Lub zes qe menyuam cyst yog ib lub hnab ntim nrog cov kua dej uas tsim los ntawm lub zes qe menyuam. Ntau tus poj niam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst thaum lawv lub neej. Ovarian cysts, feem ntau tsis mob, muaj ntau heev thiab tsis tshua muaj mob.

Feem ntau ntawm cov qog zes qe menyuam tau hais tias ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ploj mus dhau sijhawm yam tsis muaj kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov hlwv tuaj yeem tawg, sib ntswg, loj hlob, thiab ua rau mob lossis muaj teeb meem.

Zes qe menyuam nyob rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, ib lub qe tawm ntawm lub zes qe menyuam follicle thiab mus rau lub hlab qe menyuam kom fertilized. Thaum lub qe tau raug ntiab tawm hauv lub zes qe menyuam, cov ntaub ntawv corpus luteum, uas tsim cov tshuaj estrogen thiab progesterone ntau hauv kev npaj rau kev xeeb tub.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm zes qe menyuam cysts

Cov hlwv ntawm zes qe menyuam haumxeeb

Cov no yog cov nquag. Lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov poj niam thaum lub hnub nyoog laus laus thiab poj niam laus, vim hais tias lawv muaj feem xyuam rau kev coj khaub ncaws: 20% ntawm cov poj niam no muaj xws li cysts yog ua ultrasound. Tsuas yog 5% ntawm cov poj niam postmenopausal muaj hom cyst ua haujlwm.

Cov hlwv ua haujlwm zoo li ploj mus tsis pub dhau ob peb lub lis piam lossis tom qab ob lossis peb lub hlis: 70% ntawm cov hlwv ua haujlwm rov qab hauv 6 lub lis piam thiab 90% hauv 3 lub hlis. Txhua lub cyst uas nyob ntev dua 3 lub hlis yog suav tias tsis yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm cyst thiab yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas. Functional cysts muaj ntau dua rau cov poj niam uas siv cov tshuaj progestin nkaus xwb (tsis muaj tshuaj estrogen).

Organic ovarian cysts (tsis ua haujlwm)

Lawv yog cov benign hauv 95% ntawm cov neeg mob. Tab sis lawv yog mob qog noj ntshav hauv 5% ntawm cov neeg mob. Lawv muab faib ua plaub hom :

• Dermoid cysts tej zaum yuav muaj cov plaub hau, tawv nqaij los yog cov hniav, vim lawv yog los ntawm cov hlwb uas tsim cov qe tib neeg. Lawv tsis tshua muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
• Serous cysts,
• Mucous cysts
• Les cystadénomes serous los yog mucinous yog los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg zes qe menyuam.
• Cysts txuas nrog endometriosis (endometriomas) nrog cov ntsiab lus hemorrhagic (cov hlwv no muaj cov ntshav).

Le polycystic zes qe menyuam mob

Polycystic ovary syndrome yog hu ua polycystic zes qe menyuam syndrome thaum ib tug poj niam muaj ntau yam me me hauv zes qe menyuam.

Cov cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam puas tuaj yeem nyuaj?

Cysts, thaum lawv tsis ploj mus ntawm lawv tus kheej, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem. Lub zes qe menyuam tuaj yeem:

• soNyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov kua dej nkag mus rau hauv lub peritoneum ua rau mob hnyav thiab qee zaum los ntshav. Nws yuav siv sij hawm phais.
• Khoov (cyst twist), lub cyst tig rau ntawm nws tus kheej, ua rau lub raj tig thiab cov hlab ntsha kom pinch, yog li txo lossis nres kev ncig ua rau mob hnyav heev thiab tsis muaj oxygen rau lub zes qe menyuam. Qhov no yog ib qho kev phais xwm txheej ceev kom untwist lub zes qe menyuam los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev txom nyem ntau dhau los yog necrosis (qhov no, nws cov hlwb tuag los ntawm tsis muaj oxygen). Qhov tshwm sim no tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hlwv loj lossis cov hlwv uas muaj cov pedicle nyias. Tus poj niam hnov ​​​​qhov mob ntse, muaj zog thiab tsis muaj qhov kawg, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog xeev siab thiab ntuav.
• Ntxhw : Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho intracystic hemorrhage (mob tam sim ntawd) los yog peritoneal extracystic hemorrhage (zoo ib yam li cyst rupture). Ib qho kev phais laparoscopic priori yuav tsum tau siv.
• Compress cov kabmob uas nyob sib ze. Nws tshwm sim thaum lub cyst loj dua. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cem quav (xws li plab hnyuv), nquag tso zis (lub zais zis) lossis compression ntawm cov leeg (edema).
• Kev kis tau khaus laus nas vais lav. Qhov no hu ua kab mob zes qe menyuam. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab cyst rupture los yog tom qab cyst puncture. Kev phais thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau.
• Kev quab yuam Caesarean thaum cev xeeb tub. Thaum cev xeeb tub, muaj teeb meem ntawm zes qe menyuam cysts ntau dua. 

   

Yuav kuaj xyuas lub zes qe menyuam li cas?

Txij li cov cysts feem ntau tsis mob, kev kuaj mob cyst feem ntau ua thaum lub sij hawm kuaj pelvic tsis tu ncua. Qee cov hlwv tuaj yeem pom ntawm palpation thaum kuaj qhov chaw mos thaum lawv loj txaus.

A luam theej duab tso cai rau pom nws thiab txiav txim siab, nws qhov loj me, nws cov duab thiab nws qhov chaw meej.

A duab hluav taws xob Qee zaum tso cai rau koj pom calcifications ntsig txog lub cyst (nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm dermoid cyst).

A IRM Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov cyst loj (ntau tshaj 7 cm)

A laparoscopy tso cai rau koj pom cov tsos ntawm cyst, puncture nws los yog ua ib qho excision ntawm lub cyst.

kuaj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom kuaj tau cev xeeb tub.

Kev ntsuam xyuas rau cov protein, CA125, tuaj yeem ua tau, cov protein no muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv qee yam qog nqaij hlav ntawm zes qe menyuam, hauv tsev menyuam fibroids lossis hauv endometriosis.

Muaj pes tsawg tus poj niam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm zes qe menyuam?

Raws li National College of French Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF), 45000 cov poj niam tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob txhua xyoo rau cov qog nqaij hlav zes qe menyuam. 32000 yuav tau ua haujlwm.