Lub npe "shiitake", uas txawv txawv rau peb lub rooj sib hais, muaj lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yooj yim thiab nkag siab rau txhua tus neeg Nyij Pooj: "Shi" yog Japanese lub npe rau tsob ntoo (Castanopsiscuspidate), uas cov nceb no feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov, thiab "coj" ” txhais tau tias “nceb”. Feem ntau, shiitake tseem hu ua "Japanese hav zoov nceb" - thiab txhua tus nkag siab tias nws yog dab tsi.
Cov nceb no feem ntau hu ua Japanese, tab sis nws loj hlob thiab nthuav tshwj xeeb, suav nrog hauv Suav teb. Shiitake nceb tau paub hauv Suav teb thiab Nyij Pooj rau ntau tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo, thiab raws li qee qhov kev sau ntawv, txij li xyoo pua ob BC! Ib qho ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj qub tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm shiitake belongs rau tus kws kho mob hauv nruab nrab hauv Suav teb nto moo Wu Juei, uas tau sau tias shiitake nceb tsis yog tsuas yog qab thiab noj qab haus huv, tab sis kuj kho: lawv kho lub siab ua pa, siab, pab tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog. thiab poob ntawm lub zog, txhim kho cov ntshav ncig, qeeb cov laus ntawm lub cev thiab ua kom lub suab tag nrho. Yog li, txawm tias cov nom tswv (imperial) Suav tshuaj tau txais shiitake thaum ntxov li 13th-16th centuries. Cov nceb qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo, tseem paub txog lawv lub peev xwm ua kom muaj zog, sai sai poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Suav nom tswv, uas yog vim li cas tam sim no lawv tseem hu ua "Suav imperial nceb." Nrog rau Reishi nceb, cov no yog cov nceb uas nyiam tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb - thiab hauv lub tebchaws no lawv paub ntau yam txog cov tshuaj tsoos!
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kws kho mob medieval, feem ntau yuav ua raws li kev soj ntsuam thiab kev paub dhau los, tsis tau dhau los rau niaj hnub no. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, niaj hnub Japanese, Suav thiab Western cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom nrhiav pov thawj kev tshawb fawb tshiab rau nws. Cov kws kho mob, tshwj xeeb, tau ua pov thawj tias shiitake pab txo cov roj cholesterol (tsuas yog noj cov nceb txhua lub lim tiam raws li cov khoom ntxiv txo cov roj cholesterol los ntawm 12%), tawm tsam qhov hnyav tshaj, pab tiv thaiv impotence, txhim kho daim tawv nqaij. Cov tom kawg, tau kawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav rau cov neeg siv khoom, yog li ntawd, raws li cov nceb shiitake hauv Nyiv, Tebchaws Asmeskas, Tuam Tshoj thiab lwm lub tebchaws, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce fashionable thiab zoo heev tau tsim hnub no. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev npaj siv cov fungal mycelium extract tau ntse siv los ua ib qho ntxiv hauv kev kho cov kab mob malignant. Txawm li cas los xij, shiitake muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog uas tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog - yog li nyob rau hauv peb hnub ntawm kev deb ntawm qhov zoo tagnrho ecology, qhov no yog kev tiv thaiv zoo.
Nws feem ntau hais tias "cov tshuaj iab yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig." Tab sis rooj plaub ntawm shiitake nceb yog ib qho kev zoo siab rau txoj cai no. Cov nceb no twb paub thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, lawv tau hlub los ntawm ntau tus; Nrog shiitake, ntau thiab ntau cov zaub mov txawv tshiab tshwm sim - qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv cov kev npaj yog yooj yim thiab ceev, thiab saj yog nplua nuj, "tsob hav zoov". Mushroom yog muag nyob rau hauv qhuav, nyoos thiab pickled daim ntawv. Tsis xav tsis thoob, kev tsim cov shiitake yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho viav vias, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st nws yog hais txog 800 tons ib xyoo.
Muaj ib qho kev xav tsis thoob hauv kev loj hlob shiitake - lawv loj hlob sai tshaj plaws ntawm sawdust, thiab qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj kev lag luam (mass) ntau lawm txoj kev. Cov nceb qus, lossis cov ntoo cog rau ntawm ntoo (ntawm cov cav ntoo tshwj xeeb) yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua, qhov no tsis yog zaub mov, tab sis tshuaj. Thawj sau ntawm cov nceb tuaj yeem sau tau tsuas yog tom qab ib xyoos, thaum "sawdust" shiitake - hauv ib hlis! Cov khw noj mov thoob ntiaj teb siv thawj hom nceb (los ntawm sawdust) - lawv tastier thiab loj dua. Thiab hom thib ob yog kim dua, thiab los ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj. Lawv yog cov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua polysaccharide, uas, raws li tsim los ntawm Japanese science, pab tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav thiab lwm yam kab mob loj. Mushrooms ntawm tib qib thawj, zus ntawm sawdust, kuj muaj, tab sis nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj, yog li no yog ib tug qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo zaub mov es rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
"Food" shiitake ua maj mam, maj mam. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tau pom nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm kev kawm tshwj xeeb hauv xyoo 1969 los ntawm tus kws kho mob Nyij Pooj siab, Dr. Tetsuro Ikekawa los ntawm Purdue University, Tokyo (lub tsev kawm tsis paub hauv Nyij Pooj no muaj npe nrov vim nws tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshawb fawb tshuaj rau cov qog nqaij hlav malignant). Tus kws kho mob kuj pom tias nws yog shiitake decoction (kua zaub) uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, thiab tsis yog lwm hom kev noj cov khoom. Qhov no kuj tau lees paub keeb kwm - tus huab tais thiab cov nom tswv tau pub thiab watered nyob rau yav dhau los era nrog decoctions ntawm shiitake nceb. Ikekawa tau nto moo rau nws qhov kev tshawb pom rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb - txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum raug hu ua "rov nrhiav dua", vim hais tias raws li Suav keeb kwm, rov qab rau xyoo pua 14th, Suav tus kws kho mob Ru Wui tau ua tim khawv tias shiitake muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho cov qog nqaij hlav (scrolls. nrog nws cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv Imperial Archives hauv Suav teb). Ua li ntawd, qhov kev tshawb pom yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig thiab txhim khu kev qha, thiab niaj hnub no shiitake extracts tau lees paub tias yog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tsis yog hauv Nyij Pooj thiab Tuam Tshoj, tab sis kuj hauv Is Nrias teb, Singapore, Nyab Laj thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias yog tias koj tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav lossis impotence (thiab ua Vajtswv tsaug), ces noj cov nceb noj qab haus huv no kuj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem, tab sis tseem ceeb heev - vim. Shiitake tsis ua phem tawm tsam txhua yam kab mob, tab sis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tag nrho lub cev, feem ntau ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho.
Shiitake nceb tsis tsuas yog siv tshuaj xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo - lawv muaj cov vitamins (A, D, C, thiab pawg B), kab kawm (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, hlau, selenium, thiab lwm yam), nrog rau ntau cov amino acids, suav nrog cov tseem ceeb, thiab ntxiv rau fatty acids thiab polysaccharides (nrog rau cov npe nrov heev). Nws yog polysaccharides uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tab sis lub ntsiab lus zoo rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij yog cov nceb noj qab nyob zoo thiab noj qab nyob zoo yog cov qab heev, npaj sai, thiab koj tuaj yeem ua ntau yam zaub mov txawv nrog lawv!
YUAV UA LI CAS?
Shiitake yog cov khoom "cov neeg tseem ceeb", cov tais diav uas tuaj yeem pom hauv khw noj mov kim. Tab sis nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv chav ua noj zoo tib yam: ua noj shiitake yooj yim!
Cov kaus mom feem ntau yog noj, vim. ob txhais ceg tawv. Feem ntau, yog li ntawd, nws yog cov kaus mom shiitake uas muag, suav nrog cov qhuav. Cov kaus mom yog siv los ua (tshwj tsis yog cov kua zaub ua kom pom tseeb) cov kua ntses, smoothies, khoom qab zib (!), thiab txawm tias yogurt.
Cov nceb qhuav yuav tsum tau ua ntej boiled (3-4 feeb), thiab tom qab ntawd, yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem kib me ntsis, kom cov dej evaporates tag nrho. Txhawm rau saj thaum ci, nws yog qhov zoo rau ntxiv seasonings, walnuts, almonds. Los ntawm shiitake, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom ua tiav cov tsos ntawm "nqaij" saj, uas yuav rov hais dua rau "tshiab hloov dua siab tshiab" thiab tsis yog lub tswv yim, tab sis cov neeg noj zaub mov noj.
TXHEEJ TXHEEM
Shiitake nceb tsis tuaj yeem raug tshuaj lom, tab sis kev noj ntau dhau (qhov siab tshaj plaws noj txhua hnub yog 16-20 g ntawm nceb qhuav lossis 160-200 g ntawm nceb tshiab) tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos. Nws kuj tsis pom zoo kom siv shiitake rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab lactating, vim hais tias. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj, tshuaj muaj zog, thiab nws cov nyhuv ntawm fetus tseem tsis tau kawm txaus.
Nrog bronchial hawb pob, shiitake kuj tsis qhia.