Luria, Alexander Romanovich (Lub Xya hli ntuj 16, 1902, Kazan - Lub yim hli ntuj 14, 1977) - ib tug paub zoo Soviet psychologist, founder ntawm Lavxias teb sab neuropsychology, tub ntxhais kawm ntawm LS Vygotsky.
xib fwb (1944), kws kho mob ntawm pedagogical sciences (1937), kws kho mob sciences (1943), tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm pedagogical Sciences ntawm lub RSFSR (1947), tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm lub USSR (1967), belongs rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov kws paub txog kev puas siab puas ntsws hauv tsev uas tau txais kev lees paub dav rau lawv cov kev tshawb fawb, kev qhia thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Kawm tiav los ntawm Kazan University (1921) thiab 1st Moscow Medical Institute (1937). Xyoo 1921-1934. - nyob rau hauv scientific thiab pedagogical ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Kazan, Moscow, Kharkov. Los ntawm 1934 nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb cov koom haum nyob rau hauv Moscow. Txij li thaum 1945 - xibfwb ntawm Moscow State University. Lub taub hau ntawm Department of Neuro- thiab Pathopsychology, Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University MV Lomonosov (1966-1977). Thaum ntau tshaj 50 xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm, AR Luria tau ua ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho ntawm ntau yam kev puas siab puas ntsws xws li psycholinguistics, psychophysiology, me nyuam psychology, ethnopsychology, thiab lwm yam.
Luria yog tus tsim thiab editor-in-chief ntawm Cov Lus Qhia ntawm APN ntawm RSFSR, ib qho kev tshaj tawm uas tus neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau thaj chaw puas siab puas ntsws thiab tib neeg (Moscow Logic Circle) ntawm kev xav tom qab tsov rog hauv Russia thiab USSR pib lawv cov ntawv tshaj tawm.
Ua raws li cov tswv yim ntawm LS Vygotsky, nws tau tsim lub tswv yim ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb, koom nrog kev tsim cov kev xav ntawm kev ua si. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus no, nws tsim lub tswv yim ntawm lub systemic qauv ntawm lub siab lub ntsws functions, lawv variability, plasticity, hais txog lub neej-lub sij hawm xwm ntawm lawv tsim, lawv siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev ua si. Tshawb nrhiav kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev kawm hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws. Siv txoj kev ntxaib ib txwm siv rau lub hom phiaj no, nws tau hloov pauv tseem ceeb rau nws los ntawm kev ua qhov kev sim tshuaj ntsuam caj ces ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm lub hom phiaj tsim kev puas siab puas ntsws ua haujlwm hauv ib tus menyuam ntxaib. Nws tau pom tias cov cim somatic feem ntau txiav txim siab txog caj ces, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb (piv txwv li, pom kev nco) - rau qhov tsawg dua. Thiab rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws siab dua (kev xav, kev xav muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab lwm yam), cov xwm txheej ntawm kev kawm yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm defectology, nws tsim lub hom phiaj txoj kev kawm rau cov me nyuam txawv txav. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob thiab physiological ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntau hom kev puas siab puas ntsws ua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus rau lawv cov kev faib tawm, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev kho mob.
Nws tsim cov kev taw qhia tshiab - neuropsychology, uas tam sim no tau dhau los ua ib ceg tshwj xeeb ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws science thiab tau txais kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm neuropsychology yog nteg los ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub hlwb mechanisms nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob nrog lub paj hlwb mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim raug mob. Nws tau tsim ib txoj kev xav ntawm localization ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntau dua, tsim cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm dynamic localization ntawm cov txheej txheem puas siab puas ntsws, tsim ib qho kev faib tawm ntawm aphasic disorders (saib Aphasia) thiab piav qhia yav dhau los tsis paub txog kev hais lus tsis zoo, kawm txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub frontal lobes. lub hlwb nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws txheej txheem, hlwb mechanisms ntawm kev nco.
Luria tau muaj koob meej thoob ntiaj teb, nws yog ib tug tswv cuab txawv teb chaws ntawm US National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Sciences thiab Arts, American Academy of Pedagogy, nrog rau cov tswv cuab ntawm ntau lub koom haum kev puas siab ntsws txawv teb chaws (British, Fabkis. , Swiss, Spanish thiab lwm yam). Nws yog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab: Leicester (England), Lublin (Poland), Brussels (Belgium), Tampere (Finland) thiab lwm yam. Ntau yam ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tau muab txhais thiab luam tawm rau US las.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb
- Luria AR Kev hais lus thiab kev txawj ntse hauv kev loj hlob ntawm menyuam yaus. — Ib., 1927.
- Luria AR Etudes ntawm Keeb Kwm Ntawm Tus Cwj Pwm: Liab. Keeb kwm. Me nyuam. - M., 1930 (co-sau nrog LS Vygotsky).
- Luria AR Cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm aphasia nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm lub hlwb pathology. — Ib., 1940.
- Luria AR Kev raug mob aphasia. — Ib., 1947.
- Luria AR Rov qab ua haujlwm tom qab kev raug mob ua tsov rog. — Ib., 1948.
- Luria AR me nyuam puas hlwb. — Ib., 1960.
- Luria AR Frontal lobes thiab kev tswj ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. — Ib., 1966.
- Luria AR Lub hlwb thiab lub hlwb txheej txheem. — M., 1963, Vol.1; M., 1970. Vol.2.
- Luria AR Kev ua haujlwm siab dua cortical thiab lawv qhov kev puas tsuaj hauv lub hlwb hauv zos. — M., 1962, 2nd ed. Xyoo 1969
- Luria AR Psychology raws li keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb. — xyoo 1971.
- Luria AR Fundamentals ntawm Neuropsychology. — Ib., 1973.
- Luria AR Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm kev txawj ntse txheej txheem. — Ib., 1974.
- Luria AR Neuropsychology ntawm kev nco. — M., 1974. Vol.1; M., 1976. Vol.2.
- Luria AR Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm neurolinguistics. — Ib., 1976.
- Luria AR Lus thiab kev nco qab (idem). — M., 1979.
- Luria AR Phau ntawv me me ntawm kev nco zoo.