Lub zes qe menyuam (los ntawm classical Latin ovum, qe) yog cov khoom nruab nrog cev ntawm poj niam cev xeeb tub. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tsim cov oocytes thiab cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej.

Qhov chaw. Ob ntawm tus lej, poj niam zes qe menyuam lossis gonads yog cov qog nyob hauv lub plab me me, tom qab ntawm lub tsev menyuam (1). Lawv kuj nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha fallopian, uas lawv fringes ciam teb lawv tsim ib tug pavilion. Lub zes qe menyuam tau tsau ua tsaug rau cov ligaments sib txawv txuas rau ntawm phab ntsa lumbar, mus rau lub raj, thiab mus rau tom qab ntawm lub tsev menyuam, thiab ua tsaug rau mesovarium.

qauv. Ovoid nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab 3 mus rau 4 cm ntev, lub zes qe menyuam yog ua los ntawm 2 qhov chaw:

• Nyob rau hauv periphery: thaj tsam cortical, qhov chaw ntawm zes qe menyuam follicles nyob, txhua tus muaj oocyte (tom kawg yuav dhau los ua lub zes qe menyuam)
• Hauv nruab nrab: thaj chaw medullary, ua los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov hlab ntsha

Vascularization thiab innervation. Lub zes qe menyuam yog muab los ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm zes qe menyuam. Venous kua yog nqa tawm ntawm sab xis los ntawm vena cava thiab sab laug los ntawm lub raum leeg (2).

Qe ntau lawm. Ob peb lub hauv paus ntawm zes qe menyuam yuav loj hlob thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub (1). Tsuas yog ib qho yuav raug xaiv thiab, thaum loj hlob tuaj, oocyte yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov follicle, hu ua ovulation.

Kev tsim thiab tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones. Lub zes qe menyuam yog qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm ob yam tshuaj hormones:

• Estrogen, koom nrog tshwj xeeb hauv kev txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib deev theem nrab
• Progesterone, koom nrog tshwj xeeb hauv cov thickening ntawm endometrium, hauv ob sab phlu ntawm lub tsev menyuam siv los ua qhov chaw cog rau lub qe (fertilized qe) (3)

Kev coj khaub ncaws. Nws tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov kho ntawm poj niam qhov chaw mos apparatus thiaj li yuav tau txais lub qe fertilized. Thaum tsis muaj fertilization, lub endometrium raug rhuav tshem, uas sib haum rau lub caij nyoog poj niam.

Mob qog nqaij hlav qe menyuam. Malignant (cancerous) lossis benign (non-cancerous) cov qog tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv zes qe menyuam (4). Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem yog qhov tsis xis nyob hauv plab, teeb meem ntawm lub voj voog, lossis mob.

Ovarian Cyst. Nws sib raug rau lub hnab tshos uas tsim tawm ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm lub zes qe menyuam thiab nws cov qauv tuaj yeem sib txawv. Muaj ob hom cysts:

• Cov hlwv uas ua haujlwm ntau zaus ploj mus ib txhis (1).
• Organic cysts, uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab mob, thiab yog qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Kev kho mob phais. Nyob ntawm cov kab mob pathology thiab nws txoj kev vam meej, kev kho mob phais yuav ua tau xws li kev phais laparoscopic hauv qee kis ntawm cov hlwv.

Tshuaj kho mob. Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem ua ke nrog kev kho mob.

Kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev. Qhov pib ntawm qhov mob pib nrog kev kuaj mob los tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov mob thiab cov tsos mob nrog.

Kev kuaj mob imaging. Nyob ntawm seb qhov xav tau lossis pov thawj pathology, kev kuaj ntxiv yuav raug ua xws li ultrasound lossis x-ray.

Laparoscopy. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog cov txheej txheem endoscopic uas tso cai rau nkag mus rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav, tsis qhib lub plab phab ntsa.

Kev kuaj mob lom. Kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem ua tau, piv txwv li txhawm rau kuaj cov qog nqaij hlav.

Keeb xeeb, lub zes qe menyuam tau xaiv tsuas yog cov kabmob uas cov qe tau tsim hauv cov tsiaj oviparous, yog li Latin etymological keeb kwm: lub zes qe menyuam, vaj. Lub sij hawm zes qe menyuam tau muab los ntawm kev sib piv rau cov poj niam gonads hauv cov tsiaj viviparous, uas tau raug xa mus rau cov poj niam testes (5).