus kheej tes, daim duab kos tau raug kos, cov khoom tsim nyog tau yuav, ces koj yuav tsum tau nqis los ua lag luam. Peb qhia koj qhov twg yuav pib.

Kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw thiab foundation pouring

Hauv qab da dej koj xav tau thaj chaw tiaj tus - tsis muaj nyom, lwm yam nroj tsuag thiab khib nyiab. Cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov av yog muab tshem tawm ntawm ib theem ntawm 15-20 cm. Koj kos lub perimeter nrog pegs, uas koj rub txoj hlua.

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum khawb ib lub trench, qhov rau ncej (yog hais tias da dej yog framed) los yog lub hauv paus pit. Nws tag nrho nyob ntawm seb hom qauv koj yuav muaj thiab vim li cas. Rau cov da dej ua los ntawm cib los yog cav, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua ib daim kab xev monolithic nrog ib qho me me ntawm kev nkag mus. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, siv qhov cuab lub zog ua ntej pouring lub hauv paus.

Kev tsim vaj tsev

Raws li tau hais los saum no, ntau ntawm no nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas koj da dej yuav yog. Yog tias koj ua los ntawm cov pob zeb los yog cib, ces koj yuav tsum ua ntej theem ntawm lub hauv paus nrog cov cement thiab, tom qab ziab, npog nws nrog cov khoom siv vov tsev folded nyob rau hauv ib nrab, uas yuav ua rau cov dej tsis zoo.

Kev tso cov phab ntsa yuav tsum pib ntawm cov ces kaum. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los soj ntsuam lub dav hlau kom ntseeg tau tias cov qauv nyob rau tib theem. Lub cib yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov cement thiab xuab zeb. Thaiv cov qauv - ntawm cov kua nplaum. Ntawm qhov chaw uas lub qhov rais thiab lub qhov rooj yuav nyob, jumpers yog mounted. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim ib txoj siv armored uas yuav khi tag nrho cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev rau hauv ib lub thav duab. Lub ru tsev bolts yog tsau rau nws. Lub ru tsev yog txhim kho thaum cov kev daws teeb meem siv rau hauv fastening ntawm cov ntsiab lus tau lub zog.

Cov log yog stacked raws li txoj cai tenon-groove. Xav txog lawv qhov hnyav, koj yuav xav tau tus pab. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa cov ntoo uas tsis tau kho, tab sis cov kab sib npaug, tib yam hauv ntu ntu.

Lub hauv paus lub teeb yog txaus rau lub teeb. Lub rooj sib txoos los ntawm nws yog hu ua thav duab, nws yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov ceev tshaj plaws. Cov phab ntsa yog ua raws li hom lattice. Ua ntej, qhov qis qis ntawm cov nqaj yog sib sau ua ke, cov ntsiab lus tau txuas nrog screws lossis pob tw-mounted ntawm cov fab hlau, tom qab ntawd cov hlua khi yog mounted rau qhov kawg, uas nyob ib sab ntawm cov log hauv pem teb mus, lawv raug txiav los ntawm sab nraub qaum. yog li ntawd lwm qhov kawg board rau strapping yog ntsia. Cov cav yuav tsum tau muab tso rau kom lub tshav kub insulator yog muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm lawv, ntxhia ntaub plaub yog zoo tagnrho. Rau qhov qis strapping ntawm ntoo, qhov ntev ntawm 100 × 100 mm yog haum. Hauv qab ntawm phab ntsa - 50 × 100 mm. Rau vapor barrier nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv zaj duab xis. Cov txheej sab nrauv thiab sab hauv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov laug cam, hauv ob sab phlu, OSB lossis sab. Sheathing thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv tus ncej da dej yog ua tiav tom qab lub installation ntawm lub ru tsev.

Yooj yim rau nruab thiab da dej ntawm pallets thiab boards. Lawv fastened ua ke nrog tus kheej tapping screws los yog ntoo dowels. Txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem yog ntsug lossis kab rov tav.

Kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb

Ntawm no cov nteg mus raws li "puff" hom. Ua ntej tuaj lub cav, uas tuaj yeem yog hlau, ntoo, polymer lossis cov pob zeb ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd lub subfloor, vapor barrier daim kab xev, rwb thaiv tsev, waterproofing thiab sab saum toj decking.

Hauv chav da dej los ntawm ib lub bar, hauv pem teb yog yooj yim ua. Ua ntej los ntawm cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem tiav.

Vera Petrakovich paub tseeb tias hauv pem teb yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov vuas. Hauv qab nws, koj tuaj yeem nruab ib lub hauv paus pob zeb. Yog tias peb tsis tau tham txog chav ua noj, ces hauv pem teb tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib chav uas nws kub heev, qhov no tsis pom zoo.

Lub tsev installation

Lub ru tsev tuaj yeem ua tau ob npaug los yog ib qho pitched. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog tsim nyog yog tias koj da dej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsis muaj cua muaj zog. Qhov thib ob yog rau da dej uas txuas nrog lub tsev.

Kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev pib nrog lub installation ntawm mauerlat, uas lub ru tsev truss system yog tsau. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum nteg ib txheej ntawm waterproofing thiab kho lub laths ntawm lub crate. Cov kauj ruam kawg yog tso lub ru tsev. Tsim nyog slate, vov tsev, shingles thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm koj qhov kev txiav txim siab. Feem ntau, piv txwv li, ib daim ntawv profiled yog siv. Nws tseem pom zoo kom nruab ib txheej txheej kub-insulating ntawm lub qab nthab rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm chav da dej.

Rauv installation

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij tau hais tawm, lub qhov cub yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li qhov ntim ntawm chav chav. Lub qhov cub cib tag nrho yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv thiab lub hauv paus cais yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv nws. Xws li lub qhov cub khaws cua sov rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab ua kom sov hauv chav chav zoo dua. Thaum tsim lub qhov cub cib, cov av nplaum refractory yog siv.

Yog tias koj muaj chav chav me me, ces koj tuaj yeem yuav lub qhov cub hlau. Lawv tuaj nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lawv ua kom sov ob chav da dej thiab dej. Cov qauv zoo li no tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov pob zeb ntuj - nws muab qhov muag muag, ci ntsa iab. Tab sis cov cuab yeej no tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab, raws li txoj cai, cov ntawv hlau tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov cub.

Lub qhov cub hlau raug kaw, qhov twg lub qhov cub yog nyob rau hauv qab, lub rhaub yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, thiab lub tank dej yog nyob rau saum toj, thiab qhib - nrog pob zeb tso rau sab nraum.

Cov yeeb nkab ntawm lub qhov cub yuav tsum nrog lub qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha kom nws tsis txhob txhaws.

Sab hauv tiav

Lub rwb thaiv tsev yog muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov tuav, uas txuas rau sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm qhov deb ntawm 40-50 cm ntawm ib leeg. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv cov ntxhia wool. Nws yog kaw nrog ib tug vapor barrier zaj duab xis, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog kaw nrog ib tug xov. Rau txheej kawg, nqa cov laug cam txog li 2-4 cm ntawm aspen, linden lossis alder. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau siv conifers nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev, raws li lawv tso resin thaum rhuab. Lumber los ntawm OSB thiab fiberboard kuj raug txwv.

Installation ntawm partitions thiab txee

Partitions nyob rau hauv da dej kuj yog ua los ntawm tshwj xeeb ntoo tuav. Lawv txoj haujlwm yog cais cov chav sib cais. Twb tau nyob rau hauv pem teb joists, ib qho chaw yuav tsum tau muab rau nws installation thiab kho.

Cov txee hauv chav chav chav yuav tsum tau xis nyob li sai tau. Nws yog ntshaw kom ua nws nyob rau hauv 2 los yog txawm 3 theem - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kauj ruam loj. Qhov deb ntawm lub qab nthab yog tsawg kawg yog 100-120 cm. Los ntawm hauv pem teb mus rau thawj lub txee, qhov kev ncua deb yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 30-45 cm. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tiers yog 50 cm. Cov txee yuav tsum dav rau zaum thiab dag, 80-90 cm yuav tsum txaus. Ntev, nyiam yam tsawg kawg yog 180 cm, yog li koj tuaj yeem ncab koj ob txhais ceg.

Lub thav duab ntawm lub txee yog sib dhos los ntawm cov ntoo. Ib tug edged polished board yog mounted rau nws.

Qhov cua nkag

Qhov cua hauv chav da dej yog ob hom - ntuj thiab yuam. Qhov rais muab thawj - cua txias nkag los ntawm ib qho, cua kub tawm mus txog qhov thib ob. Qhov thib ob txhais tau hais tias lub cuab yeej built-in powered los ntawm hluav taws xob.

Cov tswv yim kws txawj

Nrov lus nug thiab lus teb